Slide1: PfP DEFENCE POLICY AND STRATEGY WORKSHOP 30 SEPTEMBER 2002 LOGISTIC CAPABILITIES FOR A NEW ERA OF ASYMMETRIC THREATS GROUP CAPTAIN P M MILES, UKAF BRANCH CHIEF LOGISTICS NATO HEADQUARTERS INTERNATIONAL MILITARY STAFF


SETTING THE SCENE: SETTING THE SCENE All change in a new era? Evolution of the strategic landscape and its impact on logistics NATO Partner cooperation in an era of asymmetric threats


COLD WAR ENVIRONMENT: COLD WAR ENVIRONMENT “Short war” defence of NATO homeland by large high intensity warfighting formations Logistics posture was based on: pre-positioned stockpiles and permanent bases well defined Host Nation Support arrangements and secure interior lines of communication essentially national stovepipe supply chains civil logistics supported military operations


POST- COLD WAR ENVIRONMENT: POST- COLD WAR ENVIRONMENT “Small-scale” Crisis Response Operations on the peripherary of NATO territory may not involve warfighting and may be intra-state unpredictable and of indeterminate duration Light, agile deployable forces tailored for expeditionary warfare deployable logistics capability combined, joint approach to operations involvement of Partners


LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE The challenges: Lack of Host Nation Support and infrastructure Long supply chains and probably limited lines of communication Sustainability of the force and of the logistic enabling units for an indeterminate period


LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE The capability requirements: Strategic sea and airlift Deployable theatre level specialist logistic capabilities to establish, manage and operate the theatre support chain and infrastructure Deployable combat service support units organic to combat formations Expeditionary capability is expensive!


LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE The NATO response: a multinational approach to reduce the operational logistic footprint and the cost to individual nations Key aspects include: Logistic lead nation and role specialist nations Contractorisation Multinational Integrated Logistic Units (MILUs) Multinational Joint Logistics Centres


LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE National defence logistic reforms to fund capability improvements have included: Delivering some aspects of logistic support on a joint rather than single service basis Greater involvement of Industry in the logistic support chain Reductions in government-owned stockpiles and logistic infrastructure


LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE Impact on civil-military co-ordination: Cooperative arrangements for assured access to commercial strategic transportation assets Greater penetration of contractor support in the operational theatre Mainly civil support for military operations but more structured approach to possible military assistance to disaster relief and humanitarian aid


ASYMMETRIC ENVIRONMENT: ASYMMETRIC ENVIRONMENT Targets soft centres of vulnerability of complex, integrated democratic society Civilian rather than military Unpredictable, unconventional and multi-faceted threat difficult to detect and counter non-state as well as state actors possible use of weapons of mass destruction Some states may consider preemptive action necessary


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Deterrence and preparation: Logistic readiness for operations: new risks for the national civilian logistic base? Cyber attack proofing logistic information systems Medical preparations to counter chemical and biological weapon use


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Active military response capabilities: Expeditionary logistic capabilities for deployed operations as for Crisis Response Operations Strategic and all terrain tactical mobility assets Deployable military medical NBC consequence management capabilities Likelihood of involvement in humanitarian assistance tasks


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Impact on civil-military co-ordination: Specialist military consequence management capabilities will be sought for civil emergency purposes Military logistic assistance may be sought for immediate sustainment of civilian populations Military as a supplier of logistic capability as well as customer for civilian logistic support


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE KEY EXAM QUESTION FOR DEFENCE POLICY MAKERS: Should we invest in dual-use consequence management capabilities over and above those needed to meet the military operational task?


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Partner areas for development: Continue investment in expeditionary logistic capabilities for deployed operations, particularly Multinational Integrated Logistics Units


EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE MILUs FOR ASYMMETRIC OPS: EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE MILUs FOR ASYMMETRIC OPS The Top 10 MILUs comprise: Engineering Units for general construction support, bridging, fuel pipelines and storage sites, power generation and estate management Bulk water purification Transportation Units for bulk fuel and water, heavy equipment and containerised loads


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Partner areas for development: Continue investment in expeditionary logistic capabilities for deployed operations, particularly Multinational Integrated Logistics Units Strategic transport cooperation Disease monitoring and detection Medical consequence management capabilities Interoperability for consequence management


LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: LOGISTICS FOR ASYMMETRIC WARFARE NATO/Partner logistic cooperation: Development of interoperable expeditionary logistic capability Development of harmonised, interoperable NBC detection and warning processes and consequence management capabilities Use existing logistic cooperation mechanisms SNLC and COMEDS in EAPC format


SUMMARY : SUMMARY Elements of both continuity and change in developing logistics for asymmetric threat era Expeditionary logistic capabilities for deployed forces in Crisis Response Operations remain relevant to era of asymmetric threats Specialist military capabilities needed for defence against use of chemical and biological weapons : these may be sought for civil emergency purposes


SOME QUESTIONS: SOME QUESTIONS What is the impact of the demands of asymmetric warfare on the balance of Partners military investment? What do assistance do Partners want and can realistically expect from NATO? What is the scope for further logistics cooperation between Partners and between Partners and NATO?