Fire Protection Intervention Tools: Fire Protection Intervention Tools Suppression – The enterprise of FF Building Codes Fire Codes Other Laws and Ordinances Home Inspection Programs Fire Prevention Education Fire Survival Education


Fire Protection Intervention Toolscont.: Fire Protection Intervention Tools cont. Fire Protection Devices Federal Legislation State Legislation Smoke Alarms Fast Response Residential Fire Sprinklers (Cure)


THEHISTORY OF RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLERS IN AMERICA(The Evolution and the Revolution): THE HISTORY OF RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLERS IN AMERICA (The Evolution and the Revolution) IFSA / NFSA


May 1975 - First Edition of NFPA 13D, Sprinkler Systems for One and Two-Family Homes and Manufactured Homes1975-1979 Chief Ronny Coleman, San Clemente, California experiments with installations using standard response sprinklers: May 1975 - First Edition of NFPA 13D, Sprinkler Systems for One and Two-Family Homes and Manufactured Homes 1975-1979 Chief Ronny Coleman, San Clemente, California experiments with installations using standard response sprinklers IFSA / NFSA


1975 – 1979 Initial phase of R&D work to develop low cost, quick response fire sprinkler systems (USFA, UL, FM, Grinnell, etc.) 1979 - Residential Sprinkler test program, Los Angeles, California: 1975 – 1979 Initial phase of R&D work to develop low cost, quick response fire sprinkler systems (USFA, UL, FM, Grinnell, etc.) 1979 - Residential Sprinkler test program, Los Angeles, California IFSA / NFSA


Nov 1980 - 1980 Edition of NFPA 13D requires use of listed fast response residential sprinklers and includes requirements for Multipurpose Piping SystemsJune 1981 - Grinnell receives first listing for a residential sprinkler from ULNov 1982 - Central receives UL listing for its Omega series residential sprinkler: Nov 1980 - 1980 Edition of NFPA 13D requires use of listed fast response residential sprinklers and includes requirements for Multipurpose Piping Systems June 1981 - Grinnell receives first listing for a residential sprinkler from UL Nov 1982 - Central receives UL listing for its Omega series residential sprinkler IFSA / NFSA


Oct 1983 - Operation San Francisco test series conducted in San Francisco, CaliforniaFall 1984 - Operation Life Safety Program established (First Trust at NFSA) Fall 1985 - OLS Trust transferred to IAFC: Oct 1983 - Operation San Francisco test series conducted in San Francisco, California Fall 1984 - Operation Life Safety Program established (First Trust at NFSA) Fall 1985 - OLS Trust transferred to IAFC IFSA / NFSA


June 1985 - Initial Scottsdale Ordinance requiring sprinklers in multi-family homes and commercial occupancies passedJune 1986 - Scottsdale Ordinance expanded to include One and Two-Family Homes: June 1985 - Initial Scottsdale Ordinance requiring sprinklers in multi-family homes and commercial occupancies passed June 1986 - Scottsdale Ordinance expanded to include One and Two-Family Homes IFSA / NFSA


1986-Pres. Home builders oppose residential fire sprinklersFall 1986 - USFA sponsored residential fire sprinkler workshop series developed and delivered by OLS: 1986-Pres. Home builders oppose residential fire sprinklers Fall 1986 - USFA sponsored residential fire sprinkler workshop series developed and delivered by OLS IFSA / NFSA


Fall 1986 - OLS promotes series of development incentives (street width reduction, main size reduction, hydrant spacing increases, reduced set-back requirements, increased tract density, reduction of “dead end” turning radius requirements, etc.) OLS also works with Insurance Industry to provide discounts for residential fire sprinklers: Fall 1986 - OLS promotes series of development incentives (street width reduction, main size reduction, hydrant spacing increases, reduced set-back requirements, increased tract density, reduction of “dead end” turning radius requirements, etc.) OLS also works with Insurance Industry to provide discounts for residential fire sprinklers IFSA / NFSA


Slide12: Feb. 1988 - Initial Prince George’s County, Maryland ordinance passes requiring homebuilders to offer residential fire sprinklers as an option and to sprinkler model homes Feb. 1989 - Prince George County ordinance is expanded to make the installation of residential sprinklers in new homes mandatory


1989-Pres. Napa, California passes mandatory residential fire sprinkler requirements. Many local ordinances passed nationally (ex, Cobb Co., GA, Mont. Co., MD., Dover, NH, Altamonte Springs, FL, and some 200 ordinances in California): 1989-Pres. Napa, California passes mandatory residential fire sprinkler requirements. Many local ordinances passed nationally (ex, Cobb Co., GA, Mont. Co., MD., Dover, NH, Altamonte Springs, FL, and some 200 ordinances in California) IFSA / NFSA


1996Home Fire Sprinkler Coalition Formed ( www.homefiresprinkler.org)NFPA 13D includes requirements for Network systems : 1996 Home Fire Sprinkler Coalition Formed ( www.homefiresprinkler.org) NFPA 13D includes requirements for Network systems


1997 - Publication of the “Scottsdale Report”1999 - The Mesa, Arizona experience2000 - Montgomery County, Maryland passes major tax incentive for fire sprinklers: 1997 - Publication of the “Scottsdale Report” 1999 - The Mesa, Arizona experience 2000 - Montgomery County, Maryland passes major tax incentive for fire sprinklers IFSA / NFSA


2002Publication of Scottsdale Report five year supplementUL and NFPA 13D require residential fire sprinklers to meet minimum density of 0.05 GPM/sq. ft.: 2002 Publication of Scottsdale Report five year supplement UL and NFPA 13D require residential fire sprinklers to meet minimum density of 0.05 GPM/sq. ft.


2003: 2003 Montgomery County Mandate Connecticut Option Law


2003 - Present: Many more communities undertake residential fire sprinkler initiatives either mandatory or voluntary via incentives Fire Team Tennessee Pilot Program Fire Team USA Program 2003 - Present


ROADBLOCKS TO RESIDENTIAL SPRINKLERS: ROADBLOCKS TO RESIDENTIAL SPRINKLERS


HYDRAULICSThe Fast Response Sprinkler: HYDRAULICS The Fast Response Sprinkler


COST: COST


INFRASTRUCTURE: INFRASTRUCTURE


WATER PURVEYOR: WATER PURVEYOR WATER DEPT.


HOME BUILDERS: HOME BUILDERS


Leading Causes of FireResidential Fire LoadDigging a Deeper HoleBreaking Ranks(Toll Brothers 35%): Leading Causes of Fire Residential Fire Load Digging a Deeper Hole Breaking Ranks (Toll Brothers 35%)


September 11, 2001(3025 Deaths)Fire Journal Sept/Oct 2001(3445 home fire deathsin 2000)That’s 420 more!: September 11, 2001 (3025 Deaths) Fire Journal Sept/Oct 2001 (3445 home fire deaths in 2000) That’s 420 more!


BUILDING OFFICIALS: BUILDING OFFICIALS ANYTOWN BUILDING DEPARTMENT


BUILDING CODES: BUILDING CODES International Code Council National Fire Protection Association.


FIRE CHIEFS: FIRE CHIEFS


FIRE MARSHALS: FIRE MARSHALS


FIREFIGHTERS: FIREFIGHTERS


INSTALLERS: INSTALLERS JD SPRINKLER CO.


LITTLE OR NO EXPECTATION OF FIRE PROTECTION FEATURES IN A NEW HOME!: LITTLE OR NO EXPECTATION OF FIRE PROTECTION FEATURES IN A NEW HOME!


PUBLIC POLICY MAKERS: PUBLIC POLICY MAKERS


OTHER GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS: OTHER GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS


INCENTIVES: INCENTIVES SAVINGS INSURANCE TAXES HR 1131 S 512


Look Up for Safety: Look Up for Safety Fire Sprinklers Save Lives and Money Presented By: Jim Dalton – Director of Public Fire Protection - NFSA


Pertinent Questions About Fires: Pertinent Questions About Fires 1. How many people die annually from fires ? 2. Who are the victims ? 3. Where do they die ? 4. When do they die ? 5. How do they die ? 6. List one concern you have about fire sprinklers.


Slide42: A Typical Residential Fire Scenario From the time a fire starts, smoke detectors may operate within one minute. Room temperatures at the ceiling when flashover occurs can reach 1,400 degrees. Flashover can occur within 4 minutes from the time a fire starts. From the time a fire starts, you generally will have less than five minutes to get out alive.


Your Fire Scenario: Your Fire Scenario 0 1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 TIME LINE (minutes) A fire starts in your home and you are awakened by the smoke detector. Flashover Occurs Ceiling temperature 1,400 degrees


Slide44: 0 1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 A fire starts in your home and you are awakened by the smoke detector. TIME LINE (minutes) Fire is accessed and water is now being applied to the fire Count heads, notify neighbor, wake them, call fire dept. Alert family of fire Flashover Occurs 911 notifies fire dept. and fire dept. responds


U.S. Fire StatisticsSource NFPA Fire Journal Sept -Oct - 2005: U.S. Fire Statistics Source NFPA Fire Journal Sept -Oct - 2005 Over 1.55 Million Fires More Than 3,900 Civilian Deaths 17,785 Thousand Civilian Injuries Over 8.3 Billion Dollars in Property Loss Total Cost of Fire Exceeds 88 Billion Dollars


Additional Fire Facts: Additional Fire Facts Every 82 seconds fire occurs in a U.S. residence. Every 31 minutes a civilian is injured by fire. Eight out of ten fire deaths occur in the home.


U.S. Residential Fire Problem*: U.S. Residential Fire Problem* A fire every 82 seconds 83% of fire deaths 80% of fire injuries 72% of structure fire property damage 36% of fire-ground firefighter deaths *2004 NFPA


Fire Death and Injuries in One- & Two-family Dwellings*  (Percentage of Residential): Fire Death and Injuries in One- & Two-family Dwellings* (Percentage of Residential) Fire deaths: 83% Fire injuries: 74% Fire property damage: 83% Fireground firefighter deaths: 70% *2004 NFPA


Slide49: Young children, older adults, and physically and mentally challenged people face the highest risk of injury or death in residential fires. Too often, people fail to respond appropriately to the sound of a smoke detector, because they assume it is a false alarm. Rather that exiting the building, they search to confirm the existence of a fire, wasting the few precious minutes they may have to escape. More Fire Facts


Fire Triangle: Fire Triangle Fuel Oxygen Heat Fire


Fire Safety: Fire Safety


Fire Safety: Fire Safety Prevention a


Fire Safety: Fire Safety Prevention Early Warning and Exit Drills a a


Fire Safety: Fire Safety Prevention Protection a a a Early Warning and Exit Drills


What are Fire Sprinklers ?: What are Fire Sprinklers ? “Automatic Sprinklers are individually heat activated devices that are attached to a network of piping with water under pressure” Fire Sprinkler Piping Water Under Pressure


How Do They Work ?: How Do They Work ? 15 ft. 15 ft.


Fire Sprinklers DoWork!: Fire Sprinklers Do Work!


Sprinkler Impact on Life Safety: Sprinkler Impact on Life Safety Health Care Hotels & Manufacturing Facilities Motels Deaths Per Thousand Fires


Sprinkler Impact On Property Damage: Sprinkler Impact On Property Damage Dollar Loss Per Fire (millions) Manufacturing Stores & Public Hotels & Offices Assembly Motels 12,900 27,800 10,500 18,000 6,200 16,100 4,500 10,200


Where areSprinklersFound ?: Where are Sprinklers Found ?


What do FireSprinklers Cost ?: What do Fire Sprinklers Cost ? New Construction $.93 to $2.00 per sq. ft. Existing Buildings ( Increase by 50 % )


Who Installs Fire Sprinklers ?: Who Installs Fire Sprinklers ? JD's Sprinklers The Sprinkler Professionals Special Qualifications are Required


What are ResidentialSprinklers ?: What are Residential Sprinklers ?


How are Residential Sprinklers Different ?: How are Residential Sprinklers Different ? Respond Approx. 5 Times Faster Less Water Needed Different Water Application Lower Cost to Install More Aesthetically Pleasing


How They Work!: How They Work!


ResidentialSprinklers Do Work !: Residential Sprinklers Do Work ! YES !!


Sprinkler Activations Per Fire: Sprinkler Activations Per Fire 365 326 32 7


Slide68: Pictures of sprinklers


What do Residential Sprinklers Cost ?: What do Residential Sprinklers Cost ? Average cost of 1% - 1.5% of new construction 1 1 1 1 ONE DOLLAR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ONE


National Institute of Standards and Technology: National Institute of Standards and Technology “Estimates that installing smoke detectors and residential sprinklers in dwellings could reduce fire fatalities by eighty two percent.” 0 1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 A fire starts in your home and you are awakened by the smoke detector. Ceiling temperature 165 degrees TIME LINE (minutes) Residential Fire Sprinklers Operate


“Look Up For Safety”: “Look Up For Safety” In the Future … Where you : live work or play Because Fire Sprinklers Save Lives and Money, Protect what You Value Most.


Slide72: Tradition Heritage Dogma Legacy