Renewable Project Overview

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DenEB Solutions Together we seek Carbon Asset Management Services Project overview www.vsmprojects.com info@vsmprojects.com

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Initiative towards greener tomorrow

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We are professionally managed organization by a highly regarded and experienced Team providing customized solutions in the field of Project Consultancy with carbon credit. Ambit of our services News, Information, Analysis Renewable Energy Project Consultancy CDM Handholding, Marketing & Consulting Carbon Neutral Program Documentation Services for CDM & CCX Projects Generation of CERs, VERs, CFIs Sales of CERs / VERs / CFIs About Us

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Together we support maximum a clean ,green and eco friendly way of Life As responsible citizens in charge of business activities, we need to contribute towards safeguarding the climatic equilibrium of earth An overview on services Identification, feasibility, applicability and potential Provide technology which is efficient , tested and proven Objective

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Renewable Energy Projects & Allied Services: Wind Biomass Biomethanation Waste Heat Recovery Bio Fuel Refinery Energy Efficient Cold Chain Management

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Punjab Energy Development Association (PEDA) Bio Methanation – Power Plant 1MW Capacity ( Renewable) Ajanta Papers Replacing Fossil fuel to Bio Mass (Renewable) Khimani Distilleries Bio Methanation – Capturing methane from effluent water and using for fuel Heubach Colors Using Natural Gas for Power Generation Waste Heat Recovery Kanoria Chemicals Bio Methanation – Capturing methane and using for Power Generation Waste Heat Recovery CO2 Capturing and Bottling Few of our Current Projects

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Developed countries in the Kyoto Protocol accepted a cap of their total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions India, China & Brazil have negotiated that their emissions will still be allowed to grow Prelude

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December 1-11, 1997, more than 160 nations met in Kyoto, Japan, to negotiate binding limitations on Green House Gases (GHGs’) for the developed nations, pursuant to the objectives of the Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1992. The outcome of the meeting was the Kyoto Protocol, in which the developed nations agreed to limit their GHGs’ emissions, relative to the levels emitted in 1990. It came into effect on 16 February,2005 Kyoto Protocol

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Kyoto Protocol established three mechanisms to supplement national actions to achieve real, long term, measurable and cost effective GHG reductions: CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) International Emission Trading (IET) Joint Implementation (JE) Kyoto Protocol – Cont..

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Green House Gas (GHG) Global Warming Potential (GWP) Carbon-di-Oxide (CO2) 1 Methane (CH4) 21 Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 310 Per Fluoro Carbons (PFCs) Upto 9,500 Hydro Fluoro Carbons (HFCs) Upto 11,700 Sulphur Hexa Flouride (SF6) 23,900 Human activities are increasing the concentration of Green House Gases (GHGs’) in the atmosphere This enhances green house effect, commonly known As “Climate Change” GHG & Climate Change

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For ages, cow’s excreta traditionally have been used as manure in the fields, but they are also a source of viable energy- bio gas, which can reduce greenhouse emissions, significantly. Being used in various developing countries for over three decades now, biomass has a lot of potential to reduce carbon footprint. By capturing and storing CO2 from biogas into the ground, the biogas becomes carbon negative and scrubs our past CO2 emissions out of the atmosphere. Bio Methanation - Introduction

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It is a booming renewable energy sector with an average growth of 25% - 30 % annually. Electricity produced from biogas is playing an integral part to the global energy market. Investments leapt to around $100bn in 2006. In the UK, government’s drive to develop renewable resources has resulted in 600 megawatts of contracted capacity. Methane produced by decomposing organic matter in landfill sites is used to generate enough electricity to power 350,000 households. Booming with Energy

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A relatively simple method, biodegradation of organic matter, be it municipal solid waste, sewage sludge or any other bio degradable waste, takes place under oxygen free conditions. The anaerobic bacteria, decomposes the organic matter and a gas which is 60% methane and carbon dioxide, is produced. It can be compared with natural gas which is 99% methane How Bio gas is made? The origin of biogas largely affects its composition. The gas collected from a landfill site has around 50% methane. Widely considered as CO2 neutral, the gas does not emit additional green house gases. This saves the farmers from the problem of solid waste disposal and in turn the energy derived is a substantial form of renewable energy.

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Typical plant layout

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Cow dung gas is 55-65% methane, 30-35% carbon dioxide, with some hydrogen, nitrogen and other traces Its heating value is around 600 B.T.U. per cubic foot. Cow dung slurry is composed of 1.8-2.4% nitrogen (N2), 1.0-1.2% phosphorus (P2O5), 0.6-0.8% potassium (K2O) and 50-75% organic humus. One cubic foot of gas can be generated from one pound of cow manure at around 28°C. This is enough gas to cook a day’s meals for 4-6 people in India. 1.7 cubic meters of biogas equals one liter of gasoline. The manure produced by one cow in one year can be converted to methane which is the equivalent of over 200 liters of gasoline. Gas engines require about 0.5 m3 of methane per horsepower per hour generation Facts of cow dung

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Treated wastewater meets government discharge standards Provides innovative financing using carbon credits Reduces or eliminates odor and groundwater pollution Provides employment, generate power Reduces reliance on wastewater lagoons and ponds Dewater the sludge to produce organic fertilizer for sale Bio energy benefits - Upshot

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All the abovementioned projects figures are subjective Parameters / components of project vary with inputs, geographical location, climatic conditions, technology, etc. The cost is indicative, and will be confirmed only after analyzing all necessary details received from client Land requirement is ~ 30 to 35 acres for complete set up of stable, for biomethanation & power plant 2.5 acres (cost of land is extra) BEP (Break Even Point) of the project usually is 24 months, considering Carbon Credit benefits + Power revenue ROI (Return Over Investment) ratio is ~ 17% (indicative) Project statistics (Typical)

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India has vast potential for Wind Power Projects Our team of technocrats & ground staff with international experience & expertise is able to execute projects in any corner of the world We have land availability @ C-WET (Nodal Agency for Renewable Energy in India) identified locations Potential ~ > 1500 MW Wind power project

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We provide single window services to our valued clients to execute project Land availability ~ > 2000 Acres Administrative follow-ups Liaison with government agencies Technical feasibility studies of site Support Installation, Pre-commissioning and commissioning of wind turbines, towers, electric sub-station for power evacuation, maintenance of the site & equipments, etc. Single window services

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Executive Summary of Self Financed Wind Power Project in India – a reference

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Capacity of the Project: 10 MW (10000 KW) Pay back time: 7.5 years (conventionally by selling power to GRID) Pay Back time: 6 years (with CDM Benefits) Internal Rate of Return: >15.12% Average Operational Cost per Unit (20 Years): Euro 0.01 Project Details

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Average consumption rate (20 years): Euro 0.054/- per unit* (subject to local govt. policy) Generation units for 20 years: 340 Million Units Sales Revenue for 20 Years: 2,08,32,727 Euros Carbon Credit Benefit for 20 years: 75,00,000 Euros (@ present market value of CER) Project Details – Cont…

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Total Savings in 20 years: 1,74,94,545 Euros Cost of Project inclusive of land procurement on lease for 25 years, wind mills, electric sub-station, connection with GRID (local electricity board’s power supply station), PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) with government, liaison with concerned departments, installation & commissioning of the wind mills, cabling, will be ~ appox.15 Million Euros Project Details – Cont…

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provided, we control Carbon Emissions. Growth is a continuous process Thank You… www.vsmprojects.com info@vsmprojects.com