Progress in Establishing an Underground Lab at Homestake: Kevin T. Lesko for the Homestake Collaboration Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics Progress in Establishing an Underground Lab at Homestake Many more details giving at Joe Wang’s lecture series


Homestake Exec: Milind Diwan - BNL Ken Lande - Penn Bob Lanou - Brown Hitoshi Murayama - UCB Bill Roggenthen - SDSMT Joe Wang - LBNL Herb Wang - UW Dave Snyder - SDSTA Homestake Exec


Challenges and Opportunities for Homestake & DUSEL: Common to many sites The Site Depth Title Environmental and Permitting Water Science & Time Scale Challenges and Opportunities for Homestake & DUSEL


Goals: Low risk and Safe Follow the Science Break the chicken-egg cycle -- need experiments but need a site first Excellent State Support Comprehensive site Cost Effective Complementary Roles - Science and State Goals


Slide5: Expedient access to ~20 cubic kilometers of rock mass, depths to 4850 feet, many existing spaces and excavations suited for science in the near term 4850 Laboratory open by 2007


Evolving Campus with PDK: Evolving Campus with PDK UNO Detector Early Clean Campus Later Clean Campus Later Dirty Campus Early Dirty Campus


Depth: Near term access from surface to 4850 feet below ground by 2007 Re-establish access to > 8000 feet as part of the DUSEL process ~ 2009 Many rooms available on this time scale to be adapted for stationary experiments ~ 60 levels available from surface to 8000 for extended earth science investigations Depth


Early Implementation Plan: To preserve Homestake for DUSEL need to address water, title, access. Plan was established and vetted last year to: obtain title to the facility regain access to the facility deal with the water (upper water immediately ~ 2/3 of the 700 g/min), ensure lower water refurbish lifts and shafts (Ross and Yates) establish an interim facility at 4850 and above start science early! establish a plan for growth into a national facility Early Implementation Plan


Title: Barrick and South Dakota agreed to the transfer of the property in January 2004, in Feb. 2005 this was expanded to include the 4850 “early lab” SDSTA, Barrick and the State Government (Governor’s office) are in the final stages of the process to implement the transfer and to amend the “Agreement in Principle” to suit the 4850 lab Governor’s Office is enthusiastic & anxious to pursue state funding sources as soon as the “Agreement” is completed Process should reach closure according the original schedule - title expected to be secured by October 2005 Title


Permitting and EPA: Water discharge permits have been obtained, extension of the current permits obtained by Barrick and transfered to SDSTA Mine closure plan vetted by EPA several years ago, including site inspections Permitting and EPA


Water: Not uncommon to have water of this magnitude in a mine, 2/3 from the surface Cycles of Flooding and dewatering are not uncommon Water quality not likely to significantly degrade the infrastructure (pH neutral water) Important to preserve the 4850 level Implementation plan deals with this Water


Water: Pumps shut off in ~ May 2003 6800 level was crossed Nov 2004 ~ month behind expectations 6200 has not yet been crossed Expected to cross 4850 late 2007-early 2008, if nothing is done in the mean time Water


Time Line: TABLE 1 Homestake DUSEL Laboratory Development Schedule. Items marked with ✓ have been completed ✓ January 12, 2004 ТAgreement in PrincipleУ between Barrick and SDSTA to transfer mine. ✓ February 11 2004 Legislature passes necessary enabling and appropriation legislation to effectuate transfer and provisions in the Agreement in Principle. ✓ July 2004 State funds $14.3M to enable site transfer and operate SDSTA ✓ February 1, 2005 SDSTA Board approves development of fiscal and management plan (Implementation Plan) for 4850 level laboratory ✓ February 16, 2005 Barrick confirms establishment of the 4850 level laboratory satisfies the definition of laboratory in the Agreement in Principle ✓ February 25, 2005 SDSTA initiates application for a water discharge permits with the South Dakota Department of Environmental and Natural Resources (DENR) ✓ February 28, 2005 Submission of Homestake S-2 Response to the NSF May 15, 2005 4850 level Laboratory Implementation Plan submitted to the SDSTA Board June 15, 2005 Implementation Plan accepted by SDSTA, State of South Dakota and Barrick. June 15, 2005 Request for Letters of Interest July 15, 2005 Funds for the 4850 level laboratory access are secured August 25, 2005 DENR Water discharge permits received by the SDSTA August 2005 Review of S-2 submission. 1st round of workshops gathering experimental requirements and criteria for the science and education and outreach programs October 1, 2005 Transfer of the Homestake site from Barrick to SDSTA completed October 1, 2005 Begin work on site rehabilitation and the 4850 level laboratory access January 1, 2006 2nd round of workshops defining engineering plan for Scientific Programs, Education and Outreach and Deep Lab Development May 1, 2006 4850 level ready for construction of new experimental chambers and/or occupancy of existing chambers November 1 2006 Complete modifications to existing underground 4850 space and begin experiments Time Line


Progress: TABLE 1 Homestake DUSEL Laboratory Development Schedule. Items marked with ✓ have been completed ✓ January 12, 2004 ТAgreement in PrincipleУ between Barrick and SDSTA to transfer mine. ✓ February 11 2004 Legislature passes necessary enabling and appropriation legislation to effectuate transfer and provisions in the Agreement in Principle. ✓ July 2004 State funds $14.3M to enable site transfer and operate SDSTA ✓ February 1, 2005 SDSTA Board approves development of fiscal and management plan (Implementation Plan) for 4850 level laboratory ✓ February 16, 2005 Barrick confirms establishment of the 4850 level laboratory satisfies the definition of laboratory in the Agreement in Principle ** this is key, but required some work on the “Agreement” ✓ February 25, 2005 SDSTA initiates application for a water discharge permits with the South Dakota Department of Environmental and Natural Resources (DENR) ✓ February 28, 2005 Submission of Homestake S-2 Response to the NSF ✓ May 15, 2005 4850 level Laboratory Implementation Plan submitted to the SDSTA Board June 15, 2005 Implementation Plan accepted by SDSTA, State of South Dakota and Barrick. June 15, 2005 Request for Letters of Interest July 15, 2005 Funds for the 4850 level laboratory access are secured ✓ August 25, 2005 DENR Water discharge permits received by the SDSTA ✓ August 2005 Review of S-2 submission. 1st round of workshops gathering experimental requirements and criteria for the science and education and outreach programs October 1, 2005 Transfer of the Homestake site from Barrick to SDSTA completed October 1, 2005 Begin work on site rehabilitation and the 4850 level laboratory access January 1, 2006 2nd round of workshops defining engineering plan for Scientific Programs, Education and Outreach and Deep Lab Development May 1, 2006 4850 level ready for construction of new experimental chambers and/or occupancy of existing chambers November 1 2006 Complete modifications to existing underground 4850 space and begin experiments Progress Iterations and refinement }


Slide15: ✓ February 28, 2005 Submission of Homestake S-2 Response to the NSF ✓ May 15, 2005 4850 level Laboratory Implementation Plan submitted to the SDSTA Board June 15, 2005 Implementation Plan accepted by SDSTA, State of South Dakota and Barrick ** in progress and nearing completion (final review) ** June 15, 2005 Request for Letters of Interest ** probably August or Sept, now for the first call for LOIs ** July 15, 2005 Funds for the 4850 level laboratory access are secured ** state is poised to proceed as soon as title is obtained ** ✓ August 25, 2005 DENR Water discharge permits received by the SDSTA ✓ August 2005 Review of S-2 submission. 1st round of workshops gathering experimental requirements and criteria for the science and education and outreach programs **Workshop in September/October 2005** October 1, 2005 Transfer of the Homestake site from Barrick to SDSTA completed ** still a valid date, assuming final site surveys are completed on time ** October 1, 2005 Begin work on site rehabilitation and the 4850 level laboratory access ** delay until spring, with small or little affect on opening date ** (not working in winter, increase state, complete plans, competitive bid the plans) January 1, 2006 2nd round of workshops defining engineering plans for Science, E & O May 1, 2006 4850 level ready for construction of new chambers, occupancy existing chambers ** 2nd 1/2 2006 November 1 2006 Complete modifications to existing space and begin experiments ** early 2007**


Focus of S-2: Build nation-wide support for Underground Workshops to assess the needs, timeline, requirements of science and E&O Request near-term and long term LOIs Develop and “engineer” science and education program Develop concept for deep lab and expansion of Homestake Focus of S-2


Plan of 4850 level: Plan of 4850 level Existing Space at 4850 for: Prototyping Low Background Labs Nuclear Astrophysics


Who Can Use it?: Who Can Use it? Near Term: Surface to 4850 hydrology, geology, geochemistry Rock deformation studies using drifts and shafts Studies of the cratonic crust through 20 km3 Searches for life and exotic biology including initial microbial investigations Investigations of flow path delineation in heterogeneous geological settings & ground water studies/models Characterizations of facture mapping, stress measurements and ground water chemistry Thermal-mechanical-hydrological couplings across many orders of magnitude in scale Longer Term: Systematic searches for and characterizations of life Long term and large scale characterizations and expts. Carbon Sequestration Earth Science, Biology and Engineering


Who Can Use it?: Who Can Use it? Near Term: Cosmic Rays Studies Low Level Counting Prototyping, Materials Production for Double Beta Decay Dark Matter Next Generation Dark Matter Next Generation Double Beta Decay Nuclear Astrophysics Begin work on Proton Decay & Long Baseline Longer Term: Continued operation of DM, DBD Solar Neutrinos CP violation Long Baseline PDK Supernovae monitors Physics Uses


Slide20: NB: to complete the rehabilitation, including complete dewatering, providing safe access to 8000 feet: $50 M 15 month Additional Room Construction: Competitively priced, would use fraction of original hoisting capacity of the mine (7000 T/day) Initial engineering studies support massive room construction feasible at 7400 level Identified excavated rock disposal sites Water permits initiated