38006461

Some Lessons from theE-Government Peer Review of Turkey : 

Some Lessons from the E-Government Peer Review of Turkey E-government and Development Bruno Lanvin Senior Advisor for e-Strategies Regional Coordinator for Europe and Central Asia GICT The World Bank Paris, 12 December 2006

Basic Data on Turkey: 

Basic Data on Turkey Main indicators Turkey EU-25 Population (millions) 72 461 Individual Internet use (%) 14 50 Businesses with broadband access 52 63 Broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 1.2 N/A EU-12 citizen services maturity level (%) 55 68* EU-8 Business services maturity index 84 86* Rate of electronic submission of tax declarations -by citizens (%) 55 N/A -by businesses (%) 69 N/A Refers to EU-28 Main Driver for E-Government Public sector efficiency

A few more indicators: 

A few more indicators Turkey still has a relatively low international broadband access (0.16 Mbps/10,000h) By comparison, USA = 13.13, France = 33.50, UK = 53.88, Sweden = 105.91 and Denmark = 202.60 Turkey has been improving its connectivity steadily over the last 5 years (48th in 2006) In WEF’s GITR Network Readiness Index list, Turkey has been moving up steadily (56th in 2004, 52nd in 2005 and 48th in 2006) Algeria n.a. Egypt 0.20 Jordan 0.55 Morocco 0.41 Tunisia 0.44 Algeria 77 Egypt 76 Jordan 56 Morocco 78 Tunisia 35

Major Findings: 

Major Findings Turkey is in the primary stages of implementing e-gov, but has made strong progress by prioritising high value (mostly G2B) e-services and shared resources (e.g. e-certification, central registers) Ensuring continued returns on investment will require more use of standard business cases and project performance management (M&E) Leadership of e-government implementation in public sector should be broadened (e.g. local government) and deepened (e.g. ministries) Fostering a Turkish information Society requires additional initiatives to stimulate literacy, Internet use, service takeup, and e-commerce

Additional findings: 

Additional findings Turkey’s approach to e-government has been client-centric (citizens and businesses) It has benefited from the existence of a central agency (SPO) It could have benefited from a more visible level of leadership across government agencies Its progress has sometimes been slowed by the legal process surrounding it Digital divide issues (rural-urban e.g.) and low broadband penetration could be an obstacle to further development and takeup of egov services

Proposals for Action: 

Proposals for Action Complement hard regulatory approach with a soft regulatory framework working with private sector Develop performance monitoring and evaluation systems with standard guidance Create high level responsibility for implementation in Ministries Determine return on investment ex ante and ex post Make stronger efforts to reduce digital divide Improve project, ICT and change management skills Develop enterprise architecture Encourage collaboration among levels of government

Framework for ICT in Government: 

Framework for ICT in Government Citizens, Businesses, Government, Civil Society Financial Mgmt Education Health Energy/Transport Horizontals [Interoperability, Security…] Verticals [Business models Multi-channel service delivery] Policies, Laws, Regulations, Institutions, Standards, Knowledge Customs/Tax Land Admin Shared infrastructure Shared Services

Points for other countries: 

Points for other countries Turkey has put high priority on developing high value/high volume e-services, sector information networks and basic registers A two-year action plan allowed Turkey to get a running start while developing a longer-term strategy Turkey is addressing digital divide issues through ambitious and comprehensive school learning program with equipment, training, and materials

Slide9: 

Fully Public Sector Fully Private Sector Service Contracts Operate, Maintain Lease Build Operate and Invest BOT concession Agreeing Frameworks, Regulatory Dialogue Covenants Passive Private Investment (Govt Bonds) Joint Ventures Co-ownership Co-responsibility Passive public Investments Equity, Debt guarantees Grants Privatization Public Private Provider Enabler & Regulator Investment Responsibility Government Role Spectrum of Public Private Partnerships

Issues faced by Turkey: 

Issues faced by Turkey Turkey has focused on developing high value, high volume services. Does such an approach conflict with a digital inclusion agenda? Turkey is a geographically large country with low broadband penetration. Is ubiquitous, high-speed Internet a prerequisite for e-government development? Turkey’s local governments are just beginning to implement e-services. Would providing generic services centrally crowd out local innovation? If Turkey decides to consider the experience of other countries in adopting robust business models for the provision of e-government services, which would be of particular interest (e.g. in terms of private-public partnerships, outsourcing, fee-based public services) ?

E-gov & Public Sector Reform: 

Enabling Good Governance Civil Service Capacity Buiding Improving Transparency and Accountability Citizen Focused Services E-gov & Public Sector Reform

Lessons Learnt: 

Lessons Learnt Ways to fail Promote e-Government as a government centered effort Over-emphasize verticals Merely replace paper-based processes by electronic ones Focus on technology centric solutions Fail to monitor and evaluate Ways to go Focus e-government on users Pay attention to change management Emphasize enterprise architecture and interoperability Adopt shared infrastructure and applications Use institutional innovations (such as PPPs)

Thank you: 

Thank you blanvin@worldbank.org