buchner

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Wave Impacts due to Steep Fronted Waves: 

Wave Impacts due to Steep Fronted Waves Bas Buchner and Arjan Voogt

Damage to Schiehallion Bow: 

Damage to Schiehallion Bow Early storm, max ship response 2-6 hours later Estimated sea state: Hs=14m Tp=11s Severe steepness

Experiments on floating FPSO: 

Experiments on floating FPSO segmented bow

Schematic bow tests: 

Schematic bow tests

Typical stages during impact: 

Typical stages during impact

Spatial wave profile: 

time step between profiles is 0.31 s MWL 6 m R4 R5 R3 R2 R1 R6 Spatial wave profile

Time trace of wave steepness: 

Time trace of wave steepness

Vertical Free Surface Velocity: 

Vertical Free Surface Velocity

Time trace of dz/dt: 

Time trace of dz/dt Significant wave impact time [s] Vertical free surface velocity [m/s]

Wave modeling to get dz/dt: 

Wave modeling to get dz/dt

Exceedance probability : 

Exceedance probability Vertical free surface velocity [m/s] Probability of Exceedance

Local impulse versus : 

Local impulse versus

Conclusions: 

Conclusions Wave steepness drives the impact Linear wave theory underestimates wave steepness 2nd order wave theory results in improved prediction Good probabilistic models needed to predict extreme wave steepness