105 obrien p

Uploaded from authorPOINTLite
Views:
 
Category: Education
     
 

Presentation Description

No description available.

Comments

Presentation Transcript

AGC and Manual Control of the Saturn V Booster: 

AGC and Manual Control of the Saturn V Booster Frank O’Brien Infoage Science/History Learning Center

Necessary Background: 

Necessary Background Overview of Saturn V Instrument Unit Apollo Guidance Computer / DAP Flight controls in the Apollo CM Abort Boundaries Saturn V takeover options Crew Simulator Experience

Instrument Unit: 

Instrument Unit IU being lowered on top of S-IVB All components located along inside wall of IU

Saturn Instrument Unit: 

Saturn Instrument Unit All booster guidance and control Platform: 3-axis stabilized, ST-124M Launch Vehicle Digital Computer Single thread programming “Time Bases” define mission phases Triply Redundant 32Kx28 bits, serial bus, 82us add time

Apollo CM Flight Controls: 

Apollo CM Flight Controls Apollo Guidance Computer DSKY P11: Boost Monitor Digital Autopilot Flight Director Attitude Indicator Main Console Switches Rotational Hand Controller

Apollo Guidance Computer: 

Apollo Guidance Computer Fully multiprogramming, interrupt driven Primary G&C interface Intuitive user interface Verb-Noun communication language Verbs: Action to be taken Nouns: Data to be acted on by Verb Boost Monitor: Program 11

Display and Keyboard (DSKY): 

Display and Keyboard (DSKY)

AGC Digital Autopilot: 

AGC Digital Autopilot Fully implemented in software DAP runs continuously in background Input parameters Spacecraft configuration, weight Attitude deadband RCS Jet preferences Takeover configuration preloaded

AGC Program 11: 

AGC Program 11 Independently monitors boost phase Calculates attitude errors Displayed on FDAI error needles Displays velocity, altitude and H-dot Optionally displays orbital parameters (!) Is able to assume Saturn V takeover

Flight Director Attitude Indicator: 

Flight Director Attitude Indicator Primary spacecraft attitude indicator Modeled after traditional “8-ball” 4” ball with attitude markings Attitude error needles across face Not unlike pilot’s ILS needles Rotational rate pointer along sides

Flight Director Attitude Indicator: 

Flight Director Attitude Indicator

Apollo CM Console Switches: 

Apollo CM Console Switches

Apollo CM Console Switches: 

Apollo CM Console Switches

Boost Monitor Cue Card: 

Boost Monitor Cue Card

Saturn V Takeover: 

Saturn V Takeover LV Guidance light LVDC detects an unrecoverable error LV Rate light Excessive launch vehicle rates Pitch, Yaw > 5 deg/sec, Roll > 20 deg/sec Note: Abort region varies T-0 -> T+120 sec - Pitch, yaw: 4 deg/sec Remainder of boost - Pitch, yaw: 9 deg/sec

Takeover Options (1): 

Takeover Options (1) LVDC failure during Open Loop guidance Abort! (Automatic) No Time-Tilt routine in AGC No means to stage S-1C/S-II Simulator experience Bending, sloshing, shear difficult to control Insufficient control authority for gimbal hardover

Takeover Options (2): 

Takeover Options (2) Much easier in Closed Loop guidance LV Guidance light Switch to CMC from IU control Manual S-II / S-IVB staging required LV Rate light Usually with LV Guid light Possibly gimbal hardover or LVDC failure DSKY Verb 46 to enable manual control

Manual Control Complications: 

Manual Control Complications Saturn V is hardly a rigid body Bending Moment Flexible structure, especially S-1C Manual control authority during Time Base 1 and 2 may exceed max bending moment Propellant Sloshing Significant for S-1C LOX & RP-1, S-II LOX Aerodynamics / wind shear

Simulation of Manual Control: 

Simulation of Manual Control High-fidelity simulator built at Ames Performance criteria (earth orbit) Delta H 1 Nautical Mile Delta H-dot 45 feet/sec Delta V 10 Feet/sec Simulated performance well within criteria!

Backup (NASA NTRS): 

Backup (NASA NTRS) AC Delco Apollo 15 G&C manual AS-503 Flight Manual Astronics Systems of Saturn LV’s Astronics Systems Handbook/Saturn LV Description of Saturn G&C Saturn 1B / V Astronics systems Saturn V Manual Guidance Saturn V LVDC Description Apollo CSM Operations Handbook, Vol. 1