Means and variability of nutrient concentrationsa in biosolids collected and analyzed in Pennsylvania between 1993 and 1997 From Stehouwer, R.C., A.M. Wolf, and W.T. Doty. 2000. Chemical monitoring of sewage sludge in Pennsylvania: Variability and application uncertainty. J. Environ. Qual. 29:1686-1695.:
Means and variability of nutrient concentrationsa in biosolids collected and analyzed in Pennsylvania between 1993 and 1997 From Stehouwer, R.C., A.M. Wolf, and W.T. Doty. 2000. Chemical monitoring of sewage sludge in Pennsylvania: Variability and application uncertainty. J. Environ. Qual. 29:1686-1695.
Slide26:
Vector Attraction Reduction
Objective: to prevent disease vectors such as rodents, birds, and insects from transporting pathogens away from the land application site.
Ten options available to demonstrate that land-applied biosolids meet vector attraction reduction requirements. Two general approaches:
Reducing the attractiveness of the biosolids to vectors with specified organic matter decomposition processes (digestion, alkaline addition) .
Preventing vectors from coming into contact with the biosolids (biosolids injection or incorporation below the soil surface within specified time periods).