JohnHimmel WSDOT

Slide2: 

2,978 Bridges @ $40+ Billion Value 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1910 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 Number of Bridges $7.1 Billion $11.4 Billion $6.3 Billion Start of Interstate Program 1995 2000 2003 Bridge Inventory by Age 163 bridges (1.0 million sq ft) > 75 years old 544 bridges (6.1 million sq ft) 50-75 years old 2,271 bridges (36.2 million sq ft) 0-50 years old Average Age is 40 years

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Washington State Facts Land Area 66,544 sq miles Population (2005) 6,287,759 {4.3 million west of cascades}

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Shallow Earthquakes (Within the upper 10 miles of the Earth’s surface) Deep Earthquakes (10 - 60 miles) Subduction Earthquakes Washington State Earthquake Risks

Earthquakes in Washington: 

Earthquakes in Washington 1872 Lake Chelan Earthquake (M = 7.0) 1949 Olympia Earthquake (M = 7.1) 1965 Seattle-Tacoma Earthquake (M = 6.5) 2001 Nisqually Earthquake (M = 6.8) Washington State Earthquake Risks

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73 mile radius 2001 Nisqually EQ ----------------------------------- Bridge Inspections 73 mile radius 1,000+

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NISQUALLY KOBE NORTHRIDGE LOMA PRIETA Year 2001 1995 1994 1989 Magnitude 6.8 6.9 6.7 7.1 Peak Acceleration (a) 0.80 1.00 0.60 Depth of Rupture (km) 52.0 14.3 18.0 19.0 Duration (sec.) 11 9 8 Bridge Damage ($ x Millions) $5 $6,700 $300 $1,500 0.25 10 EARTHQUAKE COMPARISONS

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Program Summary – USGS Seismic Zones

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ZONE B ZONE C CLALLAM JEFFERSON GRAYS HARBOR MASON PACIFIC WAHKIAKUM LEWIS THURSTON PIERCE COWLITZ CLARK SKAMANIA KLICKITAT YAKIMA BENTON WALLA WALLA KING SNOHOMISH SAN JUAN ISLAND SKAGIT WHATCOM KITTITAS CHELAN DOUGLAS OKANOGAN GRANT FRANKLIN ADAMS LINCOLN FERRY STEVENS WHITMAN PEND OREILLE SPOKANE COLUMBIA GARFIELD ASOTIN KITSAP Seismic Retrofit Program ZONE A

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Each bridge in Zone C and B evaluated for: Structure Type In-Span Hinge Simple Span Pier Type Column Type and Details Footing Type Abutment Type Program Summary – Bridge Evaluations Zone C Zone B

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Superstructure: In-span Hinges Simple Supports at Piers and Abutments Retrofit Techniques 1994 Northridge Ca - Simple Supported Span Failure 1994 Northridge Ca – In Span Hinge Failure

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Superstructure: In-span Hinges Simple Supports at Piers and Abutments Simple Supported Span In-Span Hinge Retrofit Techniques

Column Retrofit with Steel Jackets: 

Retrofit Techniques Column Retrofit with Steel Jackets 1994 Northridge Ca – Column Failure

Column Retrofit with Steel Jackets: 

Retrofit Techniques Column Retrofit with Steel Jackets

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Objectives: Minimize risk of bridge collapse Prioritize projects to minimize loss of life / commerce Keep Interstate / essential bridges open Accept moderate damage Perform lower cost work first Program Summary

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Priority Groups Superstructure Group Group-1 Bridges w/in-span Hinges Group-2 Bridges Simply Supported at Piers Major Bridges Substructure Group Group-3 Bridges w/Single Column Piers Group-4 Bridges w/Multiple Column Piers Program Summary Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 [Complete] [In-Progress] [Future]

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Program Summary – Major Bridges 25 Bridges that require special analysis to determine retrofit type (Movable bridges / Long Span bridges)

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Program Summary – Major Bridges SR99 Spokane St OC

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Program Summary – Major Bridges SR99 Spokane St OC

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Program Summary – Major Bridges SR99 George Washington Bridge (Aurora Ave)

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Program Summary – Major Bridges SR99 George Washington Bridge (Aurora Ave)

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Program Summary – Major Bridges SR99 George Washington Bridge (Aurora Ave)

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Program Summary – Major Bridges I-5 Ship Canal Lake Washington

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Structure Length : 11,157 ft. (2.1 Mile) Year Built – 1952 thru 1956 Average Daily Traffic = 100,000 Major Bridges - SR 99 Alaskan Way Viaduct

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Program Summary – Numbers of Bridges 710

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High Risk Seismic Zone Moderate Risk Seismic Zone July 1,2005 Transportation Partnerships New Revenue Law Seismic Retrofit 113 bridges $57 million Seismic Retrofit 59 bridges $30 million Program Status and Funding Washington State Legislature and Governor approved funding for additional Bridge Seismic Retrofit in the Puget Sound Area. High Risk includes bridges with a Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) greater or equal to 0.30% gravity in a design earthquake. Moderate Risk includes bridges with a Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) greater or equal to 0.25% and less than .30% gravity in a design earthquake. Funding begins July 1, 2007 and ends July 1, 2015.

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Remaining work costs are in year 2005 dollars and have not been adjusted for inflation. Program Status and Funding (191 Bridges) (3 Bridges) (80 Bridges) (634 Bridges)