Day 9 Agenda : Day 9 Agenda 09.15 Revision
09.45 Personal Protection Equipment
10.30 Break
10.45 Accident Investigation, RIDDOR, First Aid at Work
12.30 Lunch
1.30 Practical assessment Preparation
3.00 Break
3.15 Practical assessment Preparation Continued
4.15 Review and Link to Day 10
4.30 Course Close
Slide2 : P. P. E.
Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 : Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 Equipment designed to be worn or held by a person at work for protection against a specific risk (not ordinary work clothes)
Hazard to include inclement weather
Always look at ‘safe place controls’ first
PPE - last stage of control
Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 : Provision and suitability
Suitable for both Hazard and Ergonomically sound for the Person within the design range
Compatibility
Assessment of risks
Maintenance
Storage/ accommodation
Information, instruction, training
Use by employees, report defect
Replacement Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992
Considerations for Design and Use : Considerations for Design and Use Design
hazard & risk
required function
conditions
effective control without increasing overall risk
CE marked Wearer
health
capabilities
limitations
perception of the hazard
fit- ergonomic needs anatomy, av. size, comfort
Effectiveness / ‘Acceptability’ : Effectiveness / ‘Acceptability’ Comfort
Intrusion on personal comfort
Coping with discomfort & continued use
Perceived protection
Knowledge of hazard
Assessment of risk
Reinforced – Information Instructions and Training
Ease of use
Simple and easy to use
Close to hand
Exercise : Exercise In what circumstances should PPE be used?
How will you choose what PPE will be most suitable?
Will you be able to charge workers for it?
Consider footwear as an example
Respiratory Protection : Respiratory Protection Respirators
Filters, needs appropriate filter for contaminant / s
Require environment to support life
Positive and Negative pressures (problem with seal)
Breathing apparatus
Doesn’t need good wholesome air
Has a defined time / distance
Different types :
Umbilical air fed type
Cylinder type
Categories of PPE : Categories of PPE Head
eyes
ears
respiratory protection
Arm and hand
Body protection
Skin
Legs
Feet
Typical PPE Questions : Typical PPE Questions 1. Outline the factors to be considered in the correct selection of respiratory protection equipment for use at work (8)
2. a) Explain the difference between Breathing apparatus and Respirators(2)
b) Describe one type of breathing apparatus and state the limitations of its use (6)
Slide11 : Accident Investigation
Accident Investigation Definition : Accident Investigation Definition The Investigation should highlight the deficiencies in the interaction between :-
The Environment
Management Systems
Equipment
Personal Factors
The Task A “Systematic Observation, Analysis and Evaluation of
Events that have occurred which have caused damage to
People, Property and Product OR had the potential to
do so“.
Accident Investigation Outcomes : Accident Investigation Outcomes Specific Instructions by Management
Establishment of a Working Party
Issue of:
Codes of practice
New methods of work ( systems of work )
Identification of training needs
Task analysis
Provision of further information
Additional monitoring
Fines, Compensation, Insurance
Loss of work, orders, goodwill
Prohibition, Close Down
ALL COST, TIME, or RESOURCE
Accident Investigation General Points : Accident Investigation General Points Complete Investigation and report within 24 hours
Delegate investigation if busy
Never delay medical help to question an injured person
Ensure it is safe to interview, ask doctor / nurse
Injured person may be confused “state of shock”
Keep eye witnesses apart (not always reliable )
Interview separately
Clarify the difference between fact and opinion
Record as much factual detail as possible
positions, distances etc, ( Cameras both still and Video )
Retain items as evidence
Accidents / Ill Health: Investigation Procedure : Accidents / Ill Health: Investigation Procedure Report the Accident
Investigation Procedure
Establish the facts
Gather Information
Draw conclusions
Report the results
Prevent a recurrence
Investigation Sequence : Investigation Sequence Statutory and Other Notification
Site Visit
Record Physical details
Conduct Site Interviews
Conduct Off-Site Interviews
Draft a Report
Decide upon Remedial action
Produce the Final Report
Implement Remedial Action
Monitor Effectiveness
Feed back Information to Personnel involved
Accident Investigation Kit : Accident Investigation Kit Pen, Paper, Clipboard
Camera, Video
Tape and Rule
An Aide Memoir
Subjects to cover, questions to ask, and a Pro-forma sheet to record basic details e.g ; dates, times, weather, location, conditions, people etc
Tape recorder :- ( Advantages )
Accident Communication Sequence / Action : Accident Communication Sequence / Action ACCIDENT Dangerous
occurrence Fatal
Injury Reportable
Injury Reportable
Disease Inform
Inspectorate Inform
Police Inform HSE
Insurers Investigate, Record Details
Collate Report
Site Visit : Site Visit Immediate Site Visits are Very Important to :-
Familiarise yourself with the physical layout
If you don’t go, any conclusions will be from other peoples reports, which are open to misunderstanding and misinterpretation
Establish Site Activities
The type of work and operation
How many people, what grades etc
Materials and equipment used
Confirm with someone who would be familiar
Record Details of the Accident Site
A scaled picture is worth a thousand words
Facts, time, machine, task, speed,etc
Talk directly to the people to identify ‘how the accident happened’
Question whether you are at the’ True Accident Site’ ?
Investigation Procedure : Investigation Procedure P - people
E - equipment
M - materials
E - environment
Remember that the main reason for investigating accidents is to find out the facts and prevent a recurrence - NOT TO ALLOCATE BLAME
Information Required : Information Required WHO
Injured, witnesses, contributed to the accident
WHAT
Happened, the sequence of events (Direct / indirect causes)
Precautions taken, their adequacy
Applicable Regulations, ACoP’s Guidance etc applied
WHEN
Did the accident occur
Were individuals trained etc
WHERE
Did the accident occur
HOW
Did the accident happen, Can we prevent a recurrence
Slide22 : Domino Theory of Accident Events
Accident Causation : A B C Direct
Cause Indirect
Cause Underlying
Factors Accident Causation Root Cause
Accident Management Procedure. : Accident Management Procedure.
Who Reports ?
Who checks Contractors?
Line Manager Investigates !
Who checks after 3 days absence ?
What happens outside OH hours ? Accident TREATMENT IN OH DEPARTMENT OH
contacts line Manager if more info’ needed Employee sent back to work
OH contacts Line Manager Referral to Hospital
OH contacts Line Manager Sent home / GP
OH contacts Line Manager. Sent Home or Hospital
OH contacts Line Manager Line Manager: follow up,
RIDDOR, Ensure Employee
Reports to OH on return Employee reports to Line Manager, and
Occupational Health (OH) department
RIDDOR 98? : RIDDOR 98? Reportable to HSE or Local Authority :-
Fatalities, Major Injuries reported
by telephone immediately and F2508 sent within 10 days
Over Three Day injuries reported
by F2508 sent within 10 days
Dangerous Occurrences reported
by telephone immediately and F2508 sent within 10 days
Diseases reported
by sending report F2508A “forthwith”
Records of reports kept for 3 years
Major Injuries Reg 3(2) : Major Injuries Reg 3(2)
Fractures:
Except in finger, thumbs or toes
Dislocation:
Shoulder, hip, knee or spine
Amputation
Eyes:
Loss of sight, penetration, chemical or metal burn
Loss of consciousness
Illness:
Requiring medical treatment caused by exposure to chemical or pathogens
Admission to hospital for more than 24 hours
Slide27 : RIDDOR 98 “over three day”
Incapacity for work for more than three consecutive days not counting the day of the accident but including any days which would not normally be
worked.
In practise “more than three consecutive days” means at least 4 days.
Where someone returns to work but not carrying out work covered by their contract of employment then this is reportable
Reportable Diseases : Reportable Diseases
Calculation of Injury Incidence Rates : Calculation of Injury Incidence Rates Number of Reportable Accidents
Average number employed during year
100,000
Injury Rates Top Ten 1996/97 : Injury Rates Top Ten 1996/97
Limitations of Accident Data : Limitations of Accident Data Under-reporting
cheating
interpretation of an accident e.g. do you report physical contact or aggressive language?
Sample size is usually not statistically sound
one event can skew figures
long term trends take time to show
measurement of failure
ignore specifics e.g. tasks in an office compared to a factory environment
often don’t consider hours worked
Typical Accident Investigation Questions : Typical Accident Investigation Questions 1. Outline the immediate and longer term action that management should take following a serious injury accident at work (8)
2. Outline the information that should be included in an accident investigation (8)
3. Giving reasons in each case, identify FOUR categories of persons who may be considered a useful member of an internal accident investigation team (8)
Slide33 : First Aid at Work Regulations
Assessment of First Aid Need : Assessment of First Aid Need In assessing need, employers need to consider:
workplace hazards and risks
the size of the organisation
the organisation's history of accidents
the nature and distribution of the workforce
the remoteness of the site from emergency medical services
the needs of travelling, remote and lone workers
employees working on shared or multi-occupied sites
annual leave and other absences of first-aiders and appointed persons
High Risk Considerations : High Risk Considerations Where work involves particular risk (even if the number of workers is low) e.g. work with hazardous chemicals or machinery, first aid needs will be greater
Employers may need to :
provide a sufficient number of first-aiders so that someone is always available to give first aid immediately following an incident
train first-aiders in special procedures
inform the local emergency services, in writing,of the site where hazardous substances or processes are in use
provide first-aid room(s)
Minimum Contents of A First Aid Box : Minimum Contents of A First Aid Box Guidance
1 Individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings
2 Sterile eye pads with attachments
2 Triangular bandages
4 Safety pins
6 Medium sized sterile unmediated dressings
6 Large sterile unmediated wound dressings
2 Disposable Gloves
See ACoP
Remember Car Kits
Incident Recording : Incident Recording date, time and place of incident;
name and job of the injured or ill person;
details of the injury/illness and what first aid was given;
what happened to the person immediately afterwards (for example went home, went back to work, went to hospital);
name and signature of the first-aider or person dealing with the incident. Accident Date
Selection of First-Aiders : Selection of First-Aiders reliability, disposition and communication skills
aptitude and ability to absorb new knowledge and learn new skills
ability to cope with stressful and physically demanding emergency procedures
normal duties: these should be such that they may be left to go immediately and rapidly to an emergency
First-Aider Competencies : First-Aider Competencies First-Aiders need to be able to :
act safely, promptly and effectively when an emergency occurs at work to a patient who may :
cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
unconscious
wounded or bleeding
burned or scalded
injury to bones, muscles or joints
in shock
eye injury
poisoned
overcome by gas or fumes
First-Aider Competencies : First-Aider Competencies First-Aiders need to be able to :
transport a casualty safely as required by the circumstances of the workplace
recognise common major illnesses and take appropriate action
recognise minor illnesses and take appropriate action
maintain simple factual records and provide written information to a doctor or hospital if required
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the principles of first aid at work, in particular of:
the importance of personal hygiene in first-aid procedures
the legal framework for first-aid provision at work
the use of first-aid equipment provided in the workplace
the role of the first-aider in emergency procedures
Appointed Persons : Appointed Persons Appointed Persons are NOT First Aiders :-
Have a co-ordinating role
Contact Emergency Services
Replenished first Aid equipment
Appointed Persons may wish to know :
what to do in an emergency
cardio-pulmonary resuscitation
first aid for the unconscious casualty
first aid for the wounded or bleeding
First Aid Regulations 1981 : First Aid Regulations 1981 Duty of Employer to make provision for first aid
assessment of need
first aid materials, equipment and facilities
first aid personnel
Duty of employer to inform employees of arrangements
information for employees
Duty of self-employed to provide first aid equipment
Appendix 1 :
Assessment of first aid needs checklist
Appendix 2 :
First aid competencies
Typical First Aid Questions : Typical First Aid Questions 1. Outline the factors to be considered when deciding the numbers of first-aiders that may be required at the workplace (8)
Slide44 : Practical Inspection
Practical Inspection : Aim
to undertake a workplace inspection
note any hazards and the way they are controlled
identify safe and unsafe working practices
recommend appropriate and cost effective remedial action
prepare a report identifying items requiring immediate management action Practical Inspection
Practical Assessment : Practical Assessment The inspection will take place of a work area and will :-
Take up to 1 hour
Total marks 55%
The report to management
Takes up to 1 hour.
Identifies risk based priorities
Legal breaches, Costs,
Inform management of Recommendations
Should be approximately 3 -4 pages long
Total marks 45%
Overall pass mark 60%
Hazard Observations : Hazard Observations Range of issues identified = 5%
Number of hazards identified = 20%
Identification of immediate, and
where appropriate, long term
action =10%
Suitability of remedial action =20%
Total =55%
NEBOSH Practical Assessment : NEBOSH Practical Assessment Candidates Name : Any Body Date of Assessment : 19 / 06 / 05
Place of assessment : XYZ Ltd Assessor : John Smith
Observations Comments Priority
List, Unsafe Practices and List any Immediate or Longer – term I M L
any Good practices action required
1.Cable from the OHP to power point on floor Remove the cable I
Is a tripping hazard Consider Redesign L
2.No segregation between Traffic and Pedestrians Erect speed limit signs I
Consider speed bumps M
3.Heavy items stored on high shelves (photocopy room) Remove / relocate items I
Redesign shelf units M
4.Shelves in Photocopy room very loose Secure to the wall I
Consider better design of shelving M
5. Fire signs, Extinguishers etc Very good practice No Action necessary n / a
etc, etc, etc
Report to Management : Report to Management Selection of topics for urgent management action =10%
Consideration of cost implications = 5%
Identification of breaches and legislation = 5%
Presentation =10%
Effectiveness in convincing management to take action =15%
Total =45%
NEBOSH Certificate Practical Assessment Report : NEBOSH Certificate Practical Assessment Report I am writing further to an inspection of the WATA Training Centre, on _______ 2000 which took no
more than an hour, my report is as follows :-
Training Room Cable
The cable from the OHP presents a tripping hazard, from which a visitor or employee
could fall and severely damage themselves, this could lead to prosecution of the
company and perhaps to individuals. In addition to which the injured person may sue the
company or individuals. Should this happen, the insurance premiums could rise and the
insurance company impose extra controls.
This would be a breach of the Workplace (Health Safety and Welfare) Regulations
Recommendation
Immediately remove the cable at a cost of £150. In the long term consider re – designing
The location of the power point
NEXT HEADING
Produce a paragraph at the end to prioritise all the hazards observed
Slide51 : Revision
Common / Civil Law Questions : Common / Civil Law Questions Define the term ‘Negligence’ (2)
What the reasonable prudent person would not do OR what the reasonable prudent person would have done in the circumstances
Outline the possible defences available to employers in cases of alleged negligence (6)
No Duty owed
Duty owed no negligent act
Negligent act but couldn’t have caused harm etc
Contributory negligence
Volenti non fit injuria
Facts speak for themselves
Vicarious Liability : Vicarious Liability a) State the circumstances in which an employer may be held vicariously liable for the negligence of an employee (2)
Negligent Act
In course of employment
b) Outline the legal duties placed on employers to help to ensure that employees behave in a safe manner (6)
Duty of Care
HSW Act
Management Regulations
PPE Regs,
Common Law Negligence : Common Law Negligence Define the term ‘Negligence’ (2)
What the reasonable prudent person would not do OR what the reasonable prudent person would have done in the circumstances
Outline the Three standard conditions that must be met for an employee to prove a case of alleged negligence against an employer (6)
Was a Duty of Care (Neighbour Principle) snail in the bottle case
Duty was broken
Damage injury or loss was result of the breach
Differences between Civil / Criminal Law : Differences between Civil / Criminal Law Explain the Differences between civil and criminal Law (8)
Common Law
Evolved through “precedents”
Safe Working Environment
‘Safe Systems of Work’
Governs relationships between Individuals
Law of “Contract”
Law of “ TORT” (Negligence)
Can Sue in the County (Civil) Court for Compensation
Loss or harm suffered
Insurance available
Proof = Balance of Probabilities Statute Law
Laws made by Parliament
Governs Relationship between Individual and the State
Acts and Regulations
(Direct Legislation)
Best course of action for the Community
Crime
Prosecute, Imprisoned in Magistrates or Crown courts
No loss necessary
No Insurance available
Proof = Beyond Reasonable Doubt
Typical Statute Law Questions 1 : Typical Statute Law Questions 1 1. Explain using TWO examples the meaning of the term ‘so far as is reasonably practicable’ (8)
2. Outline the general duties placed on employees by ;
the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (4)
the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (4)
3. State the duties of the employers to employees under s2 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (8)
4. With reference to the Health and Safety at Work act 1974, outline the duties of persons in control of premises towards Non-employees (8)
5. Outline the main duties under Section 6 of the health and Safety at Work Act 1974
placed upon manufactures, suppliers and importers of substances for use at work (8)
Typical Statute Law Questions : Typical Statute Law Questions 1. a) Outline the general duties placed on employees by section 7 and 8 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (6)
b) Outline a specific duty placed on employees by the management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (2)
Typical Inspector Powers Questions : Typical Inspector Powers Questions 1. Outline the powers given to Health and Safety Inspectors under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (8)
2. Explain the action an Enforcement Officer could take when it is believed that an organisation has failed to comply with the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (8)
3. a) Explain the difference between an ‘Improvement Notice’ and a ‘Prohibition Notice (4)
b) What are the penalties for contravention of such notices by an employer (4)
4. Explain, using an example in each case, the circumstances under which a health and safety inspector may serve :
An Improvement Notice (4)
A Prohibition Notice (4)
5. Outline the effect on the notice of appealing against EACH type of enforcement notice (4)
Typical Management Regs Questions : Typical Management Regs Questions
1. Outline the general requirements of the Management of Health and Safety
at Work Regulations 1999 (8)
2. State EIGHT requirements of the Management of Health and Safety at
Work Regulations 1999 (8)
3. a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘Competent Person’ (4)
b) Outline FOUR checks that could be made to assess competence (4)
Typical Risk Assessment Questions : Typical Risk Assessment Questions 1. Explain with examples the meaning of the terms:-
Hazard (4)
Risk (4)
2. a) Outline the HSE ‘5’ Steps to risk assessment (6)
b) Explain the importance of risk assessment (2)
3. Outline the factors that should be considered in a risk assessment as required by the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (8)
4. In relation to the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulation 1999 a) explain the meaning of the term ‘suitable for and sufficient’ (2)
b) Outline the changes in circumstances that may require a risk assessment to be reviewed (6)
Typical Workplace Regulations Questions : Typical Workplace Regulations Questions 1 Outline FOUR requirements of the workplace(Health , Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (8)
2. Outline the welfare requirements for the employee under the Workplace (Health and Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (8)
3. Outline the factors that should be considered when assessing the adequacy of lighting in EITHER ;
A vehicle maintenance workshop
Or
An office containing DSE (8)
Typical Signs Questions : Typical Signs Questions 1. State the shape and colours of the following types of Safety Signs and give a typical example of each :
Prohibition (2)
Warning (2)
Mandatory (2)
Emergency escape or First Aid (2)
Typical Human Body Questions : Typical Human Body Questions 1. a) Define the term ‘Target Organ within the context of occy’ health (2)
b)Outline the personal hygiene practices that should be followed to reduce the ingestion of a hazardous substance (6)
b) Describe the body’s respiratory defence mechanism against atmospheric dust (6)
2. a) List THREE respiratory diseases that could be caused by exposure to dust at work (3)
b) Describe the body’s respiratory defence mechanisms against atmospheric dust (7)
c) Outline the control measures that may be used to eliminate or reduce dust in a work environment, using practical examples where appropriate (10)
Typical COSHH Questions : Typical COSHH Questions 1. a) outline the factors that should be considered when carrying out an assessment as required by the COSHH Regulations (6)
b) Outline the relevance of HSE Guidance EH40 ‘Occupational Exposure Limits’ (2)
2. a) Explain the differences between an occupational exposure standard (OES) and a maximum exposure limit (MEL) (6)
b) Give an example of a substance in each type of occupational exposure limit (2)
3. Outline the information that employees should receive when there is a risk that their work will exposure them to a substance hazardous to health (8)
4. Identify the information that should be included on a hazard Data Sheet supplied with a hazardous substance (8)
5. a) Explain the term ‘dilution ventilation’ (3)
b) Describe the circumstances under which dilution ventilation would be appropriate (5)
6. a) Draw a labelled sketch of a local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system showing the main components (6)
b) Give TWO practical examples of where a LEV system could be used (2)
Typical Accident Causation Questions : Typical Accident Causation Questions 1. Describe the types of human error that can lead to accidents in the workplace (8)
2. a) Explain using examples, the differences between the ‘cause of accident’ and the ’cause of injury’ (4)
b) Explain why an understanding of the differences referred to above is important when investigating accidents (4)
3. a) Explain the differences between immediate causes and the root (underlying causes) of an accident (4)
b) with reference to an accident involving an operator who comes into contact with a dangerous part of a machine, Describe;
The possible immediate causes ; and
The possible root (underlying ) causes (16)
4. a) Identify the types of hazard that may cause slips and trips at work (4)
b) Outline how the hazards in (a) might be controlled (4)
Typical DSE Questions : Typical DSE Questions 1. Outline the requirements of the DSE Regulations 1992 (8)
2. a) Outline the possible risks to health associated with the use of DSE (4)
b) Explain how the risks in (a) may be minimised (4)
3. a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘Ergonomic’ (2)
b) Outline the Main factors to be considered in an ergonomic assessment of a workstation to be used by an operator of a Visual Display Screen Unit (DSE) (6)
4. List factors that should be taken into account when assessing the suitability of a workstation for the user of the visual display unit (8)
Typical Communications Questions : Typical Communications Questions 1. Outline the sources of information that could be consulted when developing a Safe System of Work (8)
2. Outline the various methods of communicating health and safety information to the workforce (8)
3. Outline the reasons that may prevent a verbal instruction being clearly understood by an employee (8)
4. Outline the various ways in which a Safety Policy Document could be communicated to the workforce (8)
Typical Training Questions : Typical Training Questions 1. Outline the main health and safety topics to be included in an induction training programme for new employees (8)
2. Outline how health and safety training needs can be identified (8)
3. Outline the events that may create a need for additional health and safety training within an organisation (8)
4. Outline the factors to be considered when preparing and presenting a health and safety training session (8)
5. Explain why induction training is important in the prevention of accidents (8)
6. Outline the issues that should be included in a training programme for employees on the emergency action to take in the event of a fire (8)
Typical Safety Reps and Committee Questions : Typical Safety Reps and Committee Questions 1. a) Explain the circumstances under which an employer must form a Health and Safety committee (2)
b) Give reasons why a Health and Safety Committee may be ineffective (6)
2. Outline the functions of a safety representative as stated in the Safety Committees Regulations 1977 (8)
3. With regards to the Safety Representatives and Safety Committee Regulations 1977 ;
Explain the occasions when a safety representative is legally entitled to inspect the workplace (6)
Describe the facilities that an employer may need to provide to safety representatives (2)
Typical Fire Questions : Typical Fire Questions Explain the methods of heat transfer that cause the fire to spread (8)
Outline the main requirements of a safe means of escape from a building in the event of a fire (8)
Outline the precautions that should be taken when storing and handling flammable solvents in small containers (8)
Outline the factors that should be considered when preparing a procedure to deal with a workplace emergency (8)
a) Explain with a suitable sketch the meaning of the fire triangle (4)
b) List the sources of ignition that may cause a fire to occur giving an example of EACH (4)
Typical Radiation Questions : Typical Radiation Questions 1. a) Outline the possible effects on health arising from exposure to ionising radiation (4)
b) Outline the main principles of control for ionising radiation (4)
2. a) Explain the difference between ionising and non-ionising radiation (3)
b)Describe the health effects associated with exposure to non-ionising radiation (5)
Typical FLT Questions : Typical FLT Questions 1. Outline the hazards and the corresponding precautions to be taken when charging batteries for fork lift trucks (8)
2. Outline the main hazards of the fork truck operation (8)
Hazards Precautions
Weight Define danger areas/Prohibition
Untrained operators Train Operators
etc
FLT Q1 : FLT Q1 1. List the ways in which a fork lift truck may become unstable whilst in operation (8)
Too fast around corners
Unstable load
Fork Lift Truck : Fork Lift Truck 1. List EIGHT rules to be followed to minimise the risk of Fork Lift Trucks overturning (8)
Eight Rules Could be :-
1. Adequate Training
2. Competent persons
3. Speed restrictions
4. Stacking control
5. Preventing the use of forward tilt
6. Good road surfaces (maintenance)
7. Risk Assessment of working environment
8. Truck maintenance
9. Load compatibility to truck
10. Loading protocol
Typical Slinging Questions : Typical Slinging Questions 1. Outline the precautions that should be taken during lifting operations with a mobile crane (8)
2. Outline the procedure for the safe lifting of a load by the crane, having ensured that the crane has been correctly selected and positioned for the job (8)
Typical Transport Questions : Typical Transport Questions 1. Outline the main precautions to be taken to ensure the safe transport of hazardous substances by road (8)
2. Outline measures to be taken to prevent accidents when pedestrians are required to work in vehicle manoeuvring areas (8)
Typical Manual Handling Questions : Typical Manual Handling Questions 1. a) List TWO types of injury that could result from poor Manual Handling techniques (2)
b) Outline the general strategy that an employer is required to take to reduce the risk of injury from manual handling operations in the workplace (6)
2. a) Define the term ‘Manual Handling’ (2)
b) List THREE categories of injury that could be caused by the incorrect manual handling of loads (3)
c) Outline practical measures designed to reduce the risk of injury from manual handling activities at work (15)
4. a) List TWO types of injury that may be caused by the incorrect manual handling of loads (2)
b) Outline a good handling technique that could be adopted by a person required to lift a load from the ground (6)
5. a) List the main factors to be considered in the making of an assessment under the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (4)
b) Outline practical risk reduction measures in relation to manual handling (16)
Typical Machinery Questions : Typical Machinery Questions 1. List EIGHT types mechanical hazards associated with machinery as described in BS EN 292 (8)
2. List EIGHT non – mechanical hazards associated with machinery (8)
3. Provide sketches to show clearly the nature of the following mechanical hazards from moving parts of machinery :
a) Entanglement (2)
b) Crushing (2)
c) Drawing in (2)
d) Shear (2)
4. In relation to machinery safety, outline the basic principles of EACH of the following types of safeguard :-
a) Fixed guard (2)
b) Interlocking guard (2)
c) Automatic guard (2)
d) Trip device (2)
Typical Maintenance Questions : Typical Maintenance Questions 1. a) Identify the specific hazards associated with routine maintenance of machinery (4)
b) Outline how such hazards may be controlled (4)
2. Describe the practical measures that must be taken to ensure maintenance work is undertaken safely in an enclosed storage tank (8)
3. Identify FOUR mechanical hazards presented by Pedestal drill and outline in EACH case how injury may occur (8)
Typical PUWER Questions : Typical PUWER Questions 1. Describe the general hierarchy of measures for safe guarding of dangerous parts of machinery as required by the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (8)
2. List the main requirements of the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (8)
Typical WRULD’S Questions : Typical WRULD’S Questions 1. Outline the factors to be considered when assessing risks to the health of a user of DSE (8)
2. Outline the possible risks to Health and Safety faced by the operator of a pneumatic drill (8)
Typical Electricity Questions : Typical Electricity Questions 1. a) Outline the main electrical hazards arising from work on a construction site (4)
b) Describe the precautions that should be taken to minimise these hazards (4)
2. a) Describe the function and limitations of a fuse as an electrical protection (6)
b) Explain TWO advantages that a residual current device (RCD) has over a fuse (2)
3. Describe the principles of operation of the following types of electrical protection :
a) Earthing (4)
b) Reduced voltage (4)
4. List the items that should be included on an inspection checklist designed to ensure the safety of portable appliances (8)
5. a) Outline the dangers associated with electricity (4)
b) Outline the emergency action to take if a person suffers a severe electrical shock (4)
Typical Construction Questions : Typical Construction Questions 1. Outline EIGHT precautions that may be taken to ensure the safety of children who might be tempted to gain access to a construction site (8)
2. Prepare a check list for the inspection of a mobile tower scaffold prior to use (8)
3. a)Sketch a labelled diagram of a putlog scaffold indicating its principal safety features (5)
b) List the inspection requirements of all erected scaffolds (3)
4. In relation to safe access for construction work above ground :
a) Identify by means of a labelled sketch, the component parts of an independent tied scaffold (10)
b) outline the precautions that should be taken when using a ladder as a means of access to the scaffold (10)
Construction : Construction 1. Outline the precautions that should be taken when using mobile cranes (8)
2. a) Outline FOUR ways in which a person may be injured when using a ladder at work (4)
b) List the precautions that should be taken to ensure the safe use of Ladders (4)
Typical Demolition Questions : Typical Demolition Questions 1. List the hazards that may be encountered during the demolition of a multi – storey building (8)
2. Outline the main precautions when carrying out demolition work (8)
Typical Contractor Questions : Typical Contractor Questions 1. Prepare a check list for the safe use of suspended access equipment, such as a window cleaning cradle (8)
2. a) outline FOUR duties placed upon a PRINCIPLE contractor by the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 (4)
b) List FOUR factors that should be considered by a PRINCIPLE contractor when assessing the health and safety competence of a sub – contractor (4)
Typical CDM and Control of Contractor Questions : Typical CDM and Control of Contractor Questions 1. Outline FOUR duties under the Construction (Design and Management ) Regulations 1994 of EACH of the following persons:
a) The Client (4)
b) The Planning supervisor (4)
2. a) Outline FOUR duties placed upon a PRINCIPLE contractor by the CDM Regulation (4)
b) List FOUR factors that should be considered by a Principle contractor when assessing the health and safety competence of a sub – contractor (4)
Typical Noise Questions : Typical Noise Questions 1. Outline the possible effects on health from exposure to noise (8)
2. a) Describe the TWO main types of personal hearing protection (4)
b) Identify FOUR reasons why personal hearing protection may fail to provide adequate protection against noise (4)
3. a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘dB (A)’ in relation to noise measurement (2)
b) Outline the following methods of noise reduction, giving ONE practical example of each :
a) Absorption (3)
b) Isolation (3)
4. Explain the meaning of the following terms in relation to noise control :-
Silencing (2)
Absorption (2)
Damping (2)
Isolation (2)
Noise Attenuation Methods : Noise Attenuation Methods
Typical PPE Questions : Typical PPE Questions 1. Outline the factors to be considered in the correct selection of respiratory protection equipment for use at work (8)
2. a) Explain the difference between Breathing apparatus and Respirators (2)
b) Describe one type of breathing apparatus and state the limitations of its use (6)
Typical Accident Investigation Questions : Typical Accident Investigation Questions 1. Outline the immediate and longer term action that management should take following a serious injury accident at work (8)
2. Outline the information that should be included in an accident investigation (8)
3. Giving reasons in each case, identify FOUR categories of persons who may be considered a useful member of an internal accident investigation team (8)
Typical First Aid Questions : Typical First Aid Questions 1. Outline the factors to be considered when deciding the numbers of first-aiders that may be required at the workplace (8)