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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Solar Energy on a Massive Scale: Solar Energy on a Massive Scale By: Patrick Kelly pkelly333@gmail.com Chicago-Kent College of Law Energy Law – Spring 2007Why consider solar energy?: Why consider solar energy? The sun’s energy output is enormous (3.86e33 ergs/second or 386 billion billion megawatts) It has enough hydrogen to burn for millions and probably billions of years Percentages of Sources of American Energy: Percentages of Sources of American EnergyRole of Renewables in 2004: Role of Renewables in 2004 Why not more solar power?: Why not more solar power? High capital costs Need sunny areas and large spaces Hard to transport created electricity Not yet commonly used for transportation Would require huge changes in infrastructure, policies and behavior Slide7: (1) Smallest/Individual (2) Small/Household (3) Medium/Community Usage (4) Large/Plants(1) Smallest/Individual Use: (1) Smallest/Individual Use (2) Small/Household: (2) Small/Household (3) Medium/Community Use: (3) Medium/Community Use (4) Large/Power Plants: (4) Large/Power Plants Portugal’s Massive Plant: Portugal’s Massive Plant Spread across nearly 150 acres An 11 megawatt plant Has 52,000 photovoltaic modules Cost about $75 million Can provide power to about 8,000 homesEuropean and Portuguese Goals: European and Portuguese Goals EU currently receives about 6.5% of its power from renewable resources A goal of 20% by 2020 has been set Portugal's Prime Minister, Jose Socrates, has proclaimed that his country will receive 45% of its power from renewable sources within 3 years. Investing $10 billion over next 5 yearsPlant in Serpa, Portugal: Plant in Serpa, Portugal Possible in America?: Possible in America? Concentrating Solar Power : Concentrating Solar Power Dish/engine Power Tower *Parabolic-trough Dish/Engine: Dish/Engine A dish/engine system uses a mirrored dish The dish-shaped surface collects and concentrates the sun's heat onto a receiver, which absorbs the heat and transfers it to fluid within the engine The heat causes the fluid to expand against a piston or turbine to produce mechanical power The mechanical power is then used to run a generator or alternator to produce electricity Power Towers: Power Towers Use a large field of mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto top of tower, where a receiver sits This heats air, water or molten salt flowing through the receiver The salt's heat is then used to generate electricity through a conventional generator Able to be stored for days before being converted into electricityParabolic-trough Systems: Parabolic-trough Systems Concentrate the sun's energy through long rectangular, curved (U-shaped) mirrors Mirrors are tilted toward the sun, focusing sunlight on a pipe that runs down the center of the trough This heats the oil flowing through the pipe, which is then used to boil water Solar Power Towers: Solar Power Towers Solar One Solar Two Solar TresSolar One and Solar Two: Solar One and Solar Two Now defunct power plant based on power tower technology Key was using molten salt instead of water or oil as an energy storage medium This helped during interruptions of sunlight at nighttime and when clouds passed History of Plant: History of Plant Solar One was completed in 1981 and was operational from 1982 to 1986 Redesigned, made larger and renamed as Solar Two, the facility reopened in 1995 Facility was finally decommissioned for good in 1999 and converted into a telescope by the University of California-Davis The plants were ambitious and had the ability to produce up to 10 megawatts of power Solar Tres: Solar Tres 15 Megawatt project based in Spain First commercial project using the Power Tower Technology since Solar One/Solar Two were operational Attempting to improve on Solar Two through better and simpler technologyParabolic Trough Systems: Parabolic Trough Systems (1) SEGS (2) Nevada Solar OneSEGS : SEGS SEGS = Solar Electric Generating Stations Commissioned between 1984 and 1991 9 Projects in the Mojave Desert in Southern California “[t]he old SEGS plants have been up and have operated close to flawless” Truly the Largest: Truly the Largest Many have laid claim to being the “largest solar plant in the world” The SEGS cover roughly 1000 acres Combined, the plants have a 354 Megawatt capacity Two of the individual plants are 80 Megawatt facilities Drawbacks of the SEGS: Drawbacks of the SEGS Built more than 16-23 years ago Less efficient than today’s technology Require a 25% natural gas backup to ensure that the temperature will remain hot enough and steadySEGS in Mojave Desert: SEGS in Mojave Desert 5 of the 9 SEGS Plants: 5 of the 9 SEGS Plants Slide34: The Next Generation . . .Nevada Solar One: Nevada Solar One An efficient parabolic trough plantPicture of Crew Working At the Nevada Solar One Site : Picture of Crew Working At the Nevada Solar One Site Nevada Solar One: Nevada Solar One At the center, a closed-loop tube will be filled with oil that will be heated by the sun. The hot oil will flow around the 400-acre project and into a building where it will turn water into steam Steam turns a turbine, which will make electricitySlide38: Nevada Solar One will produce 64 megawatts -- enough to power 40,000 homes in the Las Vegas area during the hottest part of the daySolargenix President John Myles:: Solargenix President John Myles: “Nevada has proven to be very forward thinking in promoting solar and other renewables” “The main factor here is that you can get very large blocks of power coming from solar energy in one single location. It is very clearly the lowest cost solar energy that can be produced today.” Cost of Project: Cost of Project The total costs of Nevada Solar One estimated between $220 and $250 million The power is more expensive than wind power but less expensive than common photovoltaics More efficient and cheaper than SEGS, as only 2% natural gas backup is needed Still, not everyone agrees . . .: Still, not everyone agrees . . .Pessimism . . .: Pessimism . . . "The industry has some problems to solve," says Paula Mints, associate director and photovoltaic specialist with Navigant Consulting of Palo Alto, Calif. "Solar energy has been around 30 years and is still a start-up industry." In-Fighting Among Alternatives: In-Fighting Among Alternatives “Solar energy is a fraud," said Howard Hayden, "It's being promoted as the solution to problems it can't solve.“ "Forget hydrogen, forget hydrogen, forget hydrogen" says former CIA Director James Woolsey Tad Patzek and David Pimentel claim the return on cullulosic ethanol is negative a greater energy "sink" than corn-based fuel Optimism . . .: Optimism . . . "If we want to get serious about reducing carbon dioxide emissions and lower our use of fossil fuels, this is a way to quickly address that. I'm very optimistic about this technology." -- Chuck Kutscher, Principal Engineer and Group Manager of the Thermal Systems Group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Real Problems With Other Energy Sources:: Real Problems With Other Energy Sources: Rising Natural Gas Prices Rising Oil Prices and Instability in the Middle East Stagnation and possible decrease in hydropower generation due to drought Wind is clean, but not a constant source and hard to transport Annual Photovoltaic Domestic Shipments: Annual Photovoltaic Domestic Shipments Annual Solar Thermal Collector Domestic Shipments: Annual Solar Thermal Collector Domestic ShipmentsSolar Thermal Collector Average Price: Solar Thermal Collector Average PriceRecent Good News:: Recent Good News: DOE Selects 13 Solar Energy Projects for up to $168 Million in Funding Industry led teams to contribute more than 50% of funds for a total of over $357 million over the next 3 years http://www.doe.gov/news/4855.htm For More Information:: For More Information: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/csp.html You do not have the permission to view this presentation. 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KellySolarEnergyPres entation Mercede Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 391 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 23, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: wassup (24 month(s) ago) Ur presentation sucks!! i was kinda disappointed at first that its not available for download...but after seeing it i didn't care. I guess u knew that no one would download it so you made it unavailable anyway....seriously it sucks! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Solar Energy on a Massive Scale: Solar Energy on a Massive Scale By: Patrick Kelly pkelly333@gmail.com Chicago-Kent College of Law Energy Law – Spring 2007Why consider solar energy?: Why consider solar energy? The sun’s energy output is enormous (3.86e33 ergs/second or 386 billion billion megawatts) It has enough hydrogen to burn for millions and probably billions of years Percentages of Sources of American Energy: Percentages of Sources of American EnergyRole of Renewables in 2004: Role of Renewables in 2004 Why not more solar power?: Why not more solar power? High capital costs Need sunny areas and large spaces Hard to transport created electricity Not yet commonly used for transportation Would require huge changes in infrastructure, policies and behavior Slide7: (1) Smallest/Individual (2) Small/Household (3) Medium/Community Usage (4) Large/Plants(1) Smallest/Individual Use: (1) Smallest/Individual Use (2) Small/Household: (2) Small/Household (3) Medium/Community Use: (3) Medium/Community Use (4) Large/Power Plants: (4) Large/Power Plants Portugal’s Massive Plant: Portugal’s Massive Plant Spread across nearly 150 acres An 11 megawatt plant Has 52,000 photovoltaic modules Cost about $75 million Can provide power to about 8,000 homesEuropean and Portuguese Goals: European and Portuguese Goals EU currently receives about 6.5% of its power from renewable resources A goal of 20% by 2020 has been set Portugal's Prime Minister, Jose Socrates, has proclaimed that his country will receive 45% of its power from renewable sources within 3 years. Investing $10 billion over next 5 yearsPlant in Serpa, Portugal: Plant in Serpa, Portugal Possible in America?: Possible in America? Concentrating Solar Power : Concentrating Solar Power Dish/engine Power Tower *Parabolic-trough Dish/Engine: Dish/Engine A dish/engine system uses a mirrored dish The dish-shaped surface collects and concentrates the sun's heat onto a receiver, which absorbs the heat and transfers it to fluid within the engine The heat causes the fluid to expand against a piston or turbine to produce mechanical power The mechanical power is then used to run a generator or alternator to produce electricity Power Towers: Power Towers Use a large field of mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto top of tower, where a receiver sits This heats air, water or molten salt flowing through the receiver The salt's heat is then used to generate electricity through a conventional generator Able to be stored for days before being converted into electricityParabolic-trough Systems: Parabolic-trough Systems Concentrate the sun's energy through long rectangular, curved (U-shaped) mirrors Mirrors are tilted toward the sun, focusing sunlight on a pipe that runs down the center of the trough This heats the oil flowing through the pipe, which is then used to boil water Solar Power Towers: Solar Power Towers Solar One Solar Two Solar TresSolar One and Solar Two: Solar One and Solar Two Now defunct power plant based on power tower technology Key was using molten salt instead of water or oil as an energy storage medium This helped during interruptions of sunlight at nighttime and when clouds passed History of Plant: History of Plant Solar One was completed in 1981 and was operational from 1982 to 1986 Redesigned, made larger and renamed as Solar Two, the facility reopened in 1995 Facility was finally decommissioned for good in 1999 and converted into a telescope by the University of California-Davis The plants were ambitious and had the ability to produce up to 10 megawatts of power Solar Tres: Solar Tres 15 Megawatt project based in Spain First commercial project using the Power Tower Technology since Solar One/Solar Two were operational Attempting to improve on Solar Two through better and simpler technologyParabolic Trough Systems: Parabolic Trough Systems (1) SEGS (2) Nevada Solar OneSEGS : SEGS SEGS = Solar Electric Generating Stations Commissioned between 1984 and 1991 9 Projects in the Mojave Desert in Southern California “[t]he old SEGS plants have been up and have operated close to flawless” Truly the Largest: Truly the Largest Many have laid claim to being the “largest solar plant in the world” The SEGS cover roughly 1000 acres Combined, the plants have a 354 Megawatt capacity Two of the individual plants are 80 Megawatt facilities Drawbacks of the SEGS: Drawbacks of the SEGS Built more than 16-23 years ago Less efficient than today’s technology Require a 25% natural gas backup to ensure that the temperature will remain hot enough and steadySEGS in Mojave Desert: SEGS in Mojave Desert 5 of the 9 SEGS Plants: 5 of the 9 SEGS Plants Slide34: The Next Generation . . .Nevada Solar One: Nevada Solar One An efficient parabolic trough plantPicture of Crew Working At the Nevada Solar One Site : Picture of Crew Working At the Nevada Solar One Site Nevada Solar One: Nevada Solar One At the center, a closed-loop tube will be filled with oil that will be heated by the sun. The hot oil will flow around the 400-acre project and into a building where it will turn water into steam Steam turns a turbine, which will make electricitySlide38: Nevada Solar One will produce 64 megawatts -- enough to power 40,000 homes in the Las Vegas area during the hottest part of the daySolargenix President John Myles:: Solargenix President John Myles: “Nevada has proven to be very forward thinking in promoting solar and other renewables” “The main factor here is that you can get very large blocks of power coming from solar energy in one single location. It is very clearly the lowest cost solar energy that can be produced today.” Cost of Project: Cost of Project The total costs of Nevada Solar One estimated between $220 and $250 million The power is more expensive than wind power but less expensive than common photovoltaics More efficient and cheaper than SEGS, as only 2% natural gas backup is needed Still, not everyone agrees . . .: Still, not everyone agrees . . .Pessimism . . .: Pessimism . . . "The industry has some problems to solve," says Paula Mints, associate director and photovoltaic specialist with Navigant Consulting of Palo Alto, Calif. "Solar energy has been around 30 years and is still a start-up industry." In-Fighting Among Alternatives: In-Fighting Among Alternatives “Solar energy is a fraud," said Howard Hayden, "It's being promoted as the solution to problems it can't solve.“ "Forget hydrogen, forget hydrogen, forget hydrogen" says former CIA Director James Woolsey Tad Patzek and David Pimentel claim the return on cullulosic ethanol is negative a greater energy "sink" than corn-based fuel Optimism . . .: Optimism . . . "If we want to get serious about reducing carbon dioxide emissions and lower our use of fossil fuels, this is a way to quickly address that. I'm very optimistic about this technology." -- Chuck Kutscher, Principal Engineer and Group Manager of the Thermal Systems Group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Real Problems With Other Energy Sources:: Real Problems With Other Energy Sources: Rising Natural Gas Prices Rising Oil Prices and Instability in the Middle East Stagnation and possible decrease in hydropower generation due to drought Wind is clean, but not a constant source and hard to transport Annual Photovoltaic Domestic Shipments: Annual Photovoltaic Domestic Shipments Annual Solar Thermal Collector Domestic Shipments: Annual Solar Thermal Collector Domestic ShipmentsSolar Thermal Collector Average Price: Solar Thermal Collector Average PriceRecent Good News:: Recent Good News: DOE Selects 13 Solar Energy Projects for up to $168 Million in Funding Industry led teams to contribute more than 50% of funds for a total of over $357 million over the next 3 years http://www.doe.gov/news/4855.htm For More Information:: For More Information: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/csp.html