Best Practices for Oracle Database 10g RAC on Microsoft 64bit Windows : Best Practices for Oracle Database 10g RAC on Microsoft 64bit Windows Anu Chawla Program Manager – Oracle Alliance Anu.Chawla@microsoft.com Philip Newlan Principal Product Manager - RAC philip.newlan@oracle.com


Slide2: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; Microsoft / Oracle Relationship


Commitment to Windows: Commitment to Windows Oracle7 was the first database to ship on Windows in 1994 Windows Server is a base development platform for Oracle Windows Server is Tier 1 fully supported platform for Oracle Focused Engineering and Product management groups for Windows-specific integration projects Supported both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows Server 2003 on day of O/S release


Partnership: Partnership Oracle sponsors Microsoft events (TechEd 2004, 2005, 2006) Microsoft sponsors Oracle events OracleWorld, UKOUG 2006,2007 Oracle RAC Training Sessions at MS Redmond campus Demos in the ETC Communication channels open at various levels in the organizations Joint support contacts for customer escalations How we jointly solve problems Conference calls, briefings, etc.


Register at Microsoft Oracle Customer Information Center: www.microsoft-oracle.com : Register at Microsoft Oracle Customer Information Center: www.microsoft-oracle.com Best Practices on running Oracle on Windows Server Replay and Presentations of Oracle RAC on Windows Server Workshop Invitations to Global Technical Workshops hosted by Microsoft and Oracle Certification information for Oracle Applications and technology on Microsoft Platform


Oracle on WindowsWidely Deployed: Oracle on Windows Widely Deployed Unix 49% Linux 20% Windows 29% Other 2% Oracle Revenues by OS for new license sales Source: Gartner Research – May 2005 ID G00127787


State Of The Market?: State Of The Market? Continuum of non-commercial software to commercial integration Broad interoperability movement Competing at the workload level Windows #1 platform for UNIX migrations 44% Windows versus 37% Linux Virtualization and consolidation Windows Growth at x86 Pace Linux Growth Slows VAP/VAR Preference Improves Microsoft Momentum Industry Trends


State Of The Market?: State Of The Market? Continuum of non-commercial software to commercial integration Broad interoperability movement Competing at the workload level Windows #1 platform for UNIX migrations 44% Windows versus 37% Linux Virtualization and consolidation Windows Growth at x86 Pace Linux Growth Slows VAP/VAR Preference Improves Microsoft Momentum Industry Trends


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Load TestWindows 2003 v Red Hat 4.0 (64 bit): Load Test Windows 2003 v Red Hat 4.0 (64 bit) RAC Stress Test (150-250 users) Transactions Per Minute were up to 16% higher for MS Windows for 150 - 250 users. The response times for the 'Order Products' test component were up to 50% faster for MS Windows than Linux, and the response times for the 'Order Products' component increased substantially above 150 users. At 250 users, Linux performed over 30% of sorts on disk instead of sorts in memory. For all of these tests, Linux used 17% - 40% more memory than MS Windows Server. RAC User Load Tests (2500 – 4500 users) At 3500 users, the Transactions Per Minute for MS Windows were 18% higher than the Linux Transactions Per Minute. At 4000 users, MS Windows Server TPM continued to increase while the Linux test failed to complete. At 2500 users, component response times were 9% - 33% faster for MS Windows Server; while at 3500 users Windows was faster by a wide margin. For all of these tests, Linux used 5% - 25% more memory than MS Windows Server.


Supported 32-bit Architectures: Supported 32-bit Architectures For 32-bit x86 systems Well-suited for mainstream deployments where 64-bit applications or drivers are unavailable Most common on servers with 1-4 processors


Supported 64-bit Architectures: Supported 64-bit Architectures Gradually replaces 32-bit Windows as mainstream offering Suitable for all workloads Well-suited for combining 32-bit and 64-bit software Intended for the most demanding Database and LOB deployments on 8-way+ Designed for pure 64-bit software stacks


32 bit Vs 64bit Memory Limits: 32 bit Vs 64bit Memory Limits Product names listed are for general reference only and do not reflect actual product names. 64-bit Windows Server Standard Edition will be available for x64 only.


Architecture – Thread and Memory Model32bit Windows: Architecture – Thread and Memory Model 32bit Windows Oracle process 2GB Code SGA Background and foreground threads


Architecture – Thread and Memory Model64bit Windows: Architecture – Thread and Memory Model 64bit Windows Oracle process 8TB Code SGA Background and foreground threads


Slide16: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; Oracle Support for MS Windows


Windows 32-bit Platform Support: Windows 32-bit Platform Support


Windows 64-bit Platform Support: Windows 64-bit Platform Support


Windows Vista Support : Next Major Database Release 32-bit support 64-bit support ( for x64 systems) 10gR2 Plan to certify and support 32-bit Client and Server Latest Patchset plus possible patches – exact requirements will be documented when certification is completed and announced Windows Vista Support


Slide20: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; Oracle Architecture


Database ArchitectureProcess and Memory: Database Architecture Process and Memory Thread model, not a straight port of Oracle’s process architecture 3GB (32-bit) or 8TB (64-bit) maximum memory per database instance. VLM support allows andgt;3GB on 32-bit. Runs as a Windows service process No limits on memory, connections, resources except those imposed by the operating system What does 8GB Process Address space give you ? Connections Datawarehousing improvements


Database ArchitectureFile I/O: Database Architecture File I/O Oracle10g supports asynchronous I/O to all types of files Logical and physical raw files and partitions are fully supported (faster than NTFS) Full 64-bit file I/O internally No 2GB or 4GB limitations on database file sizes. Maximum file size is 64GB Maximum database size is 4 petabytes


Dual Core and Hyperthreading: Dual Core and Hyperthreading Dual Core support Supported – Oracle uses the OS scheduler All versions of Oracle are supported in Hyperthreaded environments. Hyperthreading Circuitry added to Intel CPUs resulting in single CPU functioning as 2 CPUs All versions of Oracle are supported in Hyperthreaded environments. Customer 10 node RAC 4 Dual cores with hyperthreading turned on 16 CPU’s visible in taskmanager on each of 10 nodes 32GB RAM per node - 200TB database ü ?


Slide24: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; Best Practices for 64 bit Windows


Oracle on 64-bit Windows: Oracle on 64-bit Windows Long history of supporting 64-bit databases on other platforms Interoperability between 32-bit clients and 64-bit servers and vice versa Improved performance, availability and scalability Why do customers choose to migrate to 64bit Windows ?


64-Bit Best Practices: 64-Bit Best Practices Run correct 64-Bit version of Oracle for the architecture 64-Bit Oracle for X64 (AMD or EM64T) 64-Bit Oracle for Itanium. 32-Bit Oracle Server not supported on 64-Bit platforms Enable Large Pages


Slide27: Large Page support For instances with large memory requirements, large page support can improve performance 32 bit – 4kb default – 2MB max 64 bit – 8kb default – 2MB on x64 -16 MB on IA64 NUMA support for memory/scheduling Database intelligently allocates memory and schedules threads based on node configuration Best Practice: For NUMA on AMD patch to a minimum 10.2.0.2 P5 New for Windows Server 2003 SP1 ü


64-bit: Migration: 64-bit: Migration 32-bit to 64-bit upgrade process is simple 32-bit data files are compatible with 64-bit DB No need to recreate the database Full export and import not required Database Upgrade Assistant automates process Transparent migration for end-user applications No changes required to existing client applications when running against 64-bit database


File System Best Practices: ASM Disk Group Ctrl file, redo log, data 1,…data n % utilization File System Best Practices Use ASM – whether single-instance or RAC – use 10.1.0.4 or higher Provisioning storage when you need it… and save money No need to move datafiles around No need to take tablespaces offline Allocate what you need, when you need it Simple to add or remove Add disks with no downtime Save time and money ü


Where do I locate my datafiles ?: Where do I locate my datafiles ? 10g Windows RAC tracked customers


Slide31: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; Management andamp; Diagnostics tools


Grid Control: Grid Control


Out of the Box Database Control: Out of the Box Database Control No client install required Fully functional after database creation Discovery, Configuration andamp; Monitoring Listener ASM RAC database


Diagnostic Tools - Performance Monitor: Diagnostic Tools - Performance Monitor


Process Explorer: Process Explorer


Tools: Tools OS Tools MS Tools diskpart poolmon memsnap tasklist, taskkill tlist (with -c) Driverquery - with /V sc (sc query state= all) Sysinternals regmon, filemon, procexp, tcpview Windows Services for Unix Oracle Tools srvctl crsctl ocrdump crs_stat cluvfy


CPU Tuning : CPU Tuning Oracle uses all processors available through the OS ORACLE_AFFINITY registry value can be set to tell Oracle which threads to run on which processors (same setting for all instances) Thread priorities can be set in the registry using the ORACLE_PRIORITY variable


CPU Tuning – Diagnosing High CPU: CPU Tuning – Diagnosing High CPU Process Explorer drill down to threads Get thread id of high CPU thread Use following to map OS Thread Id to Oracle Background Process SELECT a.spid, b.username FROM v$process a, v$session b WHERE a.addr= b.paddr AND a.spid = andlt;thread numberandgt;


Networking Best Practices: Networking Best Practices The default queue-size for Windows Server is 50 – increase using QUEUESIZE parameter in LISTENER.ORA – prevents errors during login storms Use multiple listeners for increased throughput Increase SDU_SIZE in SQLNET.ORA or TNSNAMES.ORA Controls SQL*Net packet size Set to larger SDU size for apps with bulk data transfer (LOBS, Dataguard etc). Perhaps 32k


Networking Best Practices: Networking Best Practices SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS) This is a default value in SQLNET.ORA for a reason – it should be left at default. – Required for RAC In 10.2.x, SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT defaults to 60 – this may need to be set to 0 in some situations ü


Slide41: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; Installation and Patching Best Practices and Support’s Top Issues


Installation Pre-reqs: Installation Pre-reqs Hardware is set up correctly Use the Cluster Verification Utility (CVU). User Accounts Remote Desktop Client. Environment Variables Networking Disk Layout Enable Automount Stop ‘troublesome’ Services. Time Sync


Install - Remote Desktop Client: Install - Remote Desktop Client If you must use the remote desktop client Invoke the client with the /console command line parameter


Cluster Verification Utility - CVU: Cluster Verification Utility - CVU CVU checks and reports on varies configuration items at various steps during the install Does not fix anything ! Get the latest version from OTN http://otn.oracle.com/rac - Right Hand Side - CVU Two steps to run prior to starting install runcluvfy stage -post hwos -n iwinrca01,iwinrca02 runcluvfy stage -pre crsinst -n iwinrca01,iwinrca02 Other steps as required


Cluster Verification Utility: Cluster Verification Utility


Most Common Support Issues: Most Common Support Issues Oracle can be installed (and patches applied) over a remote connection. Try installing on the server console directly, to determine if the problem is with the remote connection utility. Logging into Windows as a user account, with Admin privs, is not identical as to logging in as the Local Administrator account. If there are problems installing, try using the Local Administrator account.


Most Common Support Issues: Most Common Support Issues Files in use errors: Must stop ALL Oracle Services. Stop the DTC (Distributed Transaction Coordinator) service. Use Process Explorer to find the process using the Oracle files. Problems running catpatch.sql or catcpu.sql: Verify there are NO invalid objects in the Database, prior to applying a patch. Verify the Shared_Pool_size and Java_Pool_Size are set to a minimum of 150MB each. Don’t set ORACLE_HOME in environment – Oracle gets its environment via the Registry. Oracle.key file in OH\bin points to correct registry key.


Patching Best Practices: Patching Best Practices For existing installs, make plans to test and apply future patchsets Don’t wait until you are forced to apply patch on a production system without sufficient testing Apply patches within 6 months of release At minimum, CPU (Critical Patch Update) patches are released quarterly Fifth-digit patches provided on Windows platforms which bundle one-off patches For fixing new issues, applying latest patchset and fifth-digit patches available will help in eliminating known bugs


Slide49: andlt;Insert Picture Hereandgt; High Availability Solutions on Windows


High Availability Solutions: High Availability Solutions HA becomes essential as databases are critical component of business HA Goals: Minimize downtime to your company and your customers Solutions for Windows Environments Real Application Clusters (RAC) Oracle Fail Safe Data Guard (DG) Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA) Oracle Clusterware for Single Instance Provides MSCS – without MSCS See http://www.oracleracsig.org this Thursday 16th


More Information: More Information Windows Server Technology Center http://otn.oracle.com/windows Oracle RAC http://otn.oracle.com/rac http://otn.oracle.com/asm Microsoft – Oracle http://ww.microsoft-oracle.com Oracle RAC SIG http://www.oracleracsig.org For more questions anu.chawla@microsoft.com philip.newlan@oracle.com


Slide52: The preceding is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remain at the sole discretion of Oracle.


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