settling middle colonies

Chapter 5 : 

Chapter 5 Settling the Middle Colonies

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New Netherland Becomes New York 1609 – Hudson claims land along Hudson River for Dutch while looking for NW Passage

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Beginning of New Netherland 1621 – Dutch West India Company sets up a trading company - New Netherland 1624 – Sent 30 families to settle New Amsterdam – center of new colony Located on Manhattan Island 1626 – Peter Minuit, governor of colony, buys land for about $24 Grows slowly No real reason to move there Their country was prosperous and tolerant of religions Peter Minuit

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Recruiting settlers Welcomes all people in New England Gave large tracts of land to anyone who brought 50 settlers Riverfront property Patroons ran land as they chose; own laws New Sweden Established Fur Trade – brought settlers from Sweden 1638 – New Sweden formed near Wilmington, Delaware Dutch view New Sweden as a rival 1655 – Peter Stuyvesant, governor of New Netherland, seized New Sweden

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New English King Takes Over Civil War in England Parliament Puritans vs. Charles I supporters King beheaded for treason Puritans run country for 11 years 1660 – King Charles II takes over

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1664 – Charles sends brother, James, Duke of York to seize Dutch colony. Four English warships anchor at New Amsterdam Governor Stuyvesant tells colonists to fight back. Fight back! New Netherland surrenders without a fight Renamed New York in honor of James

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Colonial Government James becomes proprietor of New York Allows Dutch to keep their religion, lands, and customs Religious freedom to all Colonists had no say in government

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New Jersey New York too large to manage for James Gave land to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley Named land “New Jersey” after Carteret’s birthplace Kept religious freedom Developed separately until they became a royal colony in 1702

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William Penn’s Colonies Quakers needed a place for religious freedom Quakers persecuted Believed all people equals in eyes of God Refused to take oaths Women allowed to speak at meetings Opposed war – would not serve in army Refused to pay taxes Did not believe in slavery William Penn

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King Charles gave Penn land to repay loan from Penn’s father Named land Pennsylvania Pennsylvania – “Penn’s woods” Based government on religious freedom Paid NA for land Attracted German settlers fleeing religious wars Formed communities that kept alive their customs Known as Pennsylvania Dutch

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Delaware Pennsylvania had no seaports Penn receives grant from James for 3 counties along the Delaware River for trading purposes Uniting two areas difficult Delaware could elect their own assembly Penn was governor Counties later break away and form their own colony, Delaware