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EMERGY & ENERGY SYSTEMS: 

EMERGY & ENERGY SYSTEMS Session 3 Short Course for ECO Interns, EPA and Partners

Introduction to Emergy: 

Introduction to Emergy Emergy definitions and concepts Fundamental emergy budgets and human interfaces

Emergy Definitions: 

Emergy Definitions Emergy Available energy of one kind previously required directly or indirectly to make a product or service (emjoule) Solar emergy All energy beginning with solar inputs to the environment (solar emjoule or sej)

Review: Concentration: 

Review: Concentration 1E10 5E5 5E5 1E6 1E6 1E6 2E6 5E5 5E5 2E6 1E6 J/t 5E4 3E4 2E4 1E4 9.99E9 9.9E2 9E4 1E10 sej/t 1E10 sej/t 1E10 sej/t 1E10 sej/t

Review: Concentration: 

Review: Concentration Energy Transfers 1E10 1E7 1E5 1E4 1E10 sej/t 1E10 sej/t 1E10 sej/t 1E10 sej/t J/t Sun 1E10 1E7 1E5 1E4 1 1E3 1E5 1E6 Energy Transfers Joules/time Transformity Solar emJoules/Joule

Emergy Definitions: Unit Emergy: 

Emergy Definitions: Unit Emergy Transformity Emergy per unit available energy, solar emjoules per joule (sej/J) Specific emergy Emergy per unit material, solar emjoules per gram (sej/g) Emergy values for specific items 100 sej 10J 100 sej 1g T = 10 sej/J SE = 100 sej/g

Emergy Definitions: 

Emergy Definitions Empower Emergy flow per unit time Solar emjoules per year (sej/yr)

Emergy Concepts: 

Emergy Concepts No loss along paths Emergy is cumulative Maintenance Accumulation stops when entity is made Different uses for different data Input/output vs. internal processes Internal Input/output 500 sej 50J 100 sej 50J 800 sej 20J 1420 sej 15J 120 sej 5J 300 sej 10J 500 sej 10J 20 sej 5J 620 sej 800 sej 1420 sej

Emergy Calculations: 

Emergy Calculations Energy versus emergy Multiply energy by unit emergy ratios Unit emergy ratios used here Environmental average: 2.61E4 sej/J Purchased average: 5E5 sej/J

Emergy Calculations: 

Emergy Calculations Transformity Use known unit emergy ratios for inputs Divide total emergy inputs by output energy or mass

Main Energy Sources: 

Main Energy Sources Solar, deep planet heat, tides Geobiosphere Air Solar Insolation Deep Earth Heat Ocean Crust Tide 8.06 3.93 3.84 Global emergy flow 15.83 E24 sej/yr E24 solar emjoules/year

Calculating other earth budgets: 

Calculating other earth budgets  

Coupled Sources: 

Coupled Sources Avoid double counting Planet Earth Ocean & Atmosphere Land Area Deep Heat Tide Local Analysis Sun Sun Wind Wind Sun Rain Rain Earth cycle Earth cycle

Environment-Economic Interface: 

Environment-Economic Interface Sun, Tide, Earth Heat Environment Reserves Recycle Environment Economic Use Main Economy, Consumers GNP Interface Global System

Important Input Categories: 

Important Input Categories Sun Wind River Rain Soil Goods & Services Fuel Fertilizer Coal Renewable Non-renewable Purchased

3-Arm Diagram: 

3-Arm Diagram Renewable + Non-renewable Purchased Yield = Sum of all System Name Variation Renewable Non-renewable Purchased Yield = Sum of all

Services versus Goods: 

Services versus Goods Inherent value in an item, not money paid Paying for services to retrieve that item Sun Wind River Rain Soil Forest Harvest Fuel Fertilizer Services Market

Evaluating Materials: 

Evaluating Materials Industrial concentration Goods Furniture Sun Wind River Rain Soil Forest Harvest Fuel Fertilizer Services Market Electricity

Emergy and $$ Value for Nature: 

Emergy and $$ Value for Nature Emergy to dollar ratio: emdollars National economic productivity tied to total emergy consumption and flow Sources Environmental Production Non- renewables Economic Production Macroeconomic Overview Assets Imports GNP Fuels Goods & Services Exports $ $

Emdollars: 

Emdollars Changes all the time Different for every nation Sources Environmental Production Non- renewables Economic Production Macroeconomic Overview Assets Imports GNP Fuels Goods & Services Exports $ $

Exercise: 

Exercise

One way to answer: 

One way to answer

One way to answer: 

One way to answer