Slide2: Defense Research and Engineering: Developing Transformation for the Future Dr. Ronald M. Sega Director of Defense Research and Engineering February 27, 2004


Slide3: Critical Operational Goals Transformational Initiatives National Aerospace Initiative Energy and Power Technologies Surveillance & Knowledge Systems Combating Terrorism Technology Task Force (CTTTF) Summary Agenda


Quadrennial Defense Review--Critical Operational Goals--: Quadrennial Defense Review --Critical Operational Goals-- Protect Bases of Operations Deny Enemy Sanctuary Conduct Information Operations Project and Sustain US Forces Conduct Space Operations Leverage Information Technologies


Slide5: Transformation Attributes Transformation Technology Initiatives National Aerospace Initiative Energy and Power Technologies Surveillance and Knowledge Systems Transformation Technology Initiatives Knowledge Speed Agility Lethality


Value of Speed: Long Range Strike Cruise Space Access Time Critical Target SEAD Boost/Ascent Anti-access Theater of Operation Value of Speed Cruise Missile Defense NPR Reconnaissance


Slide7: National Aerospace Initiative -- Technology Framework -- NAI Space Access Expendable (Missiles) Reusable [Mach 0 - 12] Reusable Launch Vehicle Long-Range Strike [Mach 0-7] Air-Breathing 1st Stage (TSTO) [Mach 0 - 12] 4 3 Space Technology High Speed Hypersonics Responsive Payloads Space Maneuvering Vehicle Space Control


Slide8: Aircraft follows a ballistic path back to the atmosphere Restart engine & return to airfield Once out of the atmosphere, the rocket separates from the aircraft first stage Re-entry of spent expendable 2nd stage 2nd stage rocket burn 3rd stage rocket burn Top stage burn provides orbit insertion and trim Supersonic zoom maneuver Ballistic coast out of the atmosphere after the zoom maneuver Zoom Coast DARPA RASCAL Program -- High Speed / Hypersonics, Space Access, Space Technology --


Slide9: FY02 FY12 Power Needs Energy & Power Technologies… Enabling a More Electric Force ENERGY STORAGE Batteries Capacitors POWER CONTROL AND DISTRIBUTION Switching & Conditioning Power Transmission & Distribution Thermal Management New Operational Capabilities Electric Warship Warrior High Power Microwave Space Based Radar Hybrid/Electric Combat Vehicle Electric/Hybrid Weapons More Electric Aircraft


Energy and Power Technologies: Sec Min Hrs Days Month Years 1 G 10 M 100K 1K 10 0.1 0.001 Mission Length Power, Watts DoD Focus Commercial Focus X Directed Energy Weapons X Ship DDX (Destroyer) X Future Combat System, Mobility X Cameras X Satellites X Warrior X Cars X Watches X Laptops X Home X Tools X Cell Phones Energy and Power Technologies


Slide11: Sensing: Management and tasking of pervasive, persistent sensors for enhancing battlespace knowledge Comms & Networking: Guaranteed, 365x24x7, mobile, information access and delivery (always-on “internet dial tone”) Knowledge Management: Dramatically improved speed of command through integrated Common Picture, Collaboration, and Planning Information Security (Cyber Ops): Network protection, information assurance; offensive disruption Surveillance and Knowledge Systems Information and Decision Dominance achieved through integrated C4ISR technologies that enable seamless, interoperable, knowledge-based, and assured Joint & Coalition Network-Centric Operations & Warfare.


Surveillance and KnowledgeEnabling Integrated C4ISR: Surveillance and Knowledge Enabling Integrated C4ISR Technology Foci Adaptive Networks Ubiquitous Sensors Decision Aids


Surveillance & Knowledge Metrics: Key Elements: Surveillance & Knowledge Metrics: Key Elements Sensing, Detection, & Tracking Effectiveness Common Picture Quality Decision Quality & Timeliness Network Coverage Interoperability & Flexibility Information Security, Survivability, and Response There is no single “Mach Number” metric to gauge success in C4ISR.


DoD Combating Terrorism Technology Task Force (CTTTF): DoD Combating Terrorism Technology Task Force (CTTTF) Task Force Established by DDR&E - Sept 19, 2001 Collaborative effort between DoD Service/Agency Science & Technology (S&T) Organizations, coordinating with: Joint Staff Combatant Commanders (CoComs) Other Federal Agencies Objectives: Identify needs and technologies for the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) Prioritize technology options with users Rapidly transition and field systems Coordinate Force Protection technology solutions


Slide15: DE-ATR with CBRV Nose cone (Insert) Dragon Eye (DE)-ATR (Chem-Bio-Video Advanced Tactical Recce) Visual Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) Real time chemical agent detection and data transmission to ground station Collection of biological agents Ground-based bioagent analysis 30 - 45 min Deployed in Operation Iraqi Freedom


Summary: Summary A robust, integrated, capabilities-based research and engineering program provides transformational options. Cross-Cutting Initiatives established National Aerospace Initiative Energy and Power Technologies Surveillance and Knowledge Systems Combating Terrorism Technology task Force is supporting technical options Accelerating the technology transition. Science & Engineering Workforce: Critical for transformation


Slide17: Backup


Potential Applications: Potential Applications Weapons Weapons Space Access Space Access Hypersonic Missile (Time-critical targets) Hypersonic Cruiser (Global Reach/Attack) Pursue Stepping- Stone Approach Near-Term Mid-Term Far-Term RLV (Affordable, timely access to space)


Slide19: Common System Attributes Rocket or Airbreather “Aircraft-Like” Ops Reliable & Maintainable Supportable & Operable Responsive Alert Capable Rapid Turn Time Autonomous Operations Minimal ground crew Low cost Minimal facilities CONUS launch / recover Low operations cost Responsive Space Access Rapid Global Reach National Aerospace Initiative -- Access To Space --


FALCON – Small Launch Vehicle Evolution : FALCON – Small Launch Vehicle Evolution Develop single design to launch sub-orbital CAV and launch small satellites into sun synchronous orbit Building-block tech development and flight demo approach Demonstrate significant characteristics enabling operational capability Staging Demo SLV w/ Simulated Payload Demo Integrated Enhanced CAV/SLV Demo Core Motor Flight


National Aerospace Initiative : National Aerospace Initiative Advancing U.S. aerospace capabilities is critical for national security, civil, and commercial sectors Space architecture options would increase if access to space was responsive, flexible, and affordable Leap-ahead technologies are developed for high speed strike, space access, and space missions Emphasis on rapidly advancing technology, flight tests, and technology demonstrations Stair-step approach provides “off-ramps” for fielding systems NAI is an integrated, national approach to sustain American leadership in aerospace


Project and Sustain EPTI: Project and Sustain EPTI Description: Revolutionize energy and power components for high impact and accelerated fielding of critical military platforms and weapons Major Goals: Power Generation in a decade: 2X more efficient Novel Power technology 2X more power dense Fuel Cell technology 10X more power dense Superconductor technology Energy Storage in a decade: 6X more energy dense Pulse Power Capacitor technology 2X more energy dense Battery technology Power Control and Distribution: High power switches, control and distribution & High heat flux, large area thermal management


Project and Sustain EPTI: Project and Sustain EPTI Meeting 2001 QDR’s Operational Goals: Anti-Access Capability Deep Strike and Ability to Mass Fires Stealth, Covert Insertion and Recovery of Personnel Minimize Logistics Footprint Dramatically Improved Operations and Maintenance Improved Fuel Efficiency Commonality Dominant Maneuver Overmatched Lethality Survivability Agile Deployability and Versatility Land-based Autonomous and Semi-Autonomous Systems Autonomous land-based robotic systems for surveillance and offensive engagement


Project and Sustain EPTI: Project and Sustain EPTI New / Enhanced Warfighting Capabilities: Silent watch/movement for stealth operations Extended operations and range for improved deployability Greater lethality w/ advanced weapons (Directed Energy Weapons (HEL, HPM) & Electromagnetic / Electrothermal Chemical Guns) Greater survivability (Dynamic Armor, Active Protection, Signature Management) Electric launch and recovery of aircraft helps control forces applied to aircraft Improved efficiency, all electric systems, and commonality reduce logistical burdens


Phase 1 (Sep 2001 – Feb 2002)Key Near-Term Technologies : Phase 1 (Sep 2001 – Feb 2002) Key Near-Term Technologies Conventional Air Launched Cruise Missile (CALCM) Penetrators Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Detector Chemistry to Fielded System – 90 Days Teaming: Defense Threat Reduction Agency Air Force Research Laboratory Air Armament Center Naval Surface Warfare Center Air Combat Command DoE / Lawrence Livermore National Lab Thermobaric Weapon Deployed / Employed in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Deployed & Employed in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)


CTTTF Phase 2 (May 2002 – Present) Priorities: CTTTF Phase 2 (May 2002 – Present) Priorities The “Next Theater of War” Exploit lessons learned from recent operations Engage Joint Staff & Combatant Commanders for emerging needs Update warfighters on technology options Update Phase I CTTTF results Homeland Security support Special Topics Interagency Coordination


Thermobaric HellfireAGM-114N: Thermobaric Hellfire AGM-114N Major Accomplishments Warhead qualification & testing Qualified for AH-1W Super Cobra Assessing qualification for Apache, Kiowa Warrior & Predator In process: Insensitive muntions approval / waiver & shipboard employment Operational demos completed 61 assets MOUT Target Program Objectives & Scope Operationally demo Hellfire missile with improved warhead & enhanced-lethality Scope limited to warhead modification with existing missile interfaces 15-month Program (11 mo development, 4 mo operational flight certification) -- Initial warhead screening & down select Warhead qualification tests & flight certification Technical data to support operational demos Hellfire Launch Program Requirements Demonstrate increased personnel lethality or incapacitation capability Compared to the baseline AGM-114M Against a typical urban structure for USMC Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT) Deployed & Employed in OIF Program Participants DTRA, USMC, Army, NAVAIR (NAWC, NSWC), Lockheed Martin