Mike Rolls

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Introduction: 

Introduction emissions and fuel projections other market drivers standardized plants improving performance repowering and CHP meeting future challenges

Comparative Emissions: 

Comparative Emissions Large Combustion Plant Directive (Values in mg/Nm 3) GTs >50MWth Coal >500MWth NOx 50 (natural gas) 500 120 (other gases) 200 from 2016 SO2 35 (all gas plant) 400 200 new plant Dust 5 50 30 new plant Carbon Dioxide CCGT (gas) Coal ~400gCO2/kWh ~900 gCO2//kWh ~700 gCO2/kWh (50% efficiency) Emissions are now driving the market – carbon pricing increases value of efficiency

Generation by fuel type - Projection: 

Generation by fuel type - Projection JESS Report November 2004

Natural Gas – Reserves to Production Ratios: 

Natural Gas – Reserves to Production Ratios North C/S Europe M East Africa Asia Pacific America America BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2004

Forecast UK Gas Supply and Demand: 

Forecast UK Gas Supply and Demand Jess Report November 2004

Market Drivers : 

Market Drivers Capital Cost Performance Ownership Costs Efficiency Dependability Flexibility Operator cost Outage duration Maintenance cost Low emissions is a given! Economic Return

Driving plant cost down: 

Driving plant cost down 1980’s Customized Solution 2000’s Competitive Solution in an Open Market Standardized Power Block 1990’s Reference Power Plant Design Reference Power Plant based on modules Project Specific based on “white sheet“

Standardization Approach: 

Standardization Approach HV Switch-gear Water Pretreatment Building Facilities Fuel Oil Storage Site Gas Preheating Fuel Transfer Civil Water Supply Water Treatment Electrical W/S-Cycle Machine House Arrangement I&C GT Generator ST Condenser HRSG Cooling Tower

Rye House 700MW CCGT Power Plant: 

Rye House 700MW CCGT Power Plant

Seabank Power 755 + 386MW CCGT: 

Seabank Power 755 + 386MW CCGT

Market Drivers : 

Market Drivers Capital Cost Performance Ownership Costs Efficiency Dependability Flexibility Operator cost Maintainability Parts life/cost Low emissions is a given! Economic Return

Plant Flexibility: 

Plant Flexibility start up times and fuel used in start-up/shut-down cycle ramp rates frequency response capability part-load capability Main issues:

Typical Load Regime of Combined Cycle Plants : 

Typical Load Regime of Combined Cycle Plants Cycling must be possible without base load disadvantages Unit Load / GT Speed Base Load Operation Cycling Cycling

Fast-cycling CCGT – main features and benefits : 

Fast-cycling CCGT – main features and benefits Operating benefits: Lower fuel consumption and higher power output Market opportunities: Participation in ancillary markets Operating flexibility: Provision for future market developments Fast Start-up capability increases plant owner's competitiveness Fast ST start-up mode, patented ST stress controller LP IP HP Gas turbine Generator HRSG CPP Steam turbine Implementation of condensate polishing plant BENSONTM once-through design in HP section Maximal GT load ramp

The BENSON System - Elimination of thick-walled components: 

The BENSON System - Elimination of thick-walled components thick-walled HP drum limits operating flexibility due to high thermal stresses natural circulation principle Evaporator Drum Exhaust Gas flow Superheater Drum-type HRSG

Typical start-up after overnight outage: 

Typical start-up after overnight outage BENSON Start-up time is significantly reduced due to unrestricted GT start-up

Part-load efficiency: 

Part-load efficiency Relative power output % Relative Efficiency % 100 70 50 fixed pressure mode Mass flow % sliding pressure mode 100 0 HP steam pressure % HP, IP pressure operation 60 60 IGVs maintain exhaust temperature and combined cycle efficiency at part load HRSG requires pressure to be maintained in the low load range.

Peterhead Repowering Project : 

Peterhead Repowering Project

Gas-fired CHP: 

Gas-fired CHP low cost electricity and heat to host long-term price stability and security of supply carbon benefits to society (should be reflected in site EU ETS position) Should provide: Present situation: economics unattractive conflicting policies – even if unintended regulations complex for one-off industry developer No significant CHP projects are currently under construction

Meeting Future Challanges: 

Meeting Future Challanges continuous improvement of existing range improve efficiency (>60%) without loss of flexibility and dependability materials to meet high temperatures with adequate life steam v air cooling maintaining simplicity of operation

Slide21: 

Power Generation