Mechanising Cryptography

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Mechanising Cryptography: 

Mechanising Cryptography Professor Richard Walton CB

Slide2: 

Cryptography is concerned with the application of technology to the problem of encrypting and decrypting a message. The Mathematics is subordinate to the technology

20th Century Cryptography: 

20th Century Cryptography Development of Crypt in the 1900s Manual Methods Slow Laborious Error-Prone Need to mechanise Importance of technology for design Nature of technological constraints

CRYPTOGRAPHY: 

CRYPTOGRAPHY Cost Cost

Cryptanalysis 1918: 

Cryptanalysis 1918 Knowledge of language Frequency Analysis Key Re-use (Depth) Skill Requirement: To solve crossword puzzles in foreign languages

Rotor Machines: 

Rotor Machines

Rotors: 

Rotors

Commercial Enigma: 

Commercial Enigma

Enigma: 

Enigma

Enigma: 

Enigma Army Navy Navy – 4 wheel

Early Machine Cryptography : 

Early Machine Cryptography Limitations of Security Design Balance Security against Cost Usability – Human Factors

Electronics – 1960-1980: 

Electronics – 1960-1980 Shift Registers and Simple Logic Gates Linear Algebra Galois Theory Rich Mathematical structure Rigorous Analysis Expensive Components

Large Scale Integration: 

Large Scale Integration Application Specific Integrated Circuits Complex Algorithms Tailored to purpose Standard Cryptographic Primitives Software and Firmware

Public Key Cryptography: 

Public Key Cryptography Key Management Non-Secret Encryption Ellis, Cocks & Williamson Beyond 1970’s technology Widespread after 1985 Search for easier solutions Elliptic Curve Cryptography

Next Challenge: 

Next Challenge Quantum Computers destroy current Public Key algorithms Find new algorithms to resist Quantum Computer attacks

Slide19: 

Mechanising Cryptography Acknowledgement Illustrations concerning Enigma in this presentation have been taken from the user manual for Enigma – E by Paul Reuvers & Marc Simons. For details of Enigma-E, which is available for purchase from Bletchley Park Museum, see www.xat.nl/enigma-e/