TNRD WTE

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PRESENTATION: 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PRESENTATION WASTE TO ENERGY PROJECT T.N.R.D. British Columbia GASIFICATION TO ENERGY Reasonable, Responsible & Recycling

Waste to Energy: 

Waste to Energy 3P projects can yield interesting benefits

Public Private Partnerships: 

Public Private Partnerships Intended to satisfy public goals with private discipline. On Time, On Budget and operations as expected. Our MRRF is intended to be a partnership. Gives T.N.R.D. and other participants active involvement in the public recycling goals of the Province and Canada. Clear principals and integrity in execution.

PRIVATE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS –All Risks: 

PRIVATE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS –All Risks Transferable Risk Project delivery risk profile Lifecycle Cost Certainty Open and transparent communication

 Project Delivery Risk: 

Project Delivery Risk Vendor Design Bid Build General Contractor DB DBO Contract – P3 DBFO - P3 Concession or BOOT Private Ownership Courtesy: Epcor

Slide7: 

Biosphere Gasifier Rendering Ecology Wet Cell

Front End Recycling: 

Front End Recycling We tend to prefer projects which remove recyclable materials, and non recyclable materials. We can’t gasify stone and glass, and we should recycle aluminum cans, etc.

Waste Transfer can be clean: 

Waste Transfer can be clean Transfer to Waste Processing can be direct or by trans shipment. Baling systems can produce wrapped waste with NO odor and NO negative image.

Fully enclosed waste transfer: 

Fully enclosed waste transfer

Visually neutral.: 

Visually neutral. Bales weigh approximately 3,500 pounds each. Compressed approximately 14:1 ratio. Can be stacked deeply, and held in high temperatures without problems

Refuse Derived Fuel: 

Refuse Derived Fuel Municipal solid waste (MSW) is processed into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) in a MRF – i.e., in a Material Recycling Facility The RDF can be gasified in an Biosphere Gasifier The RDF can also be mixed with 82% moisture content “belt pressed” Municipal sewage sludge and gasified in an Biosphere Gasifier

Prototype 15 Million Btu/h Unit: 

Prototype 15 Million Btu/h Unit

Direct-fired lumber kilns: 

Direct-fired lumber kilns

Indirectly fired dryer in Pulp mill: 

Indirectly fired dryer in Pulp mill

Firing lime kiln: 

Firing lime kiln

Proven Commercial Performance : 

Proven Commercial Performance Two units (45,000,000 Btu x 2) have been running continuously for 27 years. The machine has lasted longer than most of the ten forestry product companies who installed units. Reliable, robust, solid and proven fluidized bed updraft gasification that can project finance.

Miscellaneous Wastes: 

Miscellaneous Wastes Municipal Solid Waste Refuse derived fuel Bio Solids or Sludge from waste water Used Railway Ties & Telephone Poles Construction and Demolition Debris Land Clearing Debris Poultry litter Cow Manure Pig Manure Mixtures of the above

Diagram of 3 - 90 Million Btu/h Biosphere Gasifiers “Externally” Co-firing an existing boiler: 

Diagram of 3 - 90 Million Btu/h Biosphere Gasifiers “Externally” Co-firing an existing boiler

Firing of Steam Turbine: 

Firing of Steam Turbine Biomass is gasified in separate units built alongside of steam turbine. Gasifiers 2,000oF ± 200oF products of combustion are ducted to Heat Exchangers which drive steam into the Turbine. Products of combustion from Heat Exchanger goes into our special bag houses. Biomass moisture content up to 65% is “OK” for our gasifiers.

Significant Features, 1: 

Significant Features, 1 Four air sources: Underfire air gasifies biomass in the 1st stage Overfire air preheats 1st stage producer gas to ensure ignition in the 2nd stage Primary combustion air ignites the preheated producer gas at the bottom of the 2nd stage Secondary combustion air completes combustion of producer gas in the 2nd stage

Significant Features, 2 : 

Significant Features, 2 Very large 1st stage grate area Hence grate temperature ≤ 1,200oF Hence essentially zero slag Ash can be reclaimed as valuable products Very low underfire air flow (only need sufficient air to gasify biomass) Hence very low particulate elutriation off pile

Significant Features, 3: 

Significant Features, 3 The Biosphere Gasifier can burn biomass with moisture contents up to 65% (wet basis) and ash contents up to 35% 5:1 turndown ratio is standard; 9:1 is not uncommon 15 second response time to step change in Btu Demand signal Abort valve permits rapid dumping of products of combustion in an emergency

Refuse Derived Fuel: 

Refuse Derived Fuel Municipal solid waste (MSW) is processed into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) in a MRF – i.e., in a Material Recycling Facility The RDF can be gasified in an Biosphere Gasifier The RDF can also be mixed with 82% moisture content “belt pressed” Thunder Bay Municipal sewage sludge and gasified in an Biosphere Gasifier

Physical Plant Construction: 

Physical Plant Construction

CONSTRUCTION: 

CONSTRUCTION Estimated direct workforce will be 35 to 40 men for approximately fourteen months. Additional jobs will likely be in transportation and supply.

Construction Major Trades: 

Construction Major Trades Heavy Equipment operators Electrical, Major and sub-systems Machinists, Welders and fitters Power Equipment, Cranes, Concrete Refractory

Environmental Compliance: 

Environmental Compliance

KYOTO PROTOCOL TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION; CLIMATE CHANGE : 

KYOTO PROTOCOL TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION; CLIMATE CHANGE Reducing the greenhouse gas effects of the combustion of fossil fuels is exactly the value produced by a biomass and refuse derived fuel based power plant. ZERO “new” CO2 production cycle.

Biosphere Gasifier: 

Biosphere Gasifier 1st Stage: gentle updraft gasification on very large grate 2nd Stage: vigorous, double vortex, cyclonic combustion Emissions (untreated): CO < 1 ppm, NOx< 15 ppm, particulate < 100 mg/Nm3 (< 0.125 lb/106 Btu; < 0.04 gr/dscf) Emissions listed are prior to treatment, Bag House @ PM2.5 and Wet Tubular Electrostatic Precipitators are planned for projects. Units in continuous operation for 25+ years

Significant Features, 4: 

Significant Features, 4 Staged combustion permits operating with excess air levels as low as 15% The lime kiln test unit burned 55% moisture content hog fuel and supplied 2,200oF flue gas to the kiln @  = 15% Staged combustion and low temperatures (due to wet fuels) combine to produce virtually zero thermal NOx

Significant Features, 5: 

Significant Features, 5 Dioxins and Furans Destroyed, viz., Chlorine can react with cellulose to form dioxins and furans in the 1st stage However, these gases are destroyed in the 2nd stage with its 1,800oF plus brick walls No black waterwalls are present to chill - and lock in - dioxins or furans in the 2nd stage

Dioxins & Furans M.A.C.T.: 

Dioxins & Furans M.A.C.T. M.A.C.T. is maximum available control technology. (Also sometimes known as B.A.C.T. or Best Available Control Technology). While we should not have any issue with this on our gasification, we include special bag houses that would automatically catch any dioxins or furans at 40% below the current A7 Ontario Standards. Very, very clean.

Natural Exposure is Forest Fire: 

Natural Exposure is Forest Fire

Catalytic Filter System: 

Catalytic Filter System

Metals, Sulphur etc.: 

Metals, Sulphur etc.

Metals removed (not supposed to be there…): 

*Maximum liquid and direct burn ** Maximum sludge burn *** Maximum bulk solids burn Metals removed (not supposed to be there…)

NOx M.A.C.T.: 

NOx M.A.C.T. The Idaho National Laboratory has come up with a way to insert a “re-burn” chamber for NOx on the exit ducting of our gasification unit. Given the low proteins in municipal waste product and very low thermal NOx this would be a very conservative move that we would do more for “PR” than any need –but this is a test we are interested in and will pursue.

Agricultural Wastes : 

Agricultural Wastes With a grate temperature of 1,200oF, potassium (potash) and sodium (soda) in agricultural and animal waste do not vaporize to form alkali deposits on boiler tubes Potassium vaporizes at 1,400oF and sodium vaporizes at 1,616oF The potash and soda remain in the 1st stage, from which they are removed by the built-in ash removal system and sold to farmers depending on what else is present

Economics, Job Benefits: 

Economics, Job Benefits

Slide46: 

Biosphere Gasifier Rendering Ecology Wet Cell

Thank you.: 

Thank you. We look forward to answering any of your questions on all of the topics covered in this presentation. You can reach Paul Finestone at 818-995-6706, or on email: paul@biosphereenergy.com You can reach Bill Bohoslawac at 604-727-1005 Thank you.