Laurie Garrett infectious plus chronic short

Examples of Trends: 

Examples of Trends Chronic Disease: Overweight and Obesity Epidemic: United States (Developed World) Infectious Disease: AIDS/Tuberculosis: (Developing World) War/Violence Environmental Contamination Common Themes: Issues of Public Health Infrastructure Population Shifts: Suburbanization/Urbanization Political Will

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Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1985 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4' woman)

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Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1988 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4' woman)

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Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1991 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4' woman)

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Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1995 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4' woman)

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Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2000 (*BMI  30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4' woman)

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2002: 

Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2002 *BMIandgt;30 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc 1999;282:16, 2001;286:10.

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Diabetes Prevalence, 1991-92

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Diabetes Prevalence 2000

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Hours of TV Viewed Daily 1960-1992 Millions of Person-Miles in Automobiles, 1970-1990 Percent of Workforce in Sedentary Occupations, 1950-1996 800 k-calories/day decrease in 20 years Emergence of an Inactive Society

Population shifts:Suburbanization of the U.S., 1990-98: 

Population shifts: Suburbanization of the U.S., 1990-98

The Burden of Physical Inactivity: 

The Burden of Physical Inactivity The Problem 27% of adults are sedentary 61% of adults are overweight 1 in 4 adults is obese The Outcome Obesity, CVD, Cancer, Diabetes Physical inactivity is a primary factor in over 250,000 deaths annually. Medical costs associated with physical inactivity and its consequences may exceed $76 billion annually. Data Sources: 2000 BRFSS, 1999 NHANES, Powell 1994, Pratt et. al. 2000

Physical Inactivity and Overweight Trends Among Youth: 

Physical Inactivity and Overweight Trends Among Youth 1 in 3 high school youth do not engage in vigorous physical activity Less than 30% attend daily physical education 1 in 7 Youth ages 6-19 is Overweight Children watch more t.v. in a year than attend school

The Disappearing Walk to School: 

The Disappearing Walk to School 1 in 4 trips made by 5-15 year olds are for the journey to and from school. Only 10% of these trips are made by walking and bicycling. Of school trips one mile or less, about 28% are walk-based and less than 1% are bike-based. 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey

Children Are Walking Less and Becoming Increasingly Overweight: 

Children Are Walking Less and Becoming Increasingly Overweight Surface Transportation Policy Project Data Analysis - 2001

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The Developing World: 

The Developing World 1 Billion People Out of a Global Population of 6 Billion Presently Live in Slum-like Conditions.

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Women with HIV: 

Women with HIV

Effects of AIDS on Family: 

Effects of AIDS on Family

HIV Cases Worldwide: 

HIV Cases Worldwide

AIDS Mortality: 

AIDS Mortality

Life Expectancy Rate: 

Life Expectancy Rate

“Chimney Effect”: 

'Chimney Effect'

Economic Devastation: 

Economic Devastation

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Drawing Blood w/out Gloves: 

Drawing Blood w/out Gloves

Reuse of Contaminated Instruments: 

Reuse of Contaminated Instruments

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Black Market Pharmaceuticals: 

Black Market Pharmaceuticals

How Pharmaceuticals Spend Their Money: 

How Pharmaceuticals Spend Their Money