The Wider Black Sea Area Civil Security Cooperation Civil Security as a tool for Security Sector Integration and Regional Cooperation in WBSA based on Civil Society Initiatives : The Wider Black Sea Area Civil Security Cooperation Civil Security as a tool for Security Sector Integration and Regional Cooperation in WBSA based on Civil Society Initiatives NATO ARW Bansko 5-9 April 2005
Dr. Velizar Shalamanov
PPD SfP981149
CoE in Operational Analyses (http://www.gcmarshall.bg/sfp981149/)
In IPP-BAS
This publication is supported by NATO’s Scientific Division in the framework of Science for Peace Program - Project SFP-981149 (2005-2007)
Acknowledgement: Acknowledgement
This publication is supported by NATO’s Scientific Division in the framework of Science for Peace Program - Project SFP-981149 (2005-2007) under implementation of the study “The Shift from National to Civil/Societal Security: Towards Effective Transformation of the Security Sector,” supported by Bulgaria’s National Science Fund under contract VU-MI-103/2005 as one of the criteria of success for the SfP981149.
The study is conducted by an interdisciplinary research team with participants from the “G.S. Rakovski” Defense and Staff College, the Academy of the Ministry of the Interior, the Center for National Security and Defense Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, and the Institute for Security and International Studies, all based in Sofia, Bulgaria and working as a partners of the CoE in OA under SfP981149.
Outline: Outline The Wider Black Sea Area Definition
Change Management Concept in Security Area
From National Security to Civil Security
Transformation to Integrated Security Sector
Civil Security Concept Development and Scenario Generation for Experimentation: Bulgarian and GBSA/SEE Cases
Experimentation of Concepts through CAX in Civil Security Area
Software Package for Crisis Management CAX.
Enterprise Architecture of JTSAC for CAX on Crisis Management
Architecture of Communications Infrastructure
Effective Management of Research Organizations / Projects
JTSAC Support from CoE-OA
What is WBSA? : What is WBSA? Littoral states of the Black Sea?
Are Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan included?
What about Greece, Macedonia, Albania?
How SEEDM and GUAM are linked?
Is USA included with its forces footprint in some of the key countries – Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania as well as key role in SEEDM and new BSEC observer status?
Where are the borders and what is the interconnection with adjacent regions of Central Asia, Middle East, Gulf, greater Middle East?
Is there recognition in NATO, EU, US, Russia of the region as such?
NATO’s Black Sea Region? : NATO’s Black Sea Region? Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey!
USA is included with its forces footprint in some of the key countries – Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania as well as its key role in SEEDM, presence in Georgia?
The involvement of Albania and Macedonia as MAP countries
The involvement of Ukraine and Georgia as new democracies Romania Bulgaria Greece Turkey Albania Macedonia Ukraine Georgia USA Black Sea Oil fields, instability Oil consumers,
security providers
Russia
Related “regions”: Related “regions” Link with Central Europe (Romania)
Link with the SEE (Bulgaria)
Link with Caucasus (Georgia) and further with Central Asia (STANs)
New borders with key regions (Turkey)
NATO
EU
Russia and CIS as Euro-Asian sub-region
Links Between BSR and Adjacent Regions: Links Between BSR and Adjacent Regions Link with Central Europe (Romania)
Link with SEE (Bulgaria)
Link with the Caucasus (Georgia) and further with Central Asia (STANs)
New borders with key regions (Turkey)
EU
Russia
NATO as a whole Russia Central Asia SEE Other key regions NATO
EU
CE S.C. Black Sea Region
Political future of WBSA: Political future of WBSA Political landscape (CoE)
Maturity of the Civil Society (US)
Status of the Market Economy (EU)
Wider framework of security (OSCE)
Security Sector Institutions and Partnership for Security (NATO)
BSEC role
UN representation
Is there common vision for WBSA?: Is there common vision for WBSA? About the region from outside
From the region itself
What about the leadership and will?
What about the faith in better future?
short term
long term
What about the capacity?
Elements of the WBSA Security and Integration Plan : Elements of the WBSA Security and Integration Plan + invest in democratic/legal market institutions
+ support organizational development of state/legal market institutions
+ support civil society development and maturity (coalitions)
+ motivate cooperation
- block illegal capitals
- suppress organizations of former secret services
- block infiltration in NGOs of former secret services
- block attempts for domination / isolation
Need for internal agreement and will as well as external commitment
Invariant steps forward - I: Invariant steps forward - I United efforts to fight strategic crime in the region based on networks of former secret services and trafficking channels
Maintaining involvement of the region in the framework of total war against terrorism with larger cooperation in the WBSA
Strengthening of the civil society – locally and on regional basis, building of coalitions
Intensive regional cooperation with the involvement of NATO in education and training in order to motivate network centric, knowledge based influence to the future (US-NATO-EU with PfP Consortium and DCAF can play role)
Invariant steps forward - II: Invariant steps forward - II Regional cooperation in emergency management – NATO, EU and SP/BSEC can play role
SSR (transformation into integrated security sector) – to include not only military, but police, civil protection, special services, judiciary system (NATO and EU can play role with serious participation of GCDCAF)
Consider the future of WBSA in larger context of the future of Europe and regions adjacent to Europe through WBSA when developing long-term strategy and implementation projects
NATO Focus: NATO Focus Modalities for cooperation in NATO format – Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey and the US
These modalities should be based on key NATO priorities: capabilities, interoperability, NRF, operations, partnership with neighbors.
NATO focus should take into consideration EU developments and OSCE / UN needs.
NATO should support regional initiatives – SEEDM, BLACKSEEFOR and even BSEC, Stability Pact for SEE (WT III)
Opportunities for Cooperation: Opportunities for Cooperation Education and Training – from MVLE to Virtual University / Civil Society Network of Security related NGO
Research and Development – academic support of transformation through Center for Security and Integration in a Network of CoE on Transformation Support (NATO SC HSD Panel)
Joint approach to emergency management under a common model of Civil Security in the region
Common model for border security
Joint approach to air and maritime security
Multinational formations for expeditionary operations and NATO/US/EU military footprint in the region
Agency for Joint Projects in Security Sector Transformation with EU/US participation especially for the smaller nations such as Albania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Macedonia, Moldova.
Regional Framework - NATO Framework: Regional Framework - NATO Framework WG with leading nation and participation of others.
Reporting to NATO through national missions.
Forming a NATO project with participation of other willing NATO countries outside the region.
Involvement of NATO agencies and working bodies.
Joint implementation through regional structures.
Extension to partners in the PfP/EAPC framework.
Coordination with other institutions.
Involvement of Other Institutions and Countries: Involvement of Other Institutions and Countries EU
Border security
Emergency management
Battle groups
EDA
US
Joint training
Joint modernization projects
Joint deployment
Military presence
Emergency Management – Civil Security: Emergency Management – Civil Security
Strengthen joint approaches to emergency management and border security
Critical infrastructure management and protection
Develop a common concept of Civil Security in the region as a key part of the Euroatlantic Area
Role of the SEE Council of CP Directors and BSI on CMEP
Model of Bulgaria – Separate State Agency for Civil Protection under Member of the Cabinet, responsible for EM, but at the same time dealing with State Reserve, Refugees, Minorities, etc. – close cooperation with local administration.
Development of Civil Guard structures?
Model of IEMS (USTDA Project) and regular CAX/CPX/FX.
Security Environment: Security Environment Peace or War? – many studies accomplished and focus on CM identified
Types of crisis we face:
Disasters / Catastrophes
Public Order / Security
Military / paramilitary operations – expeditionary ops
Threatened interests abroad
Terrorism and organized crime / trafficking
Crisis Management: Crisis Management Scope of risks activated to form the situation
Speed of development of the situation
Scope of citizens involved / impacted
Scope of involved institutions (local, district, national, regional, global)
Scope of required resources as quality and quantity
Scope of legal norms activated
Scope of the cooperation on the ground
From National Security to Civil Security: Strategic Review for Transformation to Integrated Security Sector: From National Security to Civil Security: Strategic Review for Transformation to Integrated Security Sector Establishing of National Academic SST Center between DSC, AMoI, CNSDR-BAS and GCMA-Bu
Development of Methodology for SST Support
Development of UCJTL for Crisis Management / Civil Security and Combined Joint Capabilities Planning
Civil Security Concept–Citizen(s) and its Living Environment in the Center: Civil Security Concept–Citizen(s) and its Living Environment in the Center Third Pillar of the Security Sector: Crisis Response and Emergency Management Service = Civil Security Organization
Civil Society and Citizen: Third Factor in SSR to address Civil Security
Balance between central power and local powers
Balance between public and private component
Balance between state component and volunteer components
Balance between Civil Security Organization and MoD / MoI, other traditional security sector services
Level of international cooperation
Building of Integrated Security Sector through Third Generation SSR
White paper on Civil Security in Bulgaria presented in 2004
Concept for Protection of Population and National Economy as Civil Security Concept is supported in 2005/2006
Third Generation of SSR: Integrated Security Sector (ISS) focused on Civil Security: Third Generation of SSR: Integrated Security Sector (ISS) focused on Civil Security
Functional Challenge - responsibilities
Structural Challenge – separate organization
Operational Challenge – leading / support organization for different operations
Capabilities Challenge – ownership of critical capabilities
Other specific challenges to ISS: Other specific challenges to ISS Program Management Challenge – for capabilities, for early warning, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery
Resource Management Challenge
Legal Issues
Organizational Issues
C2 System Issue (NCO – network centric ops, NEC – network enabled capabilities) – integrated emergency management system (IEMS)
General challenges to ISS: General challenges to ISS Civil Control Issue: Parliamentarian control of resources, operations, personnel policy
International Cooperation Issue (SEE, BSCR / WBSA, NATO/PfP, EU, OSCE) – Code of Conduct and Cooperation on Emergency Management
Change Management Issue (Transformation) of the security sector to address new missions and for regional cooperation
Key Role of Scenario Development in Concept Experimentation Security Scenario Development NATO ARW, Boyana-2005, Bulgaria: Key Role of Scenario Development in Concept Experimentation Security Scenario Development NATO ARW, Boyana-2005, Bulgaria Methodology identified
Regional view tested
Network Established
but
Follow up is postponed
Local owner is missed
NATO, EU, US interest is limited
Institutional approach similar to SEEGROUP SEECAP is needed for Civil Security – possible goal for NATO ARW, Bansko-2006, Bulgaria
Scenarios: Scenarios Set of events out of our control (NRBC, Medical, Seismological, Meteo & Hydrological)
Vulnerabilities of population / infrastructure
Universal CJ CM Task List
Reaction forces – mission capabilities packages
C4ISR for CM (Network of EOC)
Scenario development, management and simulation
Information collection and analysis (LL)
Academic Support to SST around Civil Security Concept: Academic Support to SST around Civil Security Concept Political and legal framework to guide and support integrated security sector: Strategic Review of the Security and Security Sector
Enterprise Architecture Governance Methodology for third generation of SSR
Tools for support of Enterprise Architecture Governance Methodology for third generation of SSR, including CAX
EU TACOM SEE-2006 as a Case Study on Civil Security Driven SST: EU TACOM SEE-2006 as a Case Study on Civil Security Driven SST Terrorist attack – disasters / catastrophes consequence management
New Emergency management (Civil Security Ministry) and its cooperation with MoD, MoI and other agencies for integrated response
SEE Regional Cooperation and EU MIC, NATO EADRCC
Bul Protection 2006, EU CME 06, NATO CMX 06 exercises integration
Extension to WBSA and integration in PfP/EAPC and EU Neighborhood Policy
Software Package for Crisis Management CAX: Software Package for Crisis Management CAX
TACOM – National CM Center (NCMC)
TACOM – District CM Center (DCMC)
TACOM – Field CM Center (FCMC)
TACOM – Agency CM Center (ACMC)
TACOM – International POC (IPOC)
TACOM – M&S Tools (MST)
TACOM – Scenario Management (SM)
MOSEX Software package (Modules for Support of Exercise): MOSEX Software package (Modules for Support of Exercise)
JTSAC architecture (IPP – BAS as base for JTSAC): JTSAC architecture (IPP – BAS as base for JTSAC) 1st floor:
CAX development rooms
Distaff rooms
National Crisis Management Center (training)
Computer Center
Communications / Forecast Center
2nd floor
Briefing room
Coordination Cell
Press-Center
VIP hall
Refreshment site
Architecture of Communications Infrastructure: Architecture of Communications Infrastructure External Comms Center
Other agencies
NATO, EU, UN, OSCE
Countries in the region
Emergency Call Center
Monitoring ad Forecast Center
Weather
Other critical factors
Alert Center for Crisis Situations
Network Control Center (including Information Assurance)
Comms for support of external elements of CAX (EU TACOM SEE-2006 case): Comms for support of external elements of CAX (EU TACOM SEE-2006 case)
Effective Management: Effective Management Management of Research Organizations (CoE-OA case)
Management of Research Projects (CM CAX case)
Integration of NATO, EU, US and National Funding for Development of JTSAC-CS
JTSAC-IPP Organization Structure : JTSAC-IPP Organization Structure General Management Planning
and PR Costing and
analyses WG1
National Base for Supporting Cooperation: National Base for Supporting Cooperation Strategy and Implementation Plan with Parliamentarian Support
Office of Transformation
Center of Operational Analyses (COA) to support CDE/ATD
Acquisition Agency
Involvement of National R&D / S&T Community
Involvement of National Defense Industry
Involvement of the other industries
JTSAC Support from CoE-OA for SST (NATO SfP => EU FWP7): JTSAC Support from CoE-OA for SST (NATO SfP => EU FWP7) Concept development and study of political / legal framework, scenario development with NATO ARW
Architecture development and assessment with USTDA IEMS Feasibility Study
CAX for experimentation, training, knowledge acquisition with EU TACOM SEE-2006
Change management: planning, costing, performance measurement, reporting with development of Ministry of State Policy on Disasters and Catastrophes (MSPDC)
Knowledge management and education / training with DSC, AMoI, UNWE, SU and National Training Center Directorate of MSPDC
Where is the CОА situated among other organizations?: Where is the CОА situated among other organizations? Parliament President Government MoD MoI Civil Protection Other Agencies COA
Change Management Security Council Institutes of BAS Universities Defense Industry Other Industries Back office Governance / Costumers Costumers Implementation / Competition
Where is the COA situated along the CDE/ATD process in support of transformation?: Where is the COA situated along the CDE/ATD process in support of transformation? Concept development Experimentation Advanced Technology Demonstration Acquisition Transformation Process … => COA in CM Transformation Office Acquisition Office Training / CAX Operations Force Preparation Force Employment
Regional (SEE/WBSA) Training, Simulation and Analysis Center on Civil Security: Regional (SEE/WBSA) Training, Simulation and Analysis Center on Civil Security Step to Civil Security Coordination Center for WBSA
Research in the Area of Civil Security and Concept Development
Training, including ADL and CAX / Simulations for Experimentation
Analysis and LL from Exercises
Certification of personnel and teams
Integration between MoDs, MoIs and Civil Protection Services (Emergency Management Ministries) using Academic Environment
Joint venture – Administration / NGO, Universities, Academia Institutes; Regional players / NATO, EU, US
Regional JTSAC Implementation: Regional JTSAC Implementation Strategy for development of Regional (SEE/GBSA) JTSAC – Civil Security (Civil Protection) as Bulgarian Contribution to EU/NATO/US efforts in SEE/GBSA in the Area of Emergency Management (CMEP)
Bulgaria is active in drafting Black Sea Strategy of NATO. Bulgaria is chairing for two years BSEC – WG “Civil Protection”, and is very active in NATO with EADRCC as well as in EU with MIC.
For EU TACOM SEE-2006 in the Institute of parallel processing (IPP-BAS) the National Joint Training Simulation and Analysis Center (JTSAC) on Civil Security (Civil Protection) will be established and with Government commitment will be very easy to be promoted as Regional (SEE/GBSA) JTSAC – Civil Security (Civil Protection).
Conclusions: Conclusions Definition of WBSA
Definition of Civil Security
Definition of the Integrated Security Sector as a goal for Third Generation of SSR
Academic Support to Transformation of the Security Sector to Integrated Network of Organizations on three levels
Role of CAX in SST to ISS based on CS Concept
JTSAC main tool for CAX support in change management
Education for Change Management – key instrument for change management (link with PfP Consortium and Education for Reform Initiative)
Education for Change Management in Security Sector on Civil Security (international master degree): Education for Change Management in Security Sector on Civil Security (international master degree) National and International Security Course
SSR and Integrated Security Sector Course
Crisis Management and Civil Security Course
EAG and CAX Course
Program / Resource Management in Security Area Course
Knowledge Management in Security Area Course
Civil – Military Relations and Civil Control Course