Final Ghana presentation sophie

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Slide1: 

Sophie Johnson Teshamulwa Okioga Iman Yazdani GH2O Consultants Drinking Water Solutions for the Northern Region of Ghana Final Presentation 27 April 2007

Ghana Background: 

Ghana Background www.ashesi.org/GHANA/map.gif Land area of 240,000 km2 Population of 22.5 million Official language is English Tropical climate in the south and semi-arid in the north In the Northern Region, 1 out of 1.8 million people lack access to an improved water supply

Pure Home Water (PHW): 

Pure Home Water (PHW) Presence of Pure Home Water in Northern Ghana (Mattelet 2006).

HEALTH AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING OF PURE HOME WATER’S CERAMIC FILTER DISSEMINATION: 

HEALTH AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING OF PURE HOME WATER’S CERAMIC FILTER DISSEMINATION By Sophie Johnson

Project Goal: 

Project Goal

Household Surveys: 

Household Surveys

Water Quality Tests: 

Water Quality Tests

Epidemiology Results from All Households: 

Epidemiology Results from All Households

Epidemiology Analysis: 

Epidemiology Analysis

Water Quality Results: 

Water Quality Results

Water Quality Results: Filtered vs. Source Water: 

Water Quality Results: Filtered vs. Source Water

Business Results: Quick Look at the 4P’s: 

Business Results: Quick Look at the 4P’s

Conclusions: 

Conclusions

WATER QUALITY AND BUSINESS ASPECTS OF SACHET-VENDED WATER IN TAMALE, GHANA : 

WATER QUALITY AND BUSINESS ASPECTS OF SACHET-VENDED WATER IN TAMALE, GHANA By Teshamulwa Okioga

Objectives : 

Objectives

Sachet-Water: 

Sachet-Water Photo: Ali Badoudi (2007)

Source of Sachet Water: 

Source of Sachet Water

Packaging of Factory-Produced Sachet Water: 

Packaging of Factory-Produced Sachet Water Yarn Filters UV Disinfecting Unit

Average production: 

Average production

Hand-tied Sachet-Water…: 

Hand-tied Sachet-Water… Cloth filter used for raw water Knotting the sachets Filling sachets 30 to 200 sachets bagged per day Cost $0.02 per sachet (0.7l)

Methodology : 

Methodology

Turbidity Results: 

Turbidity Results 20% of the factory-produced sachet water that was tested and 93% of the hand-tied sachet water had turbidities greater than 5 NTU, the maximum turbidity level set by the 1998 Ghana Standards Board

Slide23: 

Hand-tied sachet water more problematic in terms of water quality and required more attention to improve through treatment, storage and handling

Slide24: 

Hand-tied sachet water more problematic in terms of water quality and required more attention to improve through treatment, storage and handling

Interviews and Surveys – Customers (30 interviewed) : 

Interviews and Surveys – Customers (30 interviewed) For 37%, sachet water formed the sole supply of drinking water, even at home! Price perception: Hand-tied sachet water Comparison of water drank at home vs. away from home

Suggested Treatment and Storage: 

Suggested Treatment and Storage

Suggested Low-cost Packaging Alternatives for Hand-tied Sachet Water: 

Suggested Low-cost Packaging Alternatives for Hand-tied Sachet Water Source: Fellows. P (1997) Electric heat sealer for sealing plastic films

Conclusions: 

Conclusions

Recommendations: 

Recommendations

SOLAR DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA: 

SOLAR DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA Iman Yazdani

Solar Disinfection: 

Solar Disinfection Use of the sun’s energy to kill pathogens Dissolved Oxygen Infrared Ultra-Violet

Solar Disinfection: Some Constraints: 

Solar Disinfection: Some Constraints Photo by Melinda Foran Figure: Aftim Acra 1984

Solar Disinfection: Method 1: 

Solar Disinfection: Method 1

Solar Disinfection: Method 2: 

Solar Disinfection: Method 2

Research Objectives: 

Research Objectives

Research Methodology: 

Research Methodology

Radiation: Dust Haze: 

Radiation: Dust Haze

Results: Aerosol Index: 

Results: Aerosol Index

Results: Radiation Readings: 

Results: Radiation Readings

Results: Radiation vs. AI Model: 

Results: Radiation vs. AI Model

Results: Disinfection: 

Results: Disinfection

Results: Disinfection: 

Results: Disinfection

Results: Dissolved Oxygen Levels: 

Results: Dissolved Oxygen Levels Tests show that shaking does not increase Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels in the containers Enough air above water-air interface in the container that the water is almost saturated, even without shaking

Conclusions: 

Conclusions Complete disinfection did not take place Loss of UV due to scattering & absorption by dust haze No increase in photo-oxidative disinfection with shaking No increase in DO with shaking

Thank You!: 

Thank You! Figure: unimaps.com

References: 

References