Preventing Suicide for Faith Basedand

Preventing Suicide for Faith-Based and Community Organizations:What Works!: 

Preventing Suicide for Faith-Based and Community Organizations: What Works! David Litts, Associate Director Suicide Prevention Resource Center June 8, 2007

Essential Ingredients for Success: 

Essential Ingredients for Success Leadership  Coalition  Vision  Organization  Planning/Process  Resources  A Plan  Implementation/Evaluation  Today’s Focus

Slide3: 

Suicide Rates by Age, Race, and Gender United States, 2003 National Center for Health Statistics Note: Non-Hispanic Ethnicity

Ecological Model: 

Ecological Model Society Community Individual Relationship

“The complexity of causes necessarily requires a multifaceted approach to prevention that takes into account cultural context. Cultural factors play a major role in suicidal behavior.”: 

“The complexity of causes necessarily requires a multifaceted approach to prevention that takes into account cultural context. Cultural factors play a major role in suicidal behavior.” Violence – A global public health problem. World Health Organization. 2002, p. 206.

Evidence Base: 

Evidence-Base (effectiveness) Achieves desired outcome Address risk & protective factors Multi-layered “Programs that address risk and protective factors at multiple levels are likely to be most effective.”* Evidence Base *Institute of Medicine Report--2002 See SPRC’s Best Practices Registry: http://www.sprc.org/featured_resources/bpr/index.asp

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Developing community capacity for suicide prevention (Goal 4, NSSP) Coalition building Training (e.g., SPRC’s Strategic Planning for Suicide Prevention Curriculum) Technical Assistance National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Developing community capacity for suicide prevention Developing community protectors – gatekeeper training (Goal 6, NSSP) Clergy… lawyers… debt counselors… homeless shelter workers… mentors… coaches… teachers… custodians… peer support… supervisors… barbers… bartenders… coaches… mortuary… National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Gatekeeper Training: 

Gatekeeper Training Increases awareness Increases knowledge Improves attitudes about preventing suicide and intervening Increases gatekeeping skills $64M question: Does it change behavior?

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Developing community capacity for suicide prevention Developing community protectors – gatekeeper training Strength building Life skills development (Goal 4, NSSP) Financial management Job training Anger management Stress Management Social network development—family, school, community National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Sources of Strength*: 

Sources of Strength* * Source: MHA of North Dakota, www.ndsuicideprevention.org

Life Skills: 

Life Skills “Research suggests that coping skills can be taught.” Source: Reducing suicide: A National Imperative. Institute of Medicine National Academy of Science, 2002.

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Developing community capacity for suicide prevention Developing community protectors – gatekeeper training Strength building Cultural norms/social marketing Psycho-education—reducing stigma (Goal 3, NSSP) Promote help seeking (Goal 3, NSSP) Social support (Goal 4, NSSP) National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction (Goal 5, NSSP) National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Means Restriction:Storage of Firearms: 

Means Restriction: Storage of Firearms Grossman D. et al. , Gun Storage Practices and Risk of Youth Suicide and Unintentional Firearm Injuries. JAMA. February 9, 2005. 707-714.

Means Restriction: 

Means Restriction Pharmaceuticals Bridge barriers Educational interventions In emergency departments – SAMHSA/Lifeline brochures Primary care and mental health care settings Implications of shift from firearms to hanging as most preferred means

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction Media practices (Goal 9, NSSP) National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Slide24: 

http://www.sprc.org/library/media_guide.pdf

Slide25: 

http://www.sprc.org/library/at_a_glance.pdf

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction Media practices Surveillance and research (Goal 10, NSSP) National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction Media practices Surveillance and research Continuum of care (Goal 7, NSSP) Education/training SPRC/AAS Workshop – Assessing and Managing Suicide Risk National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Training for Mental Health Providers: 

Training for Mental Health Providers One day workshop Developed and peer reviewed by 9-person expert task force Based on 24 core competencies

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction Media practices Surveillance and research Continuum of care Education/training Crisis lines Linkages between social services and health care Screening—most cost-effective in high-risk populations Access to effective treatments (Goal 8, NSSP) Geography, Financing, Workforce National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Clinician Education: 

Clinician Education “A recognition is needed that effective prevention of suicide attempts might require substantially more intensive treatment than is currently provided to the majority of people in outpatient treatment for mental disorders.” Kessler et al., Trends in suicide ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts in the United States, 1990-1992 to 2001-2003. JAMA. May 25, 2005. 293(20).

Inpatient Suicide: 

Inpatient Suicide Most common sentinel event reported to the Joint Commission Since 1996*: 415 (14%) Method: 71% Hanging 14% Jumping Factors in Suicide 87% Deficiencies in physical environment 83% Inadequate assessment 60% Insufficient staff orientation or training *Sentinel event reporting began in 1996. Source: Reducing the Risk of Suicide. JCAHO, Joint Commission Resources, Inc. 2005 Clinical Setting

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction Media practices Surveillance and research Continuum of care Wrap-around services for survivors of a medically serious suicide attempt (Goal 7 & 8, NSSP) National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

Evidence-Based Strategies Means restriction Media practices Surveillance and research Continuum of care Wrap-around services for survivors of a medically serious suicide attempt (Goal 7 & 8, NSSP) Building political will National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2001.

Evidence-Based Strategies: 

“Of all the challenges… perhaps the most difficult of all is the widely-shared belief that we can do little to prevent or control [suicide]. So long as this belief is widely shared in the public mind, the task of focusing attention and resources on the problem is much more difficult.” Gary Spielmann, 2005 Evidence-Based Strategies

Stages of Readiness: 

Stages of Readiness Tolerance/no knowledge Denial Vague awareness Preplanning Preparation Initiation Institutionalization/stabilization Confirmation/expansion Professionalization (Excerpt from Community Readiness for Drug Abuse Prevention: Issues, Tips and Tools, 1997, National Institute of Drug Abuse, p. 13-15)

Summary: 

Summary Community capacity building Community protectors – gatekeeper training Strength building Social marketing Means restriction Media practices Surveillance/data Continuum of care Wrap-around social svcs for survivors of serious attempts Building political will

Questions?: 

Questions? Contact us: info@sprc.org 1-877-GET SPRC Contact me: dlitts@edc.org Contact Gayle Jaffe, Your Prevention Specialist: gjaffe@edc.org