mites affecting honeybees - entomology

UAS Bangalore, college of agriculture shimogga.:

WEL COME UAS Bangalore, college of agriculture shimogga.

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MITES … …the pest of HONEY BEE & their management. Presented by: UMESH BABU K R AK(S)961

INTRODUCTION::

The three most serious diseases of honey bees are caused by MITES and those mites are:- Acarapis Tropilaelaps Varroa. A ll the three mites are now spread throughout the world except that Tropilaelaps is still confined to south & south-east A sia. INTRODUCTION:

1.ACARAPIS:

This mite causes ACARINE disease of honey bee. These mites live, feed & breed in their thoracic breathing tubes(trachea). They enter through spiracle & damage the lining while feeding on blood & they deposit their faeces in the passage. Thereby, respiratory system is blocked. 1 . ACARAPIS

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SYMPTOMS: The wings of honey bees are disjoined & they cant able to fly. Contd…

TEST FOR ACARINE DISEASE::

A correct diagnosis of disease can only be made by dissecting a diseased bee under a binocular microscope & exposing the tracheae. The mites can be seen crawling around the glass stage of microscope & can be examined further by preparing micro-slides. TEST FOR ACARINE DISEASE:

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Acarapis mites

2.Tropilaelops:

These are active rust-red mites that live on combs & can be seen with a naked eye. They feed & breed on the brood & are seen on all developmental stages of honey bee larvae, prepupae & pupae, even after the cells have been sealed. The mite breed very fast, particularly in the monsoon period. 2 . Tropilaelops

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EFFECTS : When adults emerge from the affected pupae, they show signs of damage on their body; parts of legs, wings, & even body segments may be missing. The colony strength is reduced to a handful of bees which ultimately abscond with their queen. Contd…

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Tropilaelops mites

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Cont.. Mites destructing honey bee larvae

3.Varroa:

These are mites which can be seen clinging to honeybees in the soft intersegmental membranes from where it is easy for them to feed on blood. Effects : They move to brood cells containing 5-day old larvae & feed on the royal jelly remaining in the cell & by the time cells are capped they start feeding on grown up larvae, prepupae & pupae. 3 . Varroa

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As in case of Tropilaelaps, here also adults emerge with body deformities. Owing to the fast multiplication of the mites almost all the bees in a colony may die & many of the colonies in the apiary may be destroyed. At present this disease is the greatest threat to beekeeping industry throughout the world & it is Contd…

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getting difficult to rent sufficient number of colonies for pollination of fruit orchards & valuable crops. At present Canada is importing colonies for this purpose from Newzealand where the incidence of Varroa mite is minimal. Contd…

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Varroa mites

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Cont.. We can see varroa through our naked eyes..

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Cont..

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Cont.. Varroa mites clinging to honey bees..

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Cont..

CONTROL MEASURES::

All the three mites mentioned above can be controlled by following measures: Fumigation of the colonies with menthol , chlorobenzilate , formic acid or pyrethroids . Resistance to pyrethroids has been observed among Varroa in Europe & U.S.A. In India, dusting of very fine sulphur granules on top of the frames has been effectively used for the last many years against the external mites. CONTROL MEASURES:

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