Bloodborne Pathogens

Bloodborne Pathogens:

Bloodborne Pathogens General

Session Objectives:

Identify bloodborne pathogens (BBPs) Understand how diseases are transmitted Determine your risk of exposure Protect yourself from exposure through prevention Respond appropriately if exposed Understand your right to medical evaluations Session Objectives 2

What are Bloodborne Pathogens?:

Microorganisms present in human blood that can cause disease Viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi Primary workplace pathogens Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Hepatitis B (HBV) Hepatitis C (HCV) What are Bloodborne Pathogens? 3

HIV and AIDS:

HIV leads to AIDS HIV attacks and depletes the human immune systems Early HIV symptoms resemble flu virus HIV antibody test is the only way to know for sure HIV does not survive outside the body No cure yet HIV and AIDS 4

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):

1.4 million people infected Symptoms Jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain No appetite, nausea, and vomiting Vaccine is available HBV can survive outside the body Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) HBV 5

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV):

HCV is the most common chronic bloodborne infection-3.2 million infected Symptoms can take years to manifest Flu-like symptoms, jaundice, dark urine, and fatigue Loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, and abdominal pain Treatment is marginally effective Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) HCV 6

Transmission of Pathogens:

Contaminated sharp objects or needles Broken skin, including rashes Mucous membranes Eyes Mouth Nose Transmission of Pathogens 7

Routes of Exposure:

Contact with bleeding co-worker Touching a contaminated surface Cleaning up blood Contact with contaminated products or equipment in restrooms Using a tool covered in dried blood Routes of Exposure 8 YES YES YES YES YES

Bloodborne Diseases- Any Questions?:

Do you understand: Bloodborne Diseases- Any Questions? 9 The definition of bloodborne pathogens? Transmission of bloodborne pathogens? How you could be exposed? Bloodborne diseases?

Bloodborne Pathogens Law:

29 CFR 1910.1030 requires: A written Exposure Control Plan (ECP) Engineering and work practice controls Personal protective equipment (PPE) Education Bloodborne Pathogens Law 10

Bloodborne Pathogens Law (cont.):

Medical surveillance Optional hepatitis B vaccination Signs and labels Other equipment and procedures Bloodborne Pathogens Law (cont.) 11

Protect Yourself:

Review the ECP and OSHA regulation Take universal precautions Use personal protective equipment Follow safe work practices Consider the hepatitis B vaccination Follow decontamination and disposal procedures Protect Yourself 12

What is the ECP?:

Identifies jobs and tasks for potential exposure Describes engineering and safe work practices Outlines education requirements Identifies the placement and use of signs and labels Explains how to decontaminate equipment and surfaces What is the ECP? 13

ECP (cont.):

Describes how biohazard waste is handled Explains the recordkeeping requirements Changes as practices and technology change ECP (cont.) 14

Take Universal Precautions:

Treat all blood and bodily fluids as if infected Use barrier protection to avoid contact with infected bodily fluids Immediately clean up and decontaminate surfaces and equipment Take Universal Precautions 15

Use Personal Protective Equipment:

Barrier protection prevents exposure Use Personal Protective Equipment 16

Is This a Safe Work Practice? Yes or No?:

Removing contaminated PPE and clothing before leaving the work area Seeking immediate medical attention Eating, drinking, smoking, or applying cosmetics in any work areas where there is the possibility of exposure to blood Wearing double gloves to reduce contamination risk Is This a Safe Work Practice? Yes or No? √ √ √ X 17

Is This a Safe Work Practice? Yes or No?:

Disposing of contaminated items properly Storing food in any work area where blood or bodily fluids may be present Disinfecting contaminated equipment and work surfaces Washing up immediately after exposure Is This a Safe Work Practice? Yes or No? √ √ √ X 18

ECP, Precautions, and Safe Practices-Any Questions?:

ECP? Universal precautions or PPE? Safe work practices? ECP, Precautions, and Safe Practices-Any Questions? 19

Biohazard Disposal- Regulated Waste:

Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) Contaminated items that would release blood or OPIM if compressed Contaminated sharp objects Items caked with dried blood or OPIM, capable of release during handling Pathological and microbiological wastes containing blood or OPIM Biohazard Disposal- Regulated Waste 20

Label All Regulated Waste Containers:

Labels communicate a hazard Place regulated waste in containers that have the universal biohazard symbol The term “Biohazard” must be on the label Label All Regulated Waste Containers 21

Exposure Incident:

Wash cuts and skin thoroughly Rinse nose and mouth Flush eyes with clean water or sterile solution Clean all contaminated surfaces Report all incidents Exposure Incident 22

Post-Exposure Evaluation:

Post-Exposure Evaluation Confidential medical evaluation Document route of exposure Identify source individual Test source person’s blood Provide results to source individual and exposed person CONFIDENTIAL 23

Hepatitis B Vaccination:

Endorsed by medical communities Safe when given to infants, children, and adults Recommended to all potentially exposed personnel You can decline and change your mind Hepatitis B Vaccination 24