Bell UML in an hour

A Brief Introduction to UML : A Brief Introduction to UML or UML in an Hour (more or less) Copyright 2000 by RWD Technologies Inc. All Rights Reserved


What is the UML? : What is the UML? Unified Modeling Language It is a modeling language, not a process Rumbaugh joined Booch at Rational in 1994; in 1995, Rational added Jacobsen to their team. In 1996, work on the UML was begun. In January of 1997, Rational released UML 1.0 to the OMG as their proposal for a methods standard.


Objectives : Objectives Upon successful completion of this presentation, you will be able to: Visually identify UML diagrams. Understand the differences between the UML diagrams. Identify key symbols found in each diagram. Identify the diagrams used in each ProVision phase.


UML Diagrams to be Covered : UML Diagrams to be Covered Class Diagrams Use Case Diagrams Collaboration Diagrams Sequence Diagrams Package Diagrams Component Diagrams Deployment Diagrams Activity Diagrams State Diagrams


Class Diagrams : Class Diagrams Are the most fundamental UML Diagram. Describe the classes in the system, and the static relationships between classes. Class diagrams are used during Analysis, Design and Development.


UML Class Diagram : UML Class Diagram DVD Movie VHS Movie Video Game Rental Item {abstract} Rental Invoice 1..* 1 Customer Checkout Screen 1 0..1 1


UML Class Diagram : UML Class Diagram DVD Movie VHS Movie Video Game Rental Item {abstract} Rental Invoice 1..* 1 Customer Checkout Screen 0..1 1 Simple Association Class Abstract Class Simple Aggregation Generalization Composition (Dependency) Multiplicity


IDEF1X97 Class Diagram : IDEF1X97 Class Diagram Rental Invoice Customer Checkout Screen Class Relationship Multiplicity/ Cardinality DVD Movie VHS Movie Video Game Rental Item Dependent class Base class is abstract Generalization (cluster)


Parts of a Class : Parts of a Class Classes can have four parts Name Attributes Operations Responsibilities Classes can show visibility and types. All parts but the Name are optional.


Object Diagrams : Object Diagrams An Object is an instance of a class. Object names are underlined. Object diagrams are similar to class diagrams. Many of the same notations are used. Object diagrams capture instances of classes, and allow the dynamic relationships to be shown.


Class and Object Diagrams : Class and Object Diagrams 0..1 0..n Customer Rental Item Rents +name:string +id:integer +released:date +id:integer Joe: Customer Casablanca: Movie +name:Joe Smith +id:1667 +released:1942 +id:22340 Class Diagram Object Diagram Class Name Object Name Attributes Association Name


Stereotypes, Tagged Values and Constraints : Stereotypes, Tagged Values and Constraints extend the UML Stereotypes are shown using <<>> Tagged Values and Constraints are shown using { } RentalContract <> {version=1.1} ListOfRentedItems Customer {ordered by title} Constraint Tagged Value Stereotype Stereotypes, Tagged Values and Constraints


Use Cases : Use Cases Describe interactions between users and computer systems (both called actors) . Capture user-visible functions. Achieve discrete measurable goals. May be small (“Make selected text bold”) large (“Generate a table of contents”) Are typically used during Analysis and Design.


Use Case Diagram : Use Case Diagram


Use Case Report : Use Case Report The Use Case Report provides documentation for the Use Case. A Use Case is not complete without the report. The elements of the Use Case Report are shown on the right. Brief description Precondition Flow of events Main flow Subflows Alternate flows Postcondition Special Requirements Enclosures Diagrams Pictures of the UI


Extends and Includes Relationships : Extends and Includes Relationships Extends Includes Find Item by Title Find Items by Actor Search Movie Database «includes» «includes» Customer Dependency «extends» Stereotype Check In Movie Assess Late Fees


Collaboration Diagrams : Collaboration Diagrams Collaboration diagrams describe object interactions organized around the objects and their links to each other Focus on exchange of messages between objects through their associations. Appears during Analysis phase Enhanced during Design phase


Collaboration Diagram - Rent Movie : :Check-out Manager :Customer :Inventory 1: enter_customer() 3: enter_movies() 5: add(customer, movies) 7: print invoice() 2: IsValidCust(CustId) 4:GetMovieByBarcode() Collaboration Diagram - Rent Movie :Clerk Object Message :Rented Items 8: generateRentalTotal()


Sequence Diagrams : Sequence Diagrams Can be “morphed” from Collaboration Diagrams. Describe interactions between objects arranged in time sequence Focus on objects and classes involved in the scenario and the sequence of messages exchanged Associated with use cases Used heavily during Analysis phase and are enhanced and refined during Design phase


Sequence Diagram - Rent Movie : Sequence Diagram - Rent Movie 1: find customer() 2: search (string) 4: search (string) 6: add(Cust, item) 3: enter movie() 5: rent (movie) 7: printInvoice() 8: generateRentalTotal() Object Lifeline Activation Message :CheckoutMgr :Inventory Cust:Customer :RentedItems :Employee


Package Diagram : Package Diagram Class Package


Component Diagram : Component Diagram Component Interface Dependency Note


Deployment Diagram : Node Communication Association Deployment Diagram


Activity Diagram : Identify Caller Create Account Obtain Name & Address Open Account? Current Customer? [no] [no] [yes] [yes] Action State Start State Decision End State Activity Diagram


Swimlanes and Fork/Join Points : Identify Movie Place Order Place Order Fill Order Pay Deliver Movie Pickup Movie Customer Manager Walking Clerk Fork Point Join Point Collect Money Swimlanes and Fork/Join Points


State Diagram : State Diagram State Transition Activity Guard Action Event


UML Diagram Usage : UML Diagram Usage


Conclusion : Conclusion UML is a robust notation that can express information gathered throughout a project’s lifecycle. Adopting standard use of UML can improve communication between clients and Information Systems Service Providers. UML can be used as an effective data modeling tool as well as an object modeling tool.


Questions : Questions If I don’t know the answer, maybe I can make one up!


For more information… : For more information… Contact: John T. Bell RWD Technologies Inc. 10480 Little Patuxent Parkway Columbia, MD 21044 Phone: 410-884-2453 email: jbell@rwd.com http://www.rwd.com