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Presentation Transcript

WAP The Wireless Application Protocol: 

WAP The Wireless Application Protocol Paul Schlüter, Siemens AG, München © Siemens AG 2000

Contents: 

Contents What is WAP? Conventional Web Access - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval Wireless Web Access with WAP - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval WAP versus Standard Protocols

Motivation for WAP: 

Motivation for WAP Web access by mobile phones is different... The network is different - limited bandwidth The client devices are different - weak CPU, small memory - restricted MMI (display and keyboard, no mouse) The users are different - ease of use is essential A special protocol-suite for wireless Web access is justified: WAP, the Wireless Application Protocol This protocol-suite has been defined by the WAP Forum.

The WAP Forum: 

The WAP Forum The WAP Forum was founded by Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, and Unwired Planet (now Phone.com) in June 97 is now an industry association with more than 200 members (manufactures, networks operators, software developers, ...) defines WAP, a set of open standards that empower mobile users to easily access information and services ensures interoparability of WAP components

Potentiality of WAP: 

Potentiality of WAP Web access established applications: banking, traffic info, email, ... new services: pay for beverages from Coke machine, ... Push service receive news headlines, stock quotes, reminders, ... Telephony application dial number found in yellow pages GUI for operator provided services: voicemail, conference calls, ...

Contents: 

Contents What is WAP? Conventional Web Access - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval Wireless Web Access with WAP - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval WAP versus Standard Protocols

Conventional Web Architecture: 

Conventional Web Architecture client - provides HTML - connects to any server server

Conventional Web Protocols: 

Conventional Web Protocols HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol - retrieves or sends content - provides attributes of content (MIME type, charset, ...) content (HTML, JavaScript, image, ...) - displayed/handled by a browser TCP: Transmission Control Protocol - reliable transport between two T-addresses (ports) - transported data from one direction not correlated to data from opposite direction - connections IP: Internet Protocol - unreliable transport to an N-address (IP address)

Conventional Data Retrieval with HTTP: 

Conventional Data Retrieval with HTTP setup conn. release conn. N transfer data client server HTTP TCP IP

Contents: 

Contents What is WAP? Conventional Web Access - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval Wireless Web Access with WAP - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval WAP versus Standard Protocols

WAP Architecture: 

WAP Architecture - provides WML (or HTML) - connects to gateway only - connects to any server - translates HTTP-TCP-IP into WSP-WTP-WDP-bearer - compiles (i. e. compresses) WML - "abstracts" HTML, converts to WML (optional)

WAP Protocols: 

WAP Protocols WSP: Wireless Session Protocol - retrieves or sends content - provides attributes of content (MIME type, charset, ...) - sessions (connect, suspend, resume, disconnect) - session capabilities (aliases, code pages, SDU size, ...) content (WML, WMLScript, image, ...) - displayed/handled by a microbrowser WDP: Wireless Datagram Protocol - unreliable transport to a T-address (port) - bearer specific (UDP for IP, ...) bearer (IP, GSM-CSD, SMS, GPRS, CDMA, DECT, ...) - unreliable transport between client and gateway WTP: Wireless Transaction Protocol - transactions: reliable/unreliable invoke, reliable/no result - connectionless ~HTTP ~TCP ~IP cont.

Wireless Data Retrieval with WAP: 

Wireless Data Retrieval with WAP N transfer data gateway client WSP WTP WDP bear.

Contents: 

Contents What is WAP? Conventional Web Access - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval Wireless Web Access with WAP - Architecture - Protocols - Data Retrieval WAP versus Standard Protocols

WAP versus Standard Protocols: Traffic Characteristics: 

WAP versus Standard Protocols: Traffic Characteristics WAP is more economical than HTTP HTTP requires a (TCP) connection to every server; WAP requires only one (WSP) session with its gateway. HTTP transmits the given content "as it is"; WAP compiles the WML content. HTTP uses human-readable headers; WAP uses binary headers. For equivalent content, WAP requires less packets (~1/3 for HTTP/1.0) and less volume (~1/3) than HTTP. Therefore, it provides a higher effective bandwidth.

WAP versus Standard Protocols: Significance: 

WAP versus Standard Protocols: Significance HTTP was the killer application for the Internet; WAP may be the killer application for GPRS.