Personal Pronoun: P ersonal P ronoun and its cases NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Pronoun: P ronoun Pronouns are words which can be used in the place of nouns . They shorten the sentence and make it more readable.
Examples:: Examples: She will do the work herself . They gave it to him . We want to know who was there .
Slide 4: In the given examples, pronouns are used in the place of nouns , instead of repeating the nouns.
Cases of Personal Pronoun: P ossessive case O bjective case S UBJECTIVE CASE Cases of Personal Pronoun
SUBJECTIVE CASE: S UBJECTIVE CASE
Slide 7: These pronouns are said to be in the subjective case , because they can each be used as the subject of a verb and complements of the subject . S UBJECTIVE CASE
Slide 8: Singular Plural First Person I we Second Person you you Third Person he, she, it they S UBJECTIVE CASE
Slide 9: a. Subject of a verb I am ready. He is fortunate. We are coming. S UBJECTIVE CASE
Slide 10: b. Complement of the subject The teacher is he . The winner was she. S UBJECTIVE CASE
Slide 11: It should be noted that the verb to be does not take an object. In formal, written English, when the verb to be is immediately followed by a personal pronoun, the pronoun must usually be in the subjective case. e.g. It is I . That was he . This is she . Those are they . S UBJECTIVE CASE
Slide 12: However, in informal English, this rule is usually ignored. In informal English, when a pronoun immediately follows any verb, including the verb to be , the objective form of the pronoun is usually used. Thus, in informal English the sentence It is I would usually be expressed It is me , and the sentence That was he would usually be expressed That was him . S UBJECTIVE CASE
oBJECTIVE CASE: o BJECTIVE CASE
Slide 14: When a personal pronoun is the object of a verb , the pronoun must be in the objective case. O bjective case
Slide 15: O bjective case
Slide 16: a. Direct object e.g. They need me . John teach them. O bjective case
Slide 17: b. Indirect object e.g. I wanted her to help them . The host served the guest and me a dinner. O bjective case
Slide 18: c. Object of the preposition E.g. Please give the book to me . We have heard a great deal about you . O bjective case
Slide 19: d. Subject of the infinitive e.g. I want you to dance. Would you like them to perform some native dances? O bjective case
Slide 20: e. Object of the infinitive e.g. The old lady invited me to visit her . The electrician offered to help them. O bjective case
Slide 21: f. Appositive of a noun e.g. The two girls, Rita and she , dance gracefully. The couple, he and she , dances with love. O bjective case
Slide 22: Subjective Case Objective Case I me you you he him she her it it we us they them O bjective case Personal pronouns in the subjective and objective cases
Comparison between Subjective and Objective Cases: Comparison between Subjective and Objective Cases When a personal pronoun is the subject of a verb , the subjective form of the pronoun must be used. e.g. I understand what you mean. He saw the comet. In these sentences, the underlined pronouns are the subjects of the verbs understand and saw ; therefore, the subjective forms I and he must be used.
Comparison between Subjective and Objective Cases: Comparison between Subjective and Objective Cases When a personal pronoun is the object of a verb , the objective form of the pronoun must be used. e.g. My friends understand me . We saw him last night. In these sentences, the underlined pronouns are the objects of the verbs understand and saw ; therefore, the objective forms me and him must be used.
possessive CASE: p ossessive CASE
Slide 26: Each of the personal pronouns has forms which indicate possession. P ossessive case
Slide 27: Mine! Possessive Adjective b. Possessive Pronoun P ossessive case Mine! My suitcase!
Slide 28: P ossessive case A. Possessive Adjectives As shown in the preceding table, the personal pronouns have two possessive forms. One form shows possession by preceding a noun . A personal pronoun in this form may be referred to as a Possessive Adjective , since, like an adjective, it describes the thing to which the noun refers.
Slide 29: In the following examples, the gerunds are underlined, and the possessive adjectives are printed in bold type. E.g. The boy said that his skating had improved. The girl entertained the guests with her singing . We think our lobbying for new street lights will be effective. P ossessive case
Slide 30: B. Possessive Pronouns The possessive form of a personal pronoun which can be used independently can be referred to as a Possessive Pronoun , since it can be used in the place of a noun. P ossessive case
Slide 31: In the following sentences, the possessive pronouns are underlined. e.g. He did not bring his coat, but I brought mine . Our mail has been delivered, but theirs has not. In the above examples, mine stands for my coat , and theirs stands for their mail . P ossessive pronoun
The subjective, objective and possessive forms of the English personal pronouns are shown in the following table.: The subjective, objective and possessive forms of the English personal pronouns are shown in the following table. Subjective Case Objective Case Possessive Form used before a Noun Possessive Form used Independently I me my mine you you your yours he him his his she her her hers it it its [its] we us our ours they them their theirs
Thank you!!!: Thank you!!! Simplicity is beauty…