Turkish Republic 83 Years of Progress

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Cumhuriyet Bayramimiz Kutlu Olsun Turkish American Cultural Society of Colorado

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 – 1938) The great leader of Turkish People - the first President of Turkish Republic

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83 Years of Progress Washington D.C. Turkish Government Culture and Tourism Office and TACSCO

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Brief History of Turkey Foundation of Turkish Republic The Reforms Turkey Today Outline

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The history of Turks cover a time frame of more than 4000 years. Turks first lived in Central Asia around 2000 BC. Later, some of them left Central Asia and spread around, establishing many states and empires within a vast area of Asia and Europe; including: The Great Hun Empire Gokturk Empire Uygur Empire Great Seljuk Empire Ottoman Empire HISTORY

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Ottoman Empire (1299 – 1923) From tiny principality to empire: The small frontier principality founded by Osman Bey in 1299 or 1300 in the environs of Söğüt in Eskişehir would be a century and a half later the magnificent Ottoman Empire, which lasted for 623 years. Conquest of Istanbul: 1453 Ottoman capitals: Bursa in 1326 Edirne in 1365 İstanbul in 1453

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CLASSICAL OTTOMAN PERIOD: The 16th century is the golden age of Ottoman history and culture The borders of the Empire extended from the Crimea in the North to Yemen and Sudan in the South, and from Iran and The Caspian Sea in the East to Vienna in the Northwest and Spain in the Southwest.

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WORLD WAR I (1914 – 1918) Mondros Armistice : 30 October 1918. The territories of the Ottoman Empire were occupied by Britain, France, Russia and Greece. WAR OF INDEPENDENCE (1919-1922) First anti-imperialist war LAUSANNE TREATY (July 24, 1923) National borders were set; the social, economic independence and sovereignty of Turkey were accepted FOUNDATION of TURKEY (October 29, 1923) Turkish people completed the War of Independence, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923. Events that lead to Foundation of Turkish Republic

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Turkish Parliament, 1924, ASIA Magazine Turkish Parliament, 2004

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 – 1938) The great leader of Turkish People became the first President of Turkish Republic

GOVERNMENT: 

GOVERNMENT Legislative power: The Turkish Grand National Assembly Executive power: President and the Council of Ministers Judicial power: Independent courts and supreme judiciary organs Turkey is democratic, secular and social state governed by the rule of law and based on the principle of the separation of powers;

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The Reforms

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, introduced a broad range of reforms- in the political, social, legal, economic and cultural spheres- such as: Unification and secularization of the education system (1924) Abolition of religious laws (1926) The adoption of Latin Alphabet (1928) Recognition of the equal rights of women – including full political rights (1930)

LANGUAGE: 

LANGUAGE Turkish is the official language and it uses Latin letters Turkish alphabet is composed of 29 letters and is very similar to the English alphabet Excludes q, w and x Includes ç, ğ, ı, ö, s, ü

 EDUCATION SYSTEM: 

EDUCATION SYSTEM Primary Education: Eight years (6-14 age-group) Compulsory for all male and female citizens Secondary Education: Three years (general and vocational-technical high schools) Primary and secondary education is free of charge in public schools.

 Women Rights: 

Turkish Woman Voting - 1935 First Female Deputy, Sati Cirpan - 1935 The International Women's Union Congress – Istanbul, 1935 Women Rights

 Women Rights: 

Women Rights Women rights are equivalent to Western standards Women got the election rights in 1934 (Before Many Other European Countries) Actively participating in life: doctors, writers, artists, musicians,engineers, executives, officers etc.

Turkey Today: 

Turkey Today

POPULATION: 

POPULATION Population of Turkey is 67.8 million (as of 2002) 30% under the age of 14 64% between 15 and 64 Annual birth rate: %2.46 Life expectancy at birth: 68.5 years

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Main Industries Textile Construction

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Main Industries Automotive Tourism (13Million/Year) Excluding Tourism

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Foreign Visitor Arriving in Turkey

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Turkey has been a NATO member since 1952 and is currently a candidate for full membership in the European Union.

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Turkish Parliament, 2004 Turkish Parliament, 1927 Turkish Parliament, 1930 Turkish Parliament, 1921

Sponsors: 

Sponsors Erol Yilmaz (Homer Reed) Cagri Paykoc Hamdi Sahin