EMT-B

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EMT-BThe last lifeline :

EMT-BThe last lifeline Ana Berumen

Slide 2:

The last lifeline

Killed in the line of duty :

Killed in the line of duty 118 firefighters died in 2008 during the line of duty; (63.6% were emergency the other 36.4% were non-emergency) Since 1977-2008, 4,005 firefighters have died in the line of Duty According to the United States Fire Administration, about 100 firefighters die in the line of duty each year in the U.S. Between 1976-1998 over 1,800 police officers have been killed On Average , a law enforcement is killed in the line of duty every 57 hours in America A Fatality study shows between 1992 and 1997, 114 EMT’s were and paramedics were killed on the job; more than half of them on Ambulance Crashes.

EMT- Tribute :

EMT- Tribute http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpE2VWq08Io&feature=fvw

How it Began :

How it Began In the 1790’s, The French began to transport wounded soldiers away from the scene of battle so they could be cared for by physicians. This is the earliest documented emergency service. No medical care was provided for the wounded on the battlefield. The idea was simply to carry the victim from the scene to a place where medical care was available. The idea came from the Chief of Staff Louis Alexandre Berthier under Napoleons rule.

Contributions to EMS :

Contributions to EMS Other wars inspired similar emergency services. For example, during the American Civil War, Clara Barton began service for the wounded and later helped establish the American Red Cross. During World War I, many volunteers joined battlefield ambulance corps. And during the Korean Conflict and the Vietnam War, medical teams produced advanced field care such as trauma. Non-military ambulance services began in some major American cities in the early 1900’s-transport only. Smaller communities did not develop ambulance service until the late 1940’s.

Slide 7:

History of EMS

The Humble beginnings :

The Humble beginnings Few people realize that modern EMS has only been around for the last 40 years. In the first half of the 20th century, many ambulance services were operated by community funeral homes. The funeral homes were in the ambulance business simply because their vehicles were large enough to accommodate the long stretchers.

After World War II 1939-1945 :

After World War II 1939-1945 After World War II, a number of civilian rescue squads and ambulance services began to emerge in the United States. Most of the rescue personnel, while well intentioned, were untrained, poorly equipped, unorganized and unsophisticated. The systems were unregulated. There were no minimal training standards for ambulance personnel and no training programs existed for basic first aid.

Traction Splint :

Traction Splint A traction splint is commonly used to treat complete long bone fractures of the leg, femur. Its a splinting device that uses straps attaching over the Pelvis or Hip as an anchor, a metal rod(s) to mimic normal bone stability and limb length and a mechanical device to apply traction to the limb. The amount of traction applied should be roughly 10% of the patients body weight and not exceed 15 pounds.

The 1960’s :

The 1960’s In the 1960’s, prehospital care generally was limited. There was a lack of uniform and adequate federal, state, and local laws and standards concerning EMS. The vehicle offered little room for patient, attendant or equipment Only 5% of the nation’s ambulances had radio contact with a hospital. Only about 50% of the nation’s EMS personnel had even American Red Cross certificates and many had no training at all.

Slide 12:

Hospital themselves were staffing emergency room with part-time physicians, who may or may not have training or experience in emergency care or trauma. Telegraph started to reserve the digits 9-1-1 for emergency use. More people died this year in auto accidents (50,000) than in eight years of the Vietnam War. Highway Traffic Safety Administration 1960’s

The 1970’s :

The 1970’s A survey of emergency response services in 37 states determined that only 5% of ambulance attendants had minimum first aid requirements. As a sub-specialty, trauma medicine was non-existent. As a rule, hospital emergency rooms were staffed with medical students and on-call physicians from various specialties whose knowledge of trauma was limited. The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians was established to attempt unification of EMT exam and certification on the national level. The blue Star of Life was designed by Leo R. Schwartz, Chief of the EMS Branch, NHTSA.

The 1980’s :

The 1980’s The National Registry of EMT’s published its first national standard exam for EMT- Intermediate. Federal funding of EMS ended: Authority and responsibility for EMS was vested in the states and local government. A study showed that 73% of all American fire departments, career and volunteer, are involved in some level of EMS service. Fire department organizations joined together in a resolution to expand into EMS.

The Early 1990’s :

The Early 1990’s The Commission on Accreditation of Ambulance Services set standards and benchmarks for ambulance services to obtain. A public opinion survey conducted for the American College of Emergency Physicians found that nearly half of adult Americans could not identify 9-1-1 as the emergency number, or confused it with 4-1-1, the directory assistance number

EMS Today :

EMS Today Emergency medical care is available to virtually every citizen in the country by simply dialing 911 from ant telephone. Put the number is now widely recognized. Today EMS equipment is specially designed to be portable and lightweight . Ambulances can be high-tech, mobile emergency rooms or specially equipped vans used for non-emergency transport. Computers, cell phones, and fax machines have also revolutionized EMS care. Paramedics use EKG’s & reports are transmitted by fax. Reports, statistics, medical records, log sheets are all easier because of computer technology. EMS providers treat nearly 20 million patients a year in the United States. Some are critically injured and the proper care can literally make the difference between life and death. Today EMS is accepted as one of the “Big Three” public safety responders: Police, Fire and EMS, and for its lifesaving capability.

EMT levels :

EMT levels EMT-basic: are trained in basic cardiac, respiratory, and traumatic injury emergency care. They provide transportation to the hospital. They later on get more advanced training. They need 50 hours in the fire department They need to make 50 hours in clinical rotations in a hospital setting The need to pass 3 exams other than the National Registry Need to be 18 years old to take National Registry Need to have a diploma

Hourly Salary :

Hourly Salary Less than a year- $9.79-$13.58 1-4 year- $10.07-$14.29 5-9 years- $11.19-$15.84 10-19 years- $12.14-$17.60 20 years - $13.29-$19.92

EMT-Intermediate :

EMT-Intermediate The EMT-Intermediate has more advanced training. However, the specific tasks that those certified at this level are allowed to perform varies greatly from State to State. They typically require 30 to 350 hours of training based on scope of practice Difference from Intermediates and Paramedics is that Intermediates have less medications , less knowledge but have more hands on like they can start an IV.

EMT- Paramedic :

EMT- Paramedic Paramedics are required to have a depth understanding of Advanced Cardiac Life Support, Pediatric Advanced Life Support, and they administer medications orally and intravenously, interpret electrocardiograms (EKGs), perform endotracheal intubations, and use monitors and other complex equipment. At this level, the caregiver receives training in anatomy and physiology as well as advanced medical skills. Most commonly, the training is conducted in community colleges and technical schools and may result in an associate's degree.

Yearly Salary :

Yearly Salary Less than a year: $25,435-$44,219 1-4 years:$30,634- $44,353 5-9 years: $35,763-$49,420 10-19 years: $36,369- $58,513 20 years or more: $35,784-$60,629

Licensure :

Licensure All 50 States require EMTs and Paramedics to be licensed, but the levels and titles vary from State to State. Some States administer their own certification examination or provide the option of taking either the NREMT or State In most States, licensure renewal is required every two to three years and generally, EMTs and Paramedics must take refresher training courses or complete continuing education requirements

Work Environment :

Work Environment EMTs and paramedics may be exposed to communicable diseases, such as hepatitis-B and AIDS, as well as to violence from mentally unstable or combative patients. Many EMTs and paramedics are required to work more than 40 hours a week. They work every 3rd day depending on their shift They can work in hospitals, fire departments, for private companies, and on the helicopters. About 45 percent worked as employees of ambulance services. About 29 percent worked in local government. Another 20 percent worked in hospitals.

Employment :

Employment EMTs and paramedics held about 210,700 jobs in 2008. Employment of emergency medical technicians and paramedics is expected to grow 9 percent between 2008 and 2018, which is about as fast as the average for all occupations

Advancement :

Advancement Paramedics can become supervisors, operations managers, administrative directors, or executive directors of emergency services. . A number of people become EMTs and paramedics to test their interest in healthcare before training as registered nurses, physicians, or other health workers .