Rodos

RODOS Hydrological Dispersion Models: 

RODOS Hydrological Dispersion Models EVANET - HYDRA R. Heling NRG The Netherlands

Hydrology in RODOS: 

Hydrology in RODOS Hydrological models developed for different temporal and spatial scales for the emergency phase and non-emergency phase End of February the latest HDM will be delivered to end-users in a RODOS patch First release for RODOS users contains River and lake model Second release contains run-off model (new model)

Hydrological models: Remarks: 

Hydrological models: Remarks Needs a lot of customisation efforts Often are used in Emergency Centers for non-nuclear emergencies Training necessary for effective operation *proposal* Status: part of RODOS release as path in February 2002 Can be applied for other pollutants and other types of emergencies Customisation initiated in HYDRO-2000/2001 project In RODOS: Slovakia (customised) Germany (test case) Ukraine Plans: Poland Czech Republic Romania Hungary Portugal

Slide4: 

17 MODELS RUNOFF: RETRACE-1, RETRACE-2, RETRACE-3, RETURB, RETRACE-P and (RETRACE-D) RIVERS: RIVTOX, RIVMORPH, WATOX RESERVOIRS AND LAKES, COASTAL AREAS: COASTOX, THREETOX, LATOX, LAKECO, REGLAKE GROUNDWATER: VADZONE, SUSTOX AND GROWTOX MARINE ENVIRONMENT:POSEIDON-R

Slide5: 

Two phases: Emergency/Non-Emergency Emergency Phase (actual input data): 2 - 7 days model predictions. Automatic Mode High temporal and spatial resolution Models: Run-off / Rivers / Reservoirs / Lakes / Estuaries / Coastal Areas Non - Emergency Phase (statistical input data): Time span from 2 days up to longer than one season High up to low spatial resolution Models: Run-off / Rivers / Reservoirs / Lakes / Estuaries / Groundwater

Slide6: 

Four groups of hydrological models First line models: Set 1: HYDRO-A(=Atmospherical release) Set 2: HYDRO-D(=Direct release) Second line models (tools): Set 3: HYDRO-S(=Special studies) Set 4: HYDRO-C(=Countermeasures)

Hydrological models; the first line models: 

Hydrological models; the first line models LAKECO-B RIVTOX -1D COASTOX -2D THREETOX -3D

Models of Reservoirs, Lakes and Coastal Areas: 

Models of Reservoirs, Lakes and Coastal Areas

LAKECO-B: 

LAKECO-B Predictions of radioactivity in shallow lakes: water, sediments, and biota Aquatic foodchain dynamically modelled Tested and validated in various international projects Predictive power high due to large number of environmental parameters

Structure of LAKECO-B: 

Structure of LAKECO-B Predatory Fish Sediment Layer 1 Sediment Layer 2 Phytoplankton Zooplankton Prey Fish Water Layer

Application of LAKECO-B: 

Application of LAKECO-B Chernobyl Cooling Pond (Ukraine) IJsselmeer (The Netherlands) Kazhanovkoje (Russia, Bryansk Region) VAMP lakes (Finland/Sweden/Norway/Italy/UK) Paijanne Lake Finland (Kymyioki Lake System)

Slide12: 

* COASTOX RODOS meeting,, Rhodos, September, 1999 An advanced 2-d numerical model of dissolved and adherent to sediment radionuclide transport in a coastal waters, shallow lakes and reservoirs and rivers. The model includes: submodel of hydrodynamics submodel of suspended sediment transport submodel of radionuclide transport.

COASTOX was implemented and validated in: 

COASTOX was implemented and validated in Pripyat River floodplain, Ukraine Kiev Reservoir, Ukraine IJsselmeer, Netherlands Kralova Reservoir, Slovakia.

COASTOX interface: 

COASTOX interface *

Slide15: 

. COASTOX: simulation of Sr-90 concentration 2 days after simulated breaking of left-bank dike

Slide16: 

COASTOX: simulation of Sr-90 concentration 12 days after simulated breaking of left-bank dike

THREETOX: 

THREETOX An advanced 3-d numerical model of dissolved and adherent to sediment radionuclide transport in a stratified water bodies. The model includes: submodel of hydrodynamics submodel of suspended sediment transport submodel of radionuclide transport.

THREETOX scheme: 

THREETOX scheme

THREETOXINPUT/OUTPUT: 

THREETOX INPUT/OUTPUT Bathymetry River influx Precipitation and evaporation. Air temperature Wind Sources of radioactivity Currents Level Temperatura and salinity Suspended sediments concentration Bottom erosion/deposition Radionuclide concentration in solute, adherent to sispended and bottom sediments

THREETOX validation: 

THREETOX validation Bodensee Lake Kiev Reservoir Dnieper-Boog Estuary Zaporozhe Cooling Pond Chernobyl Cooling Pond - implementation in frame of POSEIDON Baltic Sea Black Sea North Sea

Bodensee Lake: 

Bodensee Lake

THREETOX interface: 

THREETOX interface

Measured and simulated bottom contamination of the Bodensee: 

Measured and simulated bottom contamination of the Bodensee

Cooling pond of Chernobyl NPP: 

Cooling pond of Chernobyl NPP

Velocity at surface of cooling pond 18 July 1983: 

Velocity at surface of cooling pond 18 July 1983

Surface temperature 18 July 1983: 

Surface temperature 18 July 1983

Cooling water discharge into Nieuwe Maas: 

Cooling water discharge into Nieuwe Maas

Nieuwe Maas: 

Nieuwe Maas

Baltic Sea: 

Baltic Sea

Simulated velocity at the surface of the Baltic Sea: 

Simulated velocity at the surface of the Baltic Sea

Atmospheric fallout of 137Cs of Chernobyl origin: 

Atmospheric fallout of 137Cs of Chernobyl origin

Simulated concentration of 137Cs at the surface 10 years after Chernobyl accident: 

Simulated concentration of 137Cs at the surface 10 years after Chernobyl accident

Simulated concentration of 137Cs in the bottom sediments at 10 years after Chernobyl accident: 

Simulated concentration of 137Cs in the bottom sediments at 10 years after Chernobyl accident

Measured and simulated concentration of 137Cs in the Gulf of Finland: 

Measured and simulated concentration of 137Cs in the Gulf of Finland

North Sea: 

North Sea

Simulated salinity at the surface in the August: 

Simulated salinity at the surface in the August

Simulated Caesium-137 at the surface: 

Simulated Caesium-137 at the surface

Simulated Caesium-137 in the bottom sediments: 

Simulated Caesium-137 in the bottom sediments

Accidental Release in the Barents Sea: 

Accidental Release in the Barents Sea Hypothetical release after accident with submarine

Concentration of 137Cs at the surface in 10 years since the beginning of the release : 

Concentration of 137Cs at the surface in 10 years since the beginning of the release

Concentration of 137Cs in bottom sediments after 10 years since the beginning of the release : 

Concentration of 137Cs in bottom sediments after 10 years since the beginning of the release

POSEIDON-R - compartment model for assessing of radiological impact of radioactivity released in the marine environmentPOSEIDON-R is extension of CEPN model based on methodology MARINA Time scale: up to thousands yearsSpace scale: up to global: 

POSEIDON-R - compartment model for assessing of radiological impact of radioactivity released in the marine environment POSEIDON-R is extension of CEPN model based on methodology MARINA Time scale: up to thousands years Space scale: up to global

 POSEIDON -the EC INCO project to include into HDM the models for assessing of radiological impact of radioactivity released in marine environment Modelling Tools: POSEIDON-R - compartment model that extends the CEPN model based on methodology MARINA (time scale: up to thousands years, space scale: up to global);THREETOX -coastal areas and regional scales: 

POSEIDON -the EC INCO project to include into HDM the models for assessing of radiological impact of radioactivity released in marine environment Modelling Tools: POSEIDON-R - compartment model that extends the CEPN model based on methodology MARINA (time scale: up to thousands years, space scale: up to global); THREETOX -coastal areas and regional scales

THREETOX: Implementation for the Baltic Sea (POSEIDON -RODOS project)Simulated velocity at the surface of the Baltic Sea: 

THREETOX: Implementation for the Baltic Sea (POSEIDON -RODOS project) Simulated velocity at the surface of the Baltic Sea

Cs-137 at the surface after two years since the hypothetical release: 

Cs-137 at the surface after two years since the hypothetical release

THREETOX: Implementation for the Black Sea (POSEIDON -RODOS project)Velocity at the surface of the Black Sea in August: 

THREETOX: Implementation for the Black Sea (POSEIDON -RODOS project) Velocity at the surface of the Black Sea in August

Slide53: 

ESC

River Modelling in HDM RODOS: 

River Modelling in HDM RODOS M. Zheleznyak 1), G. Dontchits1), V.Giginyak 1) O.Slavik 2), A.Andrezhievski3),A.Trifonof 3) 1) Institute of Mathematical Machines&System Problems - IPMMS, Kiev, Ukraine 2) INPP, Bratilsava, Slovakia 3) IPEP, Minsk, Belorusia

Slide55: 

Objectives to simulate radionuclide transport through the river net in short-range and long-range scales, for early post-accidental phase and in long term projection, for regional and local scales; to evaluate population doses via drinking water supply and food chains; to support the selection of hydrological countermeasures to diminish dose to the population.

RIVTOX Functionality: 

RIVTOX Functionality RIVTOX- HDM Hydrological on-line data Static rivernet data RETRACE- HDM Scenarios of direct releases to the water Lateral radionuclide and water inflow to rivers Radionuclide concentration in water and on sediments FDMT

River model RIVTOX: 

River model RIVTOX 1-D model including hydraulic and radionuclide dispersion modules Hydraulic modules: RIVTOX- HD - diffusion approximation of Saint-Venant equations RIVTOX- HSV - full Saint-Venant equations ( for river flow with dams, gates, and other obstacles disturbing water elevation and water discharge)

RIVTOX Model (cont): 

RIVTOX Model (cont) Module of suspended sediment transport, based on 1-D advection-diffusion equation with parametrization of sedimentation\erosion rates Module of radionuclide transport in solute and radionuclideds adherent to the suspended sediments, based on 1-D advection-diffusion equation with parametrization of exchanges in the system solute -suspended sediments, bottom depositions Module of radionuclide dispersion in sediments, based on mass transfer equation

Slide59: 

Suspended sediment concentration S Radionuclide concentration in biota Radionuclide concentration in solute C Radionuclide concentration on suspended sediment Cs Radionuclide concentration Cb in upper bottom layer Radionuclide concentration in deep bottom deposition Advection Diffusion Adsorption Desorption Adsorption Desorption Sedimentation Resuspension Uptake Processes to be modeled * 5

Scheme of the affected river-reservoir system near Bohunice NPP modelled by the RIVTOX and COASTOX models: 

Scheme of the affected river-reservoir system near Bohunice NPP modelled by the RIVTOX and COASTOX models

Laboratory experiment with Vah sediments - desorption of into water from the bottom deposition : 

Laboratory experiment with Vah sediments - desorption of into water from the bottom deposition

Dynamical Input to RIVTOX: 

Dynamical Input to RIVTOX Water discharges in the initial points of the river branches relevant to ongoing hydrological situation (hydrological forecasts of local hydrological service) as boundary conditions (library of typical scenarios) Suspended sediments concentrations as boundary conditions Lateral water/ sediment inflow from RETRACE

Dynamical Input to RIVTOX (cont.): 

Dynamical Input to RIVTOX (cont.) Lateral inflow of radionuclide in water and radionuclides on sediments from RETRACE Radionuclide fluxes from the source points (direct releases)

Slide71: 

Rhine river net Water discharge along the Rhine stream

Slide74: 

boundary condition for the contamination, (source point)

Slide75: 

Calculation results showed on the time dependent graphs for each point along the main stream of the Rhine,

Slide76: 

Water discharge and calculated contamination for the selected time interval on a length dependent graphs

Slide77: 

Comparison of the measured and calculation results data in the point of interest Cursor line on a graph shows time and maximum value in the results table

Slide78: 

Point A B D C A

Data assimilation in RIVTOX on the basis of the «sliding down source» approach: 

Data assimilation in RIVTOX on the basis of the «sliding down source» approach

Slide80: 

Calculated data on the base of boundary condition at point A Measured data (red line) Point B B D A C

Slide81: 

Calculated data on the base of boundary condition at point A Calculated data on the base of measured data at point B (green line) Point C Measured data (red line)

Slide82: 

Based on the measurements in point B Based on the measurements in point C Modeling results in the point D

Slide83: 

Modeling results with the boundary condition in point B Point D Point B Point C B D C A

Conclusions: 

Conclusions In the frame of 4-th programme the 1-D model RIVTOX was extended and model interface was re-designed to be more flexible and user friendly The supplementary validation studies were provided (Rhine River, Vakh River) The model chain RETRACE-RIVTOX was integrated into the RODOS In the interactive mode RIVTOX could be used under the interface for various applications First DA approaches for RIVTOX were studies and relevant tools are implemented into the interface RODOS meeting, Rhodes, September, 1999

Today the future starts: 

Today the future starts The End-User Is the Key Person We do not fear criticism, we must criticism

END OF PART 1: 

END OF PART 1

HYDRA WG5: user group : 

HYDRA WG5: user group End-users involved in the project Modification in relation with user demands real interaction between developers and end-users Improvement database connection Improvement customisation tools Performing tests by the end-users to reveal the weaknesses Scenario test for each country Topical meetings: lakes (Hungary), rivers (Romania), estuaries Harmonisation of the model application

Activities in the user group (1): 

Activities in the user group (1) Improvement database connection operation the database produced coupled data sets for transboundary transport of radioactivity making the data sets available with the end-user communion Harmonisation effort: catchments as boundaries instead of the national borders requests for transfer to datasets up to database formats (pre-processors)

Activities in the user group (2): 

Activities in the user group (2) Improvement of customisation tools tools to support to customisation might need improvement, comments and critics can be given on the basis of experiences Scenario’s to get acquainted with a scenario for each country or catchment some accidental release scenario will be implemented (not necessarily radionuclides: Sandoz, Romania, and Bohunice)

Activities in the user group (3)Actions: 

Activities in the user group (3) Actions Questionnaires ( Data- , User -, Customisation - ) TOPICAL MEETINGS (1. lakes, 2. rivers, 3. estuaries, and coastal areas) end-users exchange experiences with the model and with the model customisation (Forms, Presentations) Questionnaire listing Instruction by developers to end-users Identification of weaknesses, and problems encountered Experts need to give scientific view on encountered problems (?)

Activities in the user group (4)issues: 

Activities in the user group (4) issues Who: end-users RODOS, modellers + experts in the field ……….. Lectures (software and specialisation), user-need driven computer demonstration, etc presentation of experiences (customisation) presentation of scenario results etc.. When: month 5, 12, 19

Activities in the user group (4)issues: 

Activities in the user group (4) issues Communications by Forms User Forms --current projects, plans, and progress Customisation Forms -- Technical issues Data Form -- Data sets collected - progress, problems User Forms should be applied also via e.g. DSSNET or cluster projects to trace future users - Evaluation Forms: judgments and criticism (related to other Work packages) with specific criteria documentation models databases

Activities in the user group (5)issues: 

Activities in the user group (5) issues Data sets compiling data sets, harmonising, discussing catchment based implementation with the respective end-users. CD with data sets (if no restrictions in the use of the data) Forrmat: pre-processing necessary Reports on findings