Research and practical application of biomass gasi

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Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Dep. of Gas, Coke and Air Protection Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic Skoblia S., Koutsky B., Chrz V., Malecha J., Nejser J., Dirtrich M., Lisý M., Kubiček J., Vosecký M., Pohořelý M., Punčochař M., Buryan P. Ochrana L. Research and practical application of biomass gasification in Czech Republic Clean recovered Fuels from Gasification of Waste and Biomass JRC-Institute for Energy Romanian Ministry of Education and Research ChemInform DATA Research Center Bucharest, Romania, 27th & 28th June 2005

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Presentation plan Introduction History Commercial gasifier (cogeneration units) BIOFLUID CHP plant SKOTNICE BIOFLUID gas generator/RDF gasification E-blok cogeneration units (Imbert gasifier) Research gasifier BIOFLUID University of Technology, Brno Fluidized bed gasifiers ICPF Conclusion

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Introduction biomass + air (O2+H2O+ CO2)  CO+H2+ CH4+CxHy+CO2+tar+dust Gas composition and tar content depends: reactor type and design (updraft, fluid, downdraft, combined) gasification agent (air,O2,H2O,CO2) temperature, , GR, H2O/O2 fuel type Primary 50-200 g.m-3 Secondary 0.1-10 g.m-3

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History: Atmos auto-downdraft gas generator Source: http://www.atmos.cz/ company ATMOS was founded in Bohemia in 1936. At the start, the production was aimed at LCV-generators for autos and ships under the trade mark of DOKOGEN.. 1942 ARO 240 with LCV-generator 1985 Škoda truck with LCV-generator 1938 Škoda Superba with LCV-generator

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BIOFLUID CHP plant SKOTNICE Typical operation condition Typical fuel properties pilot plant was designed in 1993/1994 installed in 1996 at locality Skotnice (Odra river basin managing organization “Povodi Odry”) experimental operation from 1997

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BIOFLUID CHP plant SKOTNICE Legend: 1-biomas feed hopper 2-feeding screw 3-modified fluid reactor 4-grate with distributor and ash removal system 5-primary air 6-sekundary air 7- tertiary air 8-internal burner on charcoal 9-hot cyclone (for crude particles) 10- turnstile 11- injector 12-electric heater (primary air) 13-ultra cyclone (for fine particles) 14-pipe heat exchanger 15-bags filter (max. tem. 250 oC) 16-water cooler 17-dual fuel gas motor with el. generator 18- condenser 19-gas heater 20-police filter 21- burner

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BIOFLUID CHP plant SKOTNICE Photo of BIOFLUID CHP plant in Skotnice, Czech republic (a: general view, b: grate with distributor and ash removal system, c: reactor) a b c

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BIOFLUID CHP plant SKOTNICE Gas composition from fluid gasification of different type of fuels Tar content in different parts of plants Tar adsorption at different temperatures feeding rate:1-5 28kg/h, 6-7 24kg/h; sampling point: a-after reactor, b-before hot gas bags filters, c-before motor * 24 h. Soxhlet extraction by toluene, GC + gravimetric determination loss of weight charcoal dust

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RDF gasification pilot plant in Prachovice ATEKO RDF-gasification converts cheap energy from RDF to an fuel energy gas and is so available to supply e.g. cement plants, limekiln, etc. BIOFLUID pilot plant gasifier was installed in 2000 at a cement factory (lime kiln) in Prachovice, Czech Republic

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BIOFLUID Prachovice process scheme:

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Basic RDF-gasifier operation parametrs:

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Typical fuel, gas and solids composition: RDF components: Paper Plastics Textiles Biomass (waste) Leather Ultimate RDF analysis Typical gas composition Solid input and output materials/short analysis

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Cogeneration unit “E-blok” cogeneration unit scheme 1- gas generator, 2- closed hopper for biomass (4 hour operation), 3-cyklon, 4- counter-current heat exchanger, 5- water scrubber, 6- gas water heat exchanger, 7-high efficiency water deflector, 8-gas filter, S- steam generator S Fuel properties: Waste wood pieces Max. H2O 20% wt. Max. vol. 250 ml Dust part. max. 10% wt. 350°C 25°C

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Cogeneration unit “E-blok” Technical specification and capacity References: Prototype: Moravská Nova Ves, CR Klatový 8000 h (12h per day), CR Velké nad Veličkou,(150kWe),CR Lebnitzmule (150kWe),Austria BOSS engineering spol. s r.o. http://www.bossbucovice.cz Raw gas composition (14.10.04 Nova Ves gasifier, CR) Official gas composition

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BIOFLUID TU Brno research gasifier 1- fuel bin, 2- feeding system,3- screw feeder, 4- gasifier (max100kWt), 5-air compressor, 6- hot cyclone, 7- recirculating screw feeder, 8- gas burner, 9- ash hopper, 10- air pre-heater, F31 - primary air inlet, F32 - secondary air inlet, F33 - tertiary air inlet, HF-moving bed filter, T101, T102, T103 - reactor temperature, T211-T214-MBF temperatures, Pd21, Pd22, Pd23- pressure sensors BIOFLUID TU Brno fluid gasifier (100kW) was installed in 2000 at Technical University, Brno Typical operation condition

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BIOFLUID TU Brno research gasifier January 2005 Uncovered reactor July 2004 MBF, March 2005 Rotary grate, March 2005

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BIOFLUID TU Brno research gasifier Application of BIOFLUID TU Brno gasifier Different fuel gasification, stadium of gas composition and tar contents Temperature and air exes ratio influences on gas composition and tar production Emissions from gas combustion Cool water quenching for tar and dust removal (laboratory and pilot apparatus) Organic solvent application for tar removal (laboratory apparatus) Active material addition to fluidized bed for decreasing of tar production Hot temperature gas cleaning (model granular filter, fixed bed catalytic reactor) Dust removal Tar removal Sulfur compounds removal (COS,H2S) hydrochloric acid removal

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Research fluidized bed gasifiers ICPF stationary fluid-bed gasifiers / combustors operate up to 1000°C under atmospheric pressure thermal input ~5 kW electrically heated (air pre-heater and 2 zones of the reactor) slide feeder (screw feeder) coupled with pneumatic transport into the reactor on-line measurement of CO, CO2, CH4, H2 and O2 off-line gas determination by GC-FID/TCD off-line “tar” determination by GC-MS (Tar protocol or SPA) on-line “tar” determination (under design)

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Research fluidized bed gasifiers ICPF Photo of gasifier Scheme of gasifier Detail of feeding device

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References for research and commercial institution operated in area of biomass gasification in CR BIOFLUID PRACHOVICE,SKOTNICE otto.bradler@ateko.cz,chrz.vladimir@tiscali.cz http://www.ateko.cz/ Tel. +420 495 750 111 Fax.+420 495 213 203 Brno University of Technology ochrana@fme.vutbr.cz, ylisym00@stud.fme.vutbr.cz http://www-dt.fme.vutbr.cz/EU.htm Tel. +420 541 142 591 E-Blok / BOSS engineering sejvl@bossbucovice.cz,boss@iol.cz http://www.bossbucovice.cz Tel. +420 517 381 017,+420 517 383 887 Fax.+420 517 381 018 Mob. +420 777 720 678 Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals punc@icpf.cas.cz, pohorely@icpf.cas.cz martin.vosecky@seznam.cz http://www.icpf.cas.cz/ Tel. +420 220 390 298, +420 296 780 298, +420 220 390 261 Mgr. Radovan Šejvl BOSS engineering spol. s r.o. Urbáškova 185 685 01 Bučovice, Czech Republic Brno University of Technology Dept. of Power Engineering Technická 2, 616 69 Brno Czech Republic Ateko a.s. Resslova 956, 501 01 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Rozvojova 2 CZ-165 02, Prague 6 - Suchdol Czech Republic

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Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic in the frame of the Grant No. 104/04/0829 and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic in the frame of the research project MSM 6046137304

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Thanks for your attention Questions ?