Structure and Function of the Flower: Structure and Function of the Flower CXC Biology Syllabus Life Processes Specific Objectives 9.6&9.7


Section A: Flower Structure: Section A: Flower Structure Science Objectives: Students should be able to Recognize specified floral parts on most flowers Relate each part to its function Distinguish between staminate, pistillate/carpellate and hermaphrodite flowers Core Skills Objectives: Co-operation/Group work Drawing CXC Practical Skills Drawing


Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #1: Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #1 What is the male part of the flower called? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ What is the main function of a flower? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ What is the function of the carpel? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Give one example of a hermaphrodite flower ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name the flower structures which protect the young flower bud. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Slide4: Use the following to label the flower diagram below: Style, stamen, sepal, filament, peduncle, ovary, anther, receptacle, carpel, stigma, petal, ovule.


What is a Flower?: What is a Flower? Plant organ for sexual reproduction Flowers produce gametes (sex cells) Flowers are necessary for fertilisation to occur


Flower Diagram: Flower Diagram


Parts of the Flower: Parts of the Flower Peduncle: flower stalk Receptacle: part of stalk bearing the floral organs, at base of flower Sepal:leaflike structures at flower base, protects young flower bud Calyx: all the sepals together form the calyx Petal: located inside and above the sepals, often large and colourful, sometimes scented, sometimes producing nectar Stamen: male part of the flower, consist of the anther and filament, makes pollen grains Pollen: grains containing the male gametes Pistil/Carpel: female part of the flower, consist of the stigma, style and ovary Ovule: located in the ovaries, carry female gametes Staminate flower: flower bearing only male parts Pistillate/Carpellate flower: flower bearing only female sex parts Hermaphrodite flower: flower bearing both male and female sex parts


Method: Method Collect specimens of the following flowers (your guide will show you where and which flowers to collect!) Pride of Barbados Hibiscus Orchid Flower of choice Make a labeled drawing of the Pride of Barbados and Hibiscus flowers (use the flower diagram as a guide, include magnification, labels in script) Dissect the Pride of Barbados flower ( a demonstration will be given) Make individual drawings of the petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils/carpels Dissect the pistil/carpel and make a labeled drawing of the ovary and the ovules lying within it


Section BPollination: Section B Pollination Science Objectives: Students should be able to: Define pollination State the main ways in which plants achieve pollination Recognize flower adaptations associated with each mode of pollination Core Skills targeted Drawing Information Technology CXC Practical Skills Analysis and Interpretation Drawing


Mode of Pollination: Insect-pollinated flowers may have: Brightly coloured petals Strong sweet fragrance Nectar producing glands Guidelines to lead insects to Nectar Mode of Pollination Bird-pollinated flowers may have: Long tube shaped flowers Bright red and yellow flowers No odour Wind-pollinated flowers may have: Large stigmas outside the flower Little or no fragrance Light non-sticky pollen Lack showy petals


Mode of Pollination (Continued) : Mode of Pollination (Continued) Water-pollinated flowers may have: Pollen which floats on water (this form of pollination is rare) Mammal-pollinated flowers may have: White flowers Strong fruity odour Flowers opening at night


Method: Method Research and define the following terms in the Iris Bannochie library and on the Internet Pollination Self-pollination Cross-pollination 2. Note the ways in which pollination may occur 3. Identify the various adaptations associated with each form of pollination 4. Collect flower specimens from the gardens and determine their method of pollination through completion of the Mode of Pollination Table


Mode of Pollination Table : Mode of Pollination Table denotes a positive response


Slide14: Assessment Scheme for Drawing  


Slide15: Use the following to label the flower diagram below: Style, stamen, sepal, filament, peduncle, ovary, anther, receptacle, carpel, stigma, petal, ovule.


Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #2 Pollination : Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #2 Pollination Write a short definition for the word pollination. Why is pollination important to plants? State three ways in which pollination can be achieved. State a plant adaptation associated with each mode of pollination above


Analysis and Interpretation of the Pollination Exercise: Analysis and Interpretation of the Pollination Exercise Background Information/Biological principles. (3 marks) Relationship to Investigation/Observation. State the significance of pollination Identify the flower structures which play the key role in pollination Note how these structures are adapted to their role Explanation/Interpretations of result. (3-4 marks) Give reasons for interpretation of specified result Conclusion based on observation/data Related to Aim (2 marks) Correct conclusions drawn Limitations (1-2marks) Limitations of the results/conclusions stated