logging in or signing up demand Gabir Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 9904 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (6) Dislike it (3) Added: September 12, 2007 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 6 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: bravepradeep (19 month(s) ago) Dear Sir, Could you Please send the ppt. regrads, bravepradeep@yahoo.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: doctor_amit (20 month(s) ago) Dear Sir, Could you Please send the ppt. regrads, Dr.Amit Mittal doctor_amit@rediffmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: bhupendra.kushawaha (21 month(s) ago) no download why...???? Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: karayil (21 month(s) ago) An interesting ppt on law of demand. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: jekeetaa (28 month(s) ago) Hello, could u please send to me the ppts. Thank u Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript MODEL OF DEMAND: MODEL OF DEMAND The model of demand is an attempt to explain the amount demanded of any good or service. DEMAND DEFINED The amount of a good or service a consumer wants to buy, and is able to buy per unit time. THE “STANDARD” MODEL OF DEMAND: THE 'STANDARD' MODEL OF DEMAND The DEPENDENT variable is the amount demanded. The INDEPENDENT variables are: the good’s own price the consumer’s money income the prices of other goods preferences (tastes) YOU COULD WRITE THE MODEL THIS WAY:: YOU COULD WRITE THE MODEL THIS WAY: The demand for tacos QD(tacos) = D(Ptacos, Income, Pspaghetti, Pbeer, tastes) Slide4: ECONOMISTS HAVE HYPOTHESES ABOUT HOW CHANGES IN EACH INDEPENDENT VARIABLE AFFECT THE AMOUNT DEMANDED THE DEMAND CURVE: THE DEMAND CURVE The demand curve for any good shows the quantity demanded at each price, holding constant all other determinants of demand. The DEPENDENT variable is the quantity demanded. The INDEPENDENT variable is the good’s own price. THE LAW OF DEMAND: THE LAW OF DEMAND The Law of Demand says that a decrease in a good’s own price will result in an increase in the amount demanded, holding constant all the other determinants of demand. The Law of Demand says that demand curves are negatively sloped. A DEMAND CURVE: A DEMAND CURVE A demand curve must look like this, i.e., be negatively sloped. own price quantity demanded demand Market for tacos The demand curve means:: The demand curve means: You pick a price, such a p0, and the demand curve shows how much is demanded. own price quantity demanded demand Market for tacos What if the price of tacos were less than p0?How do you show the effect on demand?: What if the price of tacos were less than p0? How do you show the effect on demand? Go to hidden slide Slide10: At a lower price, consumers want to buy more. own price quantity demanded demand p0 Q0 Market for tacos AN IMPORTANT POINT: AN IMPORTANT POINT When drawing a demand curve notice that the axes are reversed from the usual convention of putting the dependent (y) variable on the vertical axis, and the independent (x) variable on the horizontal axis. Other factors affecting demand: Other factors affecting demand The question here is how to show the effects of changes in income, other goods’ prices, and tastes on demand. Slide13: Suppose people want to buy more of a good when incomes rise, holding constant all other factors affecting demand, including the good’s own price. own price quantity of beer demand @ I = $1000 Market for beer $1/can Go to hidden slide This is a change in demand. It shows up as a shift to the right of the original demand curve.: This is a change in demand. It shows up as a shift to the right of the original demand curve. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for beer $1/can Normal and inferior goods defined: Normal and inferior goods defined Normal good: When an increase in income causes an increase in demand. Inferior good: When an increase in income causes a decrease in demand. Pizza is a normal good. : Pizza is a normal good. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Go to hidden slide An increase in income increases demand when pizza is normal.: An increase in income increases demand when pizza is normal. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Suppose instead that pizza was an inferior good.: Suppose instead that pizza was an inferior good. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Go to hidden slide Slide19: If pizza were inferior the demand would decrease as income increases. Whether a good is normal or inferior is a matter of fact, not theory. price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Substitutes defined: Substitutes defined Substitutes: Two goods are substitutes if an increase in the price of one of them causes an increase in the demand for the other. Thus, an increase in the price of pizza would increase the demand for spaghetti if the goods were substitutes. The graph shows the demand curve for spaghetti when pizzas cost $10 each.: The graph shows the demand curve for spaghetti when pizzas cost $10 each. own price quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for spaghetti Go to hidden slide An increase in the price of pizza, a substitute for spaghetti, causes an increase in demand for spaghetti.: An increase in the price of pizza, a substitute for spaghetti, causes an increase in demand for spaghetti. own price quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for spaghetti Complements defined: Complements defined Complements: Two goods are complements if an increase in the price of one of them causes a decrease in the demand for the other. Thus, an increase in the price of pizza would decrease the demand for beer if the goods were complements. The graph shows the demand curve for beer when pizzas cost $10 each.: The graph shows the demand curve for beer when pizzas cost $10 each. price of beer quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for beer Go to hidden slide When beer and pizza are complements, an increase in the price of pizza decreases the demand for beer.: When beer and pizza are complements, an increase in the price of pizza decreases the demand for beer. price of beer quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for beer The graph shows the demand curve for umbrellas on sunny days.: The graph shows the demand curve for umbrellas on sunny days. price of umbrellas quantity demand on sunny days Market for umbrellas Go to hidden slide This is an example of a change in tastes. Demand increases.: This is an example of a change in tastes. Demand increases. price of umbrellas quantity demand on sunny days Market for umbrellas DEMAND SUMMARY: DEMAND SUMMARY Demand is a function of own-price, income, prices of other goods, and tastes. The demand curve shows demand as a function of a good's own price, all else constant. Changes in own-price show up as movements along a demand curve. Changes in income, prices of substitutes and complements, and tastes show up as shifts in the demand curve. You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
demand Gabir Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 9904 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (6) Dislike it (3) Added: September 12, 2007 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 6 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: bravepradeep (19 month(s) ago) Dear Sir, Could you Please send the ppt. regrads, bravepradeep@yahoo.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: doctor_amit (20 month(s) ago) Dear Sir, Could you Please send the ppt. regrads, Dr.Amit Mittal doctor_amit@rediffmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: bhupendra.kushawaha (21 month(s) ago) no download why...???? Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: karayil (21 month(s) ago) An interesting ppt on law of demand. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: jekeetaa (28 month(s) ago) Hello, could u please send to me the ppts. Thank u Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript MODEL OF DEMAND: MODEL OF DEMAND The model of demand is an attempt to explain the amount demanded of any good or service. DEMAND DEFINED The amount of a good or service a consumer wants to buy, and is able to buy per unit time. THE “STANDARD” MODEL OF DEMAND: THE 'STANDARD' MODEL OF DEMAND The DEPENDENT variable is the amount demanded. The INDEPENDENT variables are: the good’s own price the consumer’s money income the prices of other goods preferences (tastes) YOU COULD WRITE THE MODEL THIS WAY:: YOU COULD WRITE THE MODEL THIS WAY: The demand for tacos QD(tacos) = D(Ptacos, Income, Pspaghetti, Pbeer, tastes) Slide4: ECONOMISTS HAVE HYPOTHESES ABOUT HOW CHANGES IN EACH INDEPENDENT VARIABLE AFFECT THE AMOUNT DEMANDED THE DEMAND CURVE: THE DEMAND CURVE The demand curve for any good shows the quantity demanded at each price, holding constant all other determinants of demand. The DEPENDENT variable is the quantity demanded. The INDEPENDENT variable is the good’s own price. THE LAW OF DEMAND: THE LAW OF DEMAND The Law of Demand says that a decrease in a good’s own price will result in an increase in the amount demanded, holding constant all the other determinants of demand. The Law of Demand says that demand curves are negatively sloped. A DEMAND CURVE: A DEMAND CURVE A demand curve must look like this, i.e., be negatively sloped. own price quantity demanded demand Market for tacos The demand curve means:: The demand curve means: You pick a price, such a p0, and the demand curve shows how much is demanded. own price quantity demanded demand Market for tacos What if the price of tacos were less than p0?How do you show the effect on demand?: What if the price of tacos were less than p0? How do you show the effect on demand? Go to hidden slide Slide10: At a lower price, consumers want to buy more. own price quantity demanded demand p0 Q0 Market for tacos AN IMPORTANT POINT: AN IMPORTANT POINT When drawing a demand curve notice that the axes are reversed from the usual convention of putting the dependent (y) variable on the vertical axis, and the independent (x) variable on the horizontal axis. Other factors affecting demand: Other factors affecting demand The question here is how to show the effects of changes in income, other goods’ prices, and tastes on demand. Slide13: Suppose people want to buy more of a good when incomes rise, holding constant all other factors affecting demand, including the good’s own price. own price quantity of beer demand @ I = $1000 Market for beer $1/can Go to hidden slide This is a change in demand. It shows up as a shift to the right of the original demand curve.: This is a change in demand. It shows up as a shift to the right of the original demand curve. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for beer $1/can Normal and inferior goods defined: Normal and inferior goods defined Normal good: When an increase in income causes an increase in demand. Inferior good: When an increase in income causes a decrease in demand. Pizza is a normal good. : Pizza is a normal good. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Go to hidden slide An increase in income increases demand when pizza is normal.: An increase in income increases demand when pizza is normal. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Suppose instead that pizza was an inferior good.: Suppose instead that pizza was an inferior good. own price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Go to hidden slide Slide19: If pizza were inferior the demand would decrease as income increases. Whether a good is normal or inferior is a matter of fact, not theory. price quantity demand @ I = $1000 Market for pizza Substitutes defined: Substitutes defined Substitutes: Two goods are substitutes if an increase in the price of one of them causes an increase in the demand for the other. Thus, an increase in the price of pizza would increase the demand for spaghetti if the goods were substitutes. The graph shows the demand curve for spaghetti when pizzas cost $10 each.: The graph shows the demand curve for spaghetti when pizzas cost $10 each. own price quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for spaghetti Go to hidden slide An increase in the price of pizza, a substitute for spaghetti, causes an increase in demand for spaghetti.: An increase in the price of pizza, a substitute for spaghetti, causes an increase in demand for spaghetti. own price quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for spaghetti Complements defined: Complements defined Complements: Two goods are complements if an increase in the price of one of them causes a decrease in the demand for the other. Thus, an increase in the price of pizza would decrease the demand for beer if the goods were complements. The graph shows the demand curve for beer when pizzas cost $10 each.: The graph shows the demand curve for beer when pizzas cost $10 each. price of beer quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for beer Go to hidden slide When beer and pizza are complements, an increase in the price of pizza decreases the demand for beer.: When beer and pizza are complements, an increase in the price of pizza decreases the demand for beer. price of beer quantity demand @ pizza price of $10 Market for beer The graph shows the demand curve for umbrellas on sunny days.: The graph shows the demand curve for umbrellas on sunny days. price of umbrellas quantity demand on sunny days Market for umbrellas Go to hidden slide This is an example of a change in tastes. Demand increases.: This is an example of a change in tastes. Demand increases. price of umbrellas quantity demand on sunny days Market for umbrellas DEMAND SUMMARY: DEMAND SUMMARY Demand is a function of own-price, income, prices of other goods, and tastes. The demand curve shows demand as a function of a good's own price, all else constant. Changes in own-price show up as movements along a demand curve. Changes in income, prices of substitutes and complements, and tastes show up as shifts in the demand curve.