rockcyc_mineral

The Rock Cycle : 

The Rock Cycle Thinking about relationships among the major rock groups

Major Rock Groups : 

2 Major Rock Groups Igneous Formed from a melt (molten rock) Plutonic (intrusive):slow cooling and crystallization Volcanic (extrusion): quick cooling at the surface Sedimentary Formed at the Earth’s surface Clastic (Mineral Fragments or grains, clays) Chemical (crystalline chemical/biochemical precipitates) Metamorphic Changed by pressure, temperature and fluids.

Fig. 2.9 : 

Fig. 2.9 MAGMA

Slide 4: 

4 MAGMA Crystallization IGNEOUS

Slide 5: 

5 MAGMA IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization

Slide 6: 

6 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization

Slide 7: 

7 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Uplift Crystallization Weathering

Slide 8: 

8 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT Uplift Crystallization Weathering SEDIMENT

Slide 9: 

9 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY Uplift Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

Slide 10: 

10 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY Uplift Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

Slide 11: 

11 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

Slide 12: 

12 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition Can you see any shortcuts?

Slide 13: 

13 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

Slide 14: 

The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth As well as earth’s momentum and… The energy from the sun It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior It connects the “hydrologic cycle” with the “tectonic cycle”.

What is a mineral? : 

16 What is a mineral? Naturally occurring Non-organic Characteristic chemical composition Distinctive physical properties Crystalline structure

Mineral properties : 

17 Mineral properties Color Luster Habit (Shape) Cleavage & Fracture Streak Hardness Other

Color: : 

18 Color: Not mineral specific

Luster: How minerals reflect light : 

19 Luster: How minerals reflect light

Mineral Habit (Shape) : 

20 Mineral Habit (Shape) Shape a mineral takes if grown unimpeded

Cleavage & Fracture : 

21 Cleavage & Fracture Cleavage: planes of weakness along which minerals can break Fracture: surfaces along which minerals can break

Cleavage & Fracture : 

22 Cleavage & Fracture Best identified on a fracture surface

Streak: : 

23 Streak: The powdered form of a mineral

Hardness: : 

24 Hardness: Based on Moh’s scale of hardness

Other Properties : 

25 Other Properties Specific gravity Reaction to acid Striations Magnetism

Slide 26: 

26 Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks : 

27 Metamorphic Rocks Gneiss Schist

Sedimentary Rocks : 

28 Sedimentary Rocks Shale Conglomerate Sandstone