Ocean_Circulation

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Components of the Climate System : 

Components of the Climate System Atmosphere Ocean Biosphere Geosphere Image from NASA

Atmosphere & Ocean Circulation : 

Atmosphere & Ocean Circulation Atmospheric Circulation Depends on density Ocean Surface Circulation Depends on the wind Deep Ocean Circulation Depends on density

Why is Ocean Circulation Important? : 

Why is Ocean Circulation Important? Transport ~ 20% of latitudinal heat Equator to poles Transport nutrients and organisms Influences weather and climate Influences commerce

Temperature Structure of Ocean : 

Temperature Structure of Ocean thermocline

Ocean Circulation : 

Ocean Circulation

Wind-drive ocean surface currents : 

Wind-drive ocean surface currents Wind driven surface currents How fast? A few miles/hr (Gulf Stream off of Miami = 4.5 mph) How much? Total water in ocean surface circulation = about 100 Amazon Rivers (20 million m3/s).

Atmosphere & Ocean Circulation : 

Atmosphere & Ocean Circulation Atmospheric Circulation Depends on density Ocean Surface Circulation Depends on the wind Deep Ocean Circulation Depends on density

Sea Surface Temperature : 

Sea Surface Temperature http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/dees/ees/climate/slides/sst_march.gif

Ocean Salinity : 

Ocean Salinity http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/dees/ees/climate/slides/sal_march.gif http://ingrid.ldgo.columbia.edu/

Temperature-Salinity (density) Diagram : 

Temperature-Salinity (density) Diagram

Thermohaline Circulation : 

Thermohaline Circulation North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW 15 million m3 of near surface water descend into the deep ocean each second.

Thermohaline Circulation - The Ocean Conveyor : 

Thermohaline Circulation - The Ocean Conveyor

Equatorial to polar heat transport and water flow : 

Equatorial to polar heat transport and water flow

Ocean – Atmosphere Circulation : 

Ocean – Atmosphere Circulation

UNEQUAL HEATING OF EARTH : 

UNEQUAL HEATING OF EARTH BUT – Outgoing solar radiation is not as uneven