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Development of Food Based Dietary Guidelines for adultsExamples from Sweden: 

Development of Food Based Dietary Guidelines for adults Examples from Sweden Presented by Dr Wulf Becker Nutrition Division, Swedish National Food Administration

Scope of presentation: 

Report on 'translation' of Swedish Nutrition Recommendations into foods Swedish Nutrition Recommendations Objectified (SNO) - basis for general advice on food consumption for healthy adults Development of the '5 dietary advice' Based on SNO-report Focus group interviews Scope of presentation

Main starting points: 

Main starting points 'Swedish' dietary habits Applicable to healthy adults 19-60 years 'Hans' and 'Greta' SNR attained Moderate physical activity Mixed diet As few changes as possible All types of foods allowed

Swedish Nutrition Recommendations 2005*: 

Swedish Nutrition Recommendations 2005* Fat andamp; fatty acids SFA +trans fatty acids: 10 E% MUFA: 10-15 E% PUFA: 5-10 E%, of which 1 E% n-3 fatty acids Total fat: 25-35 E% (30 E%) Carbohydates: 50-60 E% (55 E%) Dietary fibre: 25-35 g/day (3 g/MJ) Added sugars: up to 10 E% Salt: 6-7 g/day (5-6 g/day) Alcohol: limit to 10 g/day for women and 20 g/day for men (ca. 5 E%) *Based on Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2004

SNR – cont.: 

SNR – cont. Meal pattern 3 main meals + 1-3 in-between meals Variation Chose foods from each of the 7 sectors of the food circle Energy balance Daily physical activity 30 min or more

SNO - Methods: 

SNO - Methods Representative choice of foods based on national dietary survey (Riksmaten 1997-98) Average portion sizes and consumption frequencies Food group level Exchangeability between and within food groups tested 4-week menu

Nutrient composition: Difficulties: 

Nutrient composition: Difficulties Protein — Iron Saturated fat — Unsaturated fat Sodium

Food groups and changes: 

Food groups and changes Fruit andamp; vegs ++ Bread ++ Whole-grain Rice/pasta/cereals + Potatoes + Milk and cheese -+ Low fat varieties Meat -+ Low fat varieties Fish ++ Lean and oily Eggs -+ Fats andamp; oils -+ Soft spreads Oils or fluid margarine Other 'non-core' foods -- Sweets, soft drinks, snacks, buns, cream, dressings, alcoholic beverages etc. 10-15 % of the energy intake, ~250-350 kcal/d

Slide9: 

Average woman 'The Ideal': Greta Example: Fruit and vegetables per day

Slide10: 

Average man 'The Ideal': Hans Example: Fruit and vegetables per day

The ”SNO”-diet for an adult man: 

From Becker, 2005 The 'SNO'-diet for an adult man

The 5 dietary advice: 

The 5 dietary advice Focus on the most important dietary changes Based on the 'SNO'-report Messages and formulations tested in focus group interviews Low-educated young couples with pre-school children Low-educated men aged 25-35 yr Structure Do you want to eat healthy? Eat more of x or choose y Quantity measure, e.g. portion, weight

The 5 dietary advice: 

The 5 dietary advice Fruit and vegetables Bread, whole-grain Keyhole labelled foods, e.g. fat-reduced varieties of dairy and meat products fat-reduced spreads potatoes, fruit andamp; vegs high fibre bread andamp; cereals Fish Cooking fat

The 5 dietary advice - examples: 

The 5 dietary advice - examples Do you want to eat healthy? Eat fish often - preferably 3 times a week! Do you want to eat healthy? Change to fluid margarine or oil when you cook.

Main reasons for formulations: 

Main reasons for formulations Introductory question emphasizes that we respect an individual’s will, freedom and interest in (eventually) eating healthy The advice does not give any specific promises regarding health, recovery etc. Advice on amounts needed due to apparent lack of knowledge on how much is needed to attain any health benefits

References: 

References Enghardt Barbieri H, Lindvall C. Swedish Nutrition Recommendations Objectified (SNO) - Basis for general advice on food consumption for healthy adults. Rapport 20 – 2005. http://www.slv.se/templates/SLV_ReportList.aspx?id=12078. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2004 – integrating nutrition and physical activity. Nord 2004:13. Copenhagen; Nordic Council of Ministers: 2004. http://www.norden.org/pub/sk/showpub.asp?pubnr=2004:013. Swedish Nutrition Recommendations 2005 (in Swedish). Uppsala; National Food Administration: 2005. Becker W. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations - based on scientific evidence. Scand J Nutrition 2005; 49: 68-71.