On-Road: Heavy-Duty Diesel Recommendations Section: On-Road: Heavy-Duty Diesel Recommendations Section MORPC Diesel Subcommittee October 25, 2005


On-Road Section: Overview: On-Road Section: Overview Background Diesel Exhaust and Health Non-attainment Designation National Efforts to Reduce Emissions from On-Road Vehicles Need for Local Programs to Achieve Standards Recommendations for On-Road Fleets Regulatory Approach Voluntary Approach


Background: Background Benefits of diesel power Dominant power source for school bus fleets, transit buses, waste collection vehicles, public works vehicles, short-haul freight, dump trucks and cement mixers


Diesel Exhaust and Health: Diesel Exhaust and Health Link between diesel emissions and health Respiratory hazard Aggravates asthma Sensitive populations Risk of lung cancer Carcinogenic properties of diesel exhaust Average range of lung cancer risk Premature death Need more research – Recommended resources?


Non-attainment Designation: Non-attainment Designation Do not meet 8-Hr Ozone and PM2.5 Standards SIP Deadlines Ozone SIP – June 2007 Show attainment – 2009 PM2.5 SIP – April 2008 Show attainment - 2010


Non-attainment and On-Road Diesel Emission Reductions: Non-attainment and On-Road Diesel Emission Reductions Why are we looking at on-road diesel emission reductions to help us attain the ozone and PM2.5 standards? What portion of the total central Ohio NOx and PM2.5 inventories are attributed to on-road diesel vehicle?


Review of National Efforts to Reduce Emissions from On-Road Diesel Vehicles: Review of National Efforts to Reduce Emissions from On-Road Diesel Vehicles 2007 Highway Diesel Rule Applies to new engines only 11 million legacy diesels Clean School Bus USA Grant Program Limited funding available SmartWay Transport Partnership Voluntary, offer technical guidance, recognition opportunities


Critical Need for Local On-Road Emission Reduction Programs: Critical Need for Local On-Road Emission Reduction Programs National efforts will help, but still need to address on-road legacy fleets 11 Million diesels If local and state govt.s do not address emissions from in-use diesel, it will be difficult to comply with Federal air quality standards


Regulatory Approach: Regulatory Approach Govt.-owned public works fleets Urban transit fleets Waste collection vehicles


Regulatory Approach –Cont.: Regulatory Approach –Cont. Fleet selection arguments: Public sector leadership Govt. should lead the way Operating environment Close proximity to dense populations


Regulatory Approach –Cont.: Regulatory Approach –Cont. Fleet selection arguments – Cont.: Emission Characteristics Transit buses emit more grams of NOx per mile than any other vehicle class Public Works Vehicles – can we break these down into on GVWR class? Waste Collection Vehicles – any ideas?


Regulatory Approach –Cont.: Regulatory Approach –Cont. Fleet selection arguments – Cont.: Funding Sources FTA Transit Bus Funding Municipal Fleets can recoup their cost through higher utility service fees. Waste collection fleets can renegotiate collection contracts CMAQ DERA


Regulatory Recommendations: Regulatory Recommendations OEPA should fund a study to obtain fleet inventories of all government-owned public works vehicles and waste collection fleets (public and private) in central Ohio’s six non-attainment counties. Ohio EPA should develop new rules requiring these fleets to install best available control technology (BACT) on these vehicles phased in over a period of years. Ohio EPA should define BACT guidelines, i.e., what control technology will best reduce PM and NOx emissions from particular model year engine. Build into the program extensions and or exemptions for special circumstances. Smaller waste collection businesses and local governments may not be able to comply as quickly as a larger businesses and governments


Voluntary Program: Voluntary Program Short-haul freight trucks Dump trucks and cement mixers School Bus fleets


Voluntary Program – Cont.: Voluntary Program – Cont. Fleet Selection Arguments: Incentive Unlike public fleets, private fleets do not have much of an incentive to clean up their fleets School Buses excluded, but lack funds Local Fleets All three fleets are restricted


Voluntary Program – Cont.: Voluntary Program – Cont. Fleet Selection Arguments: Emission Characteristics School buses are old and dirty. Emit more grams of NOx per mile than any other vehicle class Children are highly susceptible to effects of particle pollution Short-haul truck emissions – Are there any national statistics? Are these mostly Class 8B? Cement mixers and dump trucks – suspect they are dirty but need to fund inventory analysis


Voluntary Program Recommendations: Voluntary Program Recommendations OEPA should fund a project to obtain fleet inventories for school bus fleets, short-haul freight trucks, and cement mixers and dump trucks in central Ohio’s six non-attainment counties. OEPA should establish a state funded grant or loan program to assist both public and private fleets with the purchase and installation of emission control equipment. Establish a marketing campaign to provide public and private fleet managers with the technical resources needed to install emission control equipment.


MORPC Diesel Subcommittee: MORPC Diesel Subcommittee Questions: David Abel, 614-233-4197 http://airquality.morpc.org/diesel-subcmt.html