Slide1: AUSA Panel V “TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY AND EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”


Slide2: Panel Members “TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”


Context: Context Nation at war Adaptive, asymmetric threat Protracted, full spectrum conflict Tactical missions with strategic implications Cultural awareness impacts military operations Soldiers deploy shortly after arrival at first unit “TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”


Slide4: Desired Skill Set of an Adaptive, Self Aware Leader Comfortable with being uncomfortable Adept at handling massive amounts of information Possesses technical savvy Able to devise creative solutions to complex challenges - thinkers Able to interact with indigenous populations Understands 2nd and 3rd order effects of actions – have global implications Imbues Warrior Ethos – commands trust and confidence of Soldiers… “TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”


Slide5: TRADOC Panel V Objectives Educate audiences about how the Army is adapting training and leader development and education programs to ensure Soldiers are prepared for the complex, uncertain, challenging environments of current and future battlefields. Provide diverse perspectives on anticipated requirements, resources, and challenges the Army faces in training and education. Stimulate creative thought and innovative approaches to training and education for the future “TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”


Slide6: Association of the United States Army 2005 Conference Mr. Maxie L. McFarland Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence United States Army Training and Doctrine Command


Slide7: Globalization ENDURING TRENDS: Technology Proliferation Friction between Cultures Competition for Natural Resources Gangs & Drugs Population and Economic Imbalance International Crime


Slide8: Some number of states will fail Conflict between states will continue U.S. will remain dominant global power U.S. will remain globally engaged Extremism will exist Which ones? Where and to what degree? Anti U.S. alliances and/or coalitions - Emerging regional powers Engaged where?, with whom? Global terrorism – rogue state – transnational organizations RELATIVE CERTAINTIES KEY UNCERTAINTIES THERE WILL BE CONFLICT ! WHERE? WHEN? WHO?


Slide9: Situations that are volatile, complex, uncertain and continuously changing. Threats that are combinations of traditional, irregular, unconventional and non-military. Environments that are urban, culturally diverse and governmentally fractured. Capabilities that are combinations of advanced, modern and low technologies. Tactics, methods and end states completely asymmetric to those of the United States. FUTURE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT WILL BE CHARACTERIZED BY:


Slide10: …So that US Leaders are competent to: Operate and function with different cultures Understand, leverage and apply new technology Swiftly adapt to changing situations Create conditions for decisive conclusion and stability Full spectrum problems on every mission Dynamic change in tactics and technology during operations Integration of coalition, allied and partner forces Modular, adaptive capabilities for missions Human dimension (culture) a factor in all operations Relative Certainties for Training Educate for Uncertainties…


Cultural Awareness : Cultural Awareness MG Barbara G. Fast Commander United States Army Intelligence Center


Slide12: If you don’t know the Culture, You’ll never win the game!!


Slide13: Cultural Awareness Defined Cultural Awareness is possessing an understanding, sensitivity, and appreciation of the history, values, experiences, behaviors, interactions, affective understanding and lifestyles of groups that include, but, are not limited to: Race, Ethnicity, Gender, Sexual Orientation, Religious Affiliation, Socio-economic Status and Mental/Physical Abilities. Colorado State University Research Center “Culture is the ‘human terrain’ of warfare. Human terrain is key terrain.” MG(Ret) Geoffrey Lambert


Slide14: Cultural Intelligence Advanced Training Specific Training “How and Why” +PLUS +PLUS +PLUS (Extract from “Through the Lens of Cultural Awareness”, LTC Wunderle, CGSC April 2005) Integrating Culture into Operations


Slide15: Professional Military Education Goals Soldiers and Leaders who understand and can apply cultural knowledge to enhance and improve the accomplishment of their military missions. I. Culture: understand the basic factors (beliefs, values, behaviors and norms) that comprise the key elements of any culture. II. American Culture: understand the basic factors (beliefs, values, behaviors and norms) that comprise the key elements of American culture, and how these factors/biases impact how other cultures are viewed/perceived. III. COE Culture: understand the basic factors (beliefs, values, behaviors and norms) that comprise the key elements of the COE culture. IV. Impact of Cultural Knowledge on Military Operations: the ability of Soldiers/Leaders to apply their understanding of the COE culture to the successful accomplishment of their military operations.


Slide16: Sample


Slide17: Cultural Awareness Initiative Goal: Establish the Fort Huachuca Cultural Center of Excellence Build a center of applied cross-cultural training, education, applied research, and dissemination at Fort Huachuca Forefront of applied research and development of training materials for cultures around the world Collaborative team (Army, DOD, university faculty, and other government agencies) Consists of institutional training, training the force, training the trainer and distance learning


Slide18: Fort Huachuca Cultural Center of Excellence Cultural Center HQS Cultural Training & Education Partnering Cross- Cultural Applied R&D Language Lab


Slide19: Closing Thoughts The “So What” of Cultural Awareness NOT JUST FOR KNOWLEDGE !!! To Facilitate application Soldiers and Leaders must : Understand impacts of religion on how they act Understand impacts of geography on how they act and think Understand what may insult /offend them Understand what is important to them Understand the dangers of stereotyping and other biases Understand how they (Indigenous Persons and Coalition Partners) think Understand social relationships and structure impacts the way they think or act Understand historical events and how they impact behaviors, beliefs and relationships Understand how to communicate with Coalition Partners and Indigenous Persons Understand Cultural Awareness impact on Battle Command And then act to apply all of the above in the decisions and actions they take to accomplish their missions.


Slide20: IET & NCOES Supporting an Army at War


Slide21: Agenda Need to Transform Initial Entry Training (IET) Current Warrior Tasks & Battle Drills (WTBD) Training in IET NCOES Transformation


Transforming IET: Transforming IET Relevance and Rigor Feed-back from OIF/OEF CSA directed A-Z review of IET WTBD recommendations & implementation Weapons Training Weapons Immersion Increased tactical training


Current WTBD in Initial Entry Training: Current WTBD in Initial Entry Training Challenges to Implementing WTBD Resources Cadre Ranges Weapons Immersion in AIT Transforming Forward Implementation of Weapons Immersion in AIT units TRADOC & field commanders continue to evaluate how Soldiers are prepared to conduct future combat operations


Slide24: Checkpoint Operations Convoy & Defensive Operations First Aid NBC Commo Combatives Bayonet Patriot BRM Grenades Machine Guns ARM Gunfighter Warrior Urban Opns Basic Tactics IED/Mines Quickfire Skill Validation Warrior Drills Initial POI Revision 9 Week (Resourced) Application of BCT Pilot Lessons Limited reinforcement time for DS 3 FTXs; final FTX about right length STX validation at end of each phase Most days very intense for cadre/DS Less time for COE training/immersion Warrior Tasks and Drills focus of POI Individual tasks trained in collective setting After Day 5; 9 POI hours/day Guard Duty Law of War/ROE Squad EXEVAL Land Nav 39 & 9


Slide25: Focus on leading and warfighting - today Develop innovative leaders capable of leading in uncertain and complex environments Technical expertise must exist inside a warrior-first mentality Reinforce the foundation of ethical decision making and Army values Instruction that trains leaders for next job and prepare them for future responsibilities NCOES must balance the needs of the current and future force Educating NCOs


NCOES Transformation Strategy: NCOES Transformation Strategy Develop Train-Ahead concept (facilitates Life Long Learning with guided self development) Reduce resident course lengths across NCOES - without degradation of learning outcome (supports Modular Force/ARFORGEN) Expand experiential learning with increased situational awareness (Agile Leaders, COE, cultural awareness, lessons learned, and conceptual learning)


Marine Corps Adaptations to Training & Leadership Development: Marine Corps Adaptations to Training & Leadership Development BGen M. G. Spiese CG, Training Command


Slide28: MCRD RECRUIT TRAINING SCHOOL OF INFANTRY ENLISTED PME CPL | SGT | SSGT | GYSGT | 1st SGT LEADER DEVELOPMENT ENLISTED THE BASIC SCHOOL MOS TRAINING COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGES E US ARMY CAREER LEVEL SCHOOL WAR COLLEGES OFFICER EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE SCHOOL SKILL PROGRESSION BY GRADE/MOS INITIAL MOS TRAINING


Slide29: Lead Subordinate Leaders Develop Subordinate Leaders Develop Leadership Climate Develop Leadership Climate Pvt / 2ndLt Entry Level Lead Marines ROAD MAPS Leverage and Exploit DL Reading Program Leading Self Preparing To Lead Developing the 21st Century Leader Leadership & Mentorship (Lejeune Leadership Institute) Gen JPME (JKDDC) JNTC OCS/TBS TBS WOBC EWS EWS OFEC (BATTLE CAPT) CSC SAW TLS GOWP OCS Corporals Course Cpl SgtMaj- MGySgt Sgts Course Sgt Career Course SSgt Adv Course GySgt Seminar Symposium 1stSgt-MSgt Lieutenant Captain Major LtCol & Col Cultural Training Throughout TECOM Skill Progression Common Combat Skills Training Unit Training Professional Military Education/Training Leading Change


Slide30: ADAPTATIONS LEADERSHIP Build and oversee formal instruction in the leadership progression model Oversee formal mentoring program ENLISTED PME/TRAINING Re-orient on combat leadership grounded in common combat skills/knowledge Curriculum sharing with appropriate Officer PME TECOE Functional responsibility across Training & Education Est. OFFICER PME/TRAINING Expand technology, particularly non-resident education Expand MOS progression training


Slide31: ADAPTATIONS MARINE AIR GROUND TASK FORCE TRAINING CENTER GWOT oriented predeployment training Corps-wide responsibilities for MAGTF training Repository of core capabilities (Amphibious Assault, MPF) Surrogate MEB Staff for experimentation, concept development, JNTC exercise


Slide32: ADAPTATIONS CULTURAL TRAINING Oversee collective and individual training incorporated in predeployment training and cultural orientation of Marines MARINE CORPS CENTER FOR LESSONS LEARNED Integrated into training establishment as a Forcing Function for observations and lessons


Slide33: ADAPTATIONS LEVERAGE & EXPLOIT DISTANCE LEARNING Expanding use throughout Training and Education establishment and continuum READING PROGRAM Updated and current ROAD MAPS Guide for career development in 190+ MOSs