World of Water

W2 WORLD of WATER:

W 2 WORLD of WATER 1

Slide 2:

2

Slide 3:

Mahomet Aquifer Consortium SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES in EAST-CENTRAL ILLINOIS 3

Slide 4:

WHY YOU SHOULD CARE YOU need a reliable supply of water. YOU share water sources with others. YOU can help protect the environment. YOUR actions can make a difference. 4

THREE PARTS:

THREE PARTS THE REGION 2. WATER USE 3. SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES 5

PART 1. THE REGION:

PART 1. THE REGION 6

Slide 7:

Bloomington Springfield Decatur Danville Illinois River Lake Springfield Mahomet Aquifer Illinois River EAST-CENTRAL ILLINOIS WATER PLANNING AREA SURFACE WATER and GROUNDWATER Dam & Reservoir Champaign -Urbana Pekin Havana 15-County Region Mahomet Aquifer Lake Decatur dam 8

Slide 8:

8 Community Groundwater Supplies in the Mahomet Aquifer 9

WHERE DOES OUR WATER COME FROM?:

WHERE DOES OUR WATER COME FROM? land surface Mahomet Aquifer (68%) Shallow aquifers (10%) Surface water (22%) 350 feet 10

ILLINOIS WATER LAW:

ILLINOIS WATER LAW Nobody has absolute ownership of water. We share water resources. You need a permit to construct a well, but not to withdraw water. Reasonable use – courts settle conflicts. No standards to prevent depletion of groundwater. 10

THE WATER CYCLE: climate, surface waters and groundwater are linked :

THE WATER CYCLE: climate, surface waters and groundwater are linked 11 run off RAIN AQUIFER [SAND] groundwater is stored in spaces between sand particles LAKE , RIVER or RESERVOIR ( surface water) infiltration evaporation

Slide 12:

FLOODS and DROUGHT 12

CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE:

CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE 13 SUMMER 1988 DROUGHT: SPRINGFIELD RAIN 4 in. SUMMER 1993 FLOODS: SPRINGFIELD RAIN 20 in. 14 AVERAGE SUMMER RAIN: SPRINGFIELD 12 INCHES

Slide 14:

14 Lake Springfield 1988 Drought

GLACIERS FORM AQUIFERS:

GLACIERS FORM AQUIFERS 15 15 USGS Wikipedia

EFFECTS OF GLACIERS: vertical slice through upper 300 feet of geology:

EFFECTS OF GLACIERS: vertical slice through upper 300 feet of geology BEDROCK Illinois River fast recharge slow recharge Havana Lowlands Indiana clay 16 Mahomet Aquifer sand sand sand

PART 2. WATER USE:

PART 2. WATER USE 17 17

A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM: TAPPING INTO NATURE:

A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM: TAPPING INTO NATURE 18 Aquifer (groundwater) Reservoir (surface water) Raw water treatment Waste water treatment Meter Discharge to stream

HOW MUCH WATER DO WE USE?:

HOW MUCH WATER DO WE USE? Total water use is expressed in millions of gallons per day (mgd) On average, East-Central Illinois uses: 200 mgd for homes, factories, schools and offices; 140 mgd for irrigation and agriculture 1,315 mgd for electric power plants are mainly recycled Each person uses about 70 – 90 gallons per day at home 19 1 million gallons

WATER USE AT HOME:

WATER USE AT HOME 20 32% 22% 18% 24% 4%

OUTDOOR WATER USE:

OUTDOOR WATER USE 21

Slide 22:

22 CROP IRRIGATION

WATER FOR ELECTRIC POWER PRODUCTION, INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE:

WATER FOR ELECTRIC POWER PRODUCTION, INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE 23

AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS: plants and animals need water in streams, rivers, lakes and wetlands:

AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS: plants and animals need water in streams, rivers, lakes and wetlands 24

WATER USE by COUNTY (mgd) (excluding power generation):

WATER USE by COUNTY ( mgd ) (excluding power generation) +36 to 68% COUNTY 2005 2050 Cass 13 20-24 Champaign 35 46-57 DeWitt 2 3 Ford 5 9-12 Iroquois 6 8-10 Logan 6 8-10 Macon 38 51-68 Mason 94 111-125 COUNTY 2005 2050 McLean 18 26-32 Menard 3 4 Piatt 3 4-5 Sangamon 30 38-47 Tazewell 71 112-149 Vermillion 13 18-20 Woodford 4 6 TOTAL 341 464-572 Water use increases about 20% during droughts 25

PART 3. SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES:

PART 3. SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES 26

SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES:

SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES PRECIOUS RESOURCE DROUGHT & CLIMATE CHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE FUTURE GENERATIONS PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT 27

WATER LEVEL BEFORE PUMPING 160 feet above top of aquifer:

WATER LEVEL BEFORE PUMPING 160 feet above top of aquifer Champaign-Urbana Mahomet Aquifer top of aquifer 160 feet 28

WATER LEVEL in 2005 80 feet above top of aquifer :

WATER LEVEL in 2005 80 feet above top of aquifer 29 Champaign-Urbana Mahomet Aquifer top of aquifer 80 feet

DON’T ALLOW WATER LEVEL TO DROP BELOW TOP OF AQUIFER :

DON’T ALLOW WATER LEVEL TO DROP BELOW TOP OF AQUIFER 30 Champaign-Urbana Mahomet Aquifer top of aquifer

STEPS TO SUSTAINABILITY :

STEPS TO SUSTAINABILITY Install monitoring wells. Maintain water level in wells above top of aquifer and protect aquatic ecosystems . Space future wells further apart. 31

RESERVOIRS:

RESERVOIRS 32 Lake Decatur

SEDIMENTATION RESULTS IN REDUCED WATER STORAGE CAPACITY IN RESERVOIRS:

SEDIMENTATION RESULTS IN REDUCED WATER STORAGE CAPACITY IN RESERVOIRS 33 RESERVOIR soil SEDIMENT soil 33

WEIGHING BENEFITS and COSTS:

WEIGHING BENEFITS and COSTS 34 BENEFITS: Reliable supplies Adequate supplies Clean water COSTS: $$$$ (Financial) Environmental

Slide 35:

maximize benefits minimize costs SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLIES 35

Slide 36:

BE INFORMED PARTICIPATE IN PLANNING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE ONLY USE WATER THAT YOU NEED 36

USE WATER EFFICIENTLY AT HOME:

USE WATER EFFICIENTLY AT HOME 37 low flush toilet shorter shower low pressure shower head fill set water level don’t leave on

THANK YOU!:

THANK YOU! 38 Mahomet Aquifer Consortium Regional Water Supply Planning Committee Illinois State Water Survey Illinois State Geological Survey Illinois Natural History Survey United States Geological Survey Illinois Department of Natural Resources Illinois American Water http://www.rwspc.org/ http://www.mahometaquiferconsortium.org/ http://isws.illinois.edu/