jatropha seeds stove

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THE PROSPECT OF DEVELOPMENT OF JATROPHA’S SEED STOVE MANUFACTURING UNIT BASED ON PUBLIC-INDEPENDENT ENERGY PROGRAM IN INDONESIA Agriculture Faculty - University of Brawijaya Malang – Indonesia Website : www.komporbijijarak.com Email : eko.widar@ub.ac.id Dr. Ir. Eko Widaryanto, MS

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MAIN MENU Background Benefit of Development Properness of the Use of Jatropha Seeds Stove Latest Innovations Distribution Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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BACKGROUND The energy crisis has affected the whole countries in the world, including Indonesia The conversion program of kerosene to LPG Difficult to find kerosene in domestic Price of biodiesel can not compete with fossil oil price (only $ 80/barel) Public independent energy programs based on jatropha’s Jatropha seeds all over Indonesia unutilized Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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BENEFIT OF JATROPHA’S SEED STOVE Fulfilling a part of the energy needs, particularly the use of suitable stove by the villagers, in which considered economic, qualified, and simple. Utilizing natural resources potency in Indonesia, especially jatropha’s in order to fulfill the energy needs. Improving the socio-economic capability and reducing toward global energy crisis through efficient energy usage. Opening the employment in order to improve the nati-onal economy level. Reducing environmental damages and global glass-house effects by using lower pollutant biofuel. Assisting the government in reducing petroleum sub-sidy, particularly kerosene. Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Assumption : 2% from 5.55 million (ha) = 412.500 ton/year (3.75 ton/ha/year, 2500 plants/ha, 1.5 kg/plant ) 412.500 ton / 288 kg = 1.432.291 household (288 kg/household) THE POTENCY OF JATROPHA SEED STOVE IN INDONESIA Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Non-subsidized oil prices per June, 2010 Petroleum prices have exceeded the limit of Psychological US $ 100 per barrel. In 2008, it has reached up to US $ 130 per barrel CURRENT FUEL CONDITIONS Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Calculation of Raw Materials Price Jatropha’ Seed Yield Under-CJO, World Crude Oil Price and Exchange Rate, February 2008 Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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KEROSENE QUEUING EARLY 2008 Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES: BIODIESEL TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP Main menu Movie

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Stove Briquette husks 37.5% kernels 62.5% shell 37.5% Industrial tree capsule Biodiesel cost seeds 62.5% OTHER UTILIZATION Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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THE PROPERNESS OF JATROPHA’SPER HOUSEHOLD If Jatropha curcas could resulted 4000 kg.ha-1year-1 (2000 plants.ha-1) ~ 46400 MJ.year-1. Fulfill 27 – 40 families for a year. (0.27 – 0.41 kg of kernels/family/day or 99 – 148 kg kernels/year 0.432 – 0.656 kg of seeds/family/day or 157.68 – 239.44 kg seed per family/year) per family per year or 0.27 – 0.41 kg of seeds per day. If yield of each tree is assumed 2 kg seeds per year, therefore, each household should be planting 80 – 120 trees Industrial tree tree Biodiesel cost Background Main menu Movie

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Note : 1 $ = Rp 9,100,- COMPARISON OF THE COST ANDFLAME DURATION OF VARIOUS FUELS Industrial tree tree Biodiesel cost Background Main menu Movie

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DISTRIBUTION Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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FRUITS BARK LEAVES WHOLE PLANT Anti-inflamating agents silviculture SEEDS HUSKS SHELLS OIL (CJO) PARTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS AND THEIR POSSIBLE USES Animal feed (protein supplement) Organic fertilizer Rodent repellent SEED CAKE Fuel Mulch Biogas Erosion control As a hedge Shelter plant for other plant Rodent repellent Sap: medicinal uses Tannins Dyes Lubricant Phorbolesters: Biopesticides, kill snails of Schistosomiasis Biodiesel Illumination Edible oil Soap production Other cosmetics Medicinal uses STOVE FUELS KERNELS Becker and Makkar, 1999 INDUSTRIAL TREE SCHEME OF JATROPHA Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Products

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PRODUCT Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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PRODUCT Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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PRODUCT Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Calophyllum inophyllum FUELS Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Palm Oil Fruit Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Copra (Dry Coconut Kernel) Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Products Movie

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Rubber seed Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Kapok’s seed Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Jatropha’s seed Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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MILLER Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Kapok’s Mill Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Jatropha’s Mill Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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BRIQUETTE MAKER Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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BRIQUETTE MAKER PARTS A B C D A. PresserB. BaseC. OuterD. Inner Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Movie

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Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Movie

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Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Movie

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Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Movie

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Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Movie

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BRIQUETTE PACKAGING Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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MANUFACTURING Background Main menu Distribution Briquette Products Movie

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PACKING Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Products Movie

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DISTRIBUTION Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Products Movie

Thank You : 

Thank You

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Background Main Menu Exhibition SOCIALIZATION AT SURABAYA (NOVEMBER, 2007) Movie

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SOCIALIZATION AT SURABAYA (JANUARY, 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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SOCIALIZATION AT MALANG (JULY, 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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SOCIALIZATION AT LAMONGAN (AUGUST, 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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SOCIALIZATION AT NTT (SEPTEMBER, 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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SOCIALIZATION AT SEMARANG (NOVEMBER, 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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EXHIBITION OF CREATIVE DAN INOVATIVE PRODUCTS AT MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION JAKARTA (AUGUST 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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EXHIBITION AT KABUPATEN JOMBANG (MARCH 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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EXHIBITION ON PERAGI CONGRESS AT UNIVERSITY OF BRAWIJAYA (JULY 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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EXHIBITION ON GREEN PRODUCT AT UNIVERSITY OF BRAWIJAYA (NOVEMBER 2008) Background Main Menu Exhibition Movie

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Video VISIT PRESIDENT RI SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO AT UNIVERSITY OF BRAWIJAYA (FEBRUARY 2009)

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Video

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LIMITED DISCUSSION USAGE OPPORTUNITIES AS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PRESIDENT OF COUNCIL CONSIDERATIONS (MARCH 2009) Video

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SPEAKER ON WORKSHOP OF DEVELOPMENT PHISICNUT AND CASHEW DIR .GENERAL OF PLANTATION-MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AT CIPAYUNG BOGOR (MARCH 2010) Video

PROPERNESS OF JATROPHA SEEDS STOVE : 

PROPERNESS OF JATROPHA SEEDS STOVE

BURNING STOVESAND PHYSICNUT SEEDS : 

BURNING STOVESAND PHYSICNUT SEEDS 200 g kernel produce heat energy (fire) for 1 hour ( 60 minutes) 1.5 liter water (1.47 kg) boil (100oC) in 8 minutes Means

FEASIBILITY EXPERIMENT : 

FEASIBILITY EXPERIMENT Physical Approach Heat quantity required Q (Joule) to increase temperature at T (oK) from the thing with the mass m (kg) and specific heat capasity (J kg-1 oK) Q = mcT

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Mass of biji jarak pagar (kg) which required could be calculate if specific heat capasity known Water specific heat capasity 4190 J.kg-1.oK, so increase in temperature of 1 kg of water (H2O) from an initial temperature of 25oC to 100oC requires energy: Q = (1 kg x 4190 J.kg-1.oK (100 – 25)oK)J Q = 314425 J Q = 0.31425 MJ

Composition and energy content of jatropha’s : 

Composition and energy content of jatropha’s

Energy Content of Jatropha curcas : 

Energy Content of Jatropha curcas Energy content of seeds with the skin20 MJ.kg-1,and without the coat (the kernel) 30 MJ.kg-1 Seed weight (W) needed to produce heat 314250J or to increase the temperature of 1 kg of water (H2O) at 75oC (from 25oC to 100oC) is : W = Qwater cseed 0.314250 MJ 30 MJkg-1 = = 10.475 g kernel  15.7 g seed with seed coat

EFFICIENCY : 

EFFICIENCY Comparison of the quantity of seed required to reality : Expected Observed 10.475 g 18.183 g = = 0.58 = 58% This value reflects the efficiency of thermal energy, amounting to 58% In practice, the heat generated in combustion is not used entirely for heating the water, but some containers used to heat the water and the environment

HOUSEHOLD USE OF SCALE : 

HOUSEHOLD USE OF SCALE If a family with four members, need energy to boil water 10-15 kg: = (10 – 15) x 0.314250 = (3.14250 – 4.7138) MJ = 1147.01 – 1720.52 MJ / year (1 year = 365 days) = 0.27 – 0.41 kg kernel (0.432 - 0.656 kg seeds) per day = 98.88 – 148.32 kg kernels (157.68 – 239.44 kg seeds) per year

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If Jatropha curcas could produce 4000 kg.ha-1year-1 (2000 plants.ha-1) ~ 46400 MJ.year-1. Fulfill 27 – 40 families for a year. (0.27 – 0.41 kg of kernels/family/day or 99 – 148 kg kernels/year 0.432 – 0.656 kg of seeds/family/day or 157.68 – 239.44 kg seed per family/year) per family per year or 0.27 – 0.41 kg of seeds per day. If yield of each tree is assumed 2 kg seeds per year, therefore, each household should be planting 80 – 120 trees

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STOVE USAGE OF CASTOR SEEDS AND CASTOR SEEDS AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR COOKING MORE SUBSTITUTIVE, NOT AS A SUBSTITUTE THAT HAS BEEN USED DURING THIS

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Seed Mill Powder Composition (% dry weight) of the variety and range of non-toxic toxic (Makkar et al., 1998) Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Products

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Projections and Revenue Per Year Results from the Physicnut (Siregar et al., 2005) Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Products

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The Jatropha plant is a type of fragrant alleged non-toxic range that contains the essential oil components from the analysis with GC - MS (Widaryanto, 2006, unpublished) as follows: Fragran Jatropha Plants Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Products

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Seeds Yield of Jatropha Curcas in Various Countries (Heller, 1996) Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Products

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Projections and Revenue Per Year Results from the Jatropha (siregar et al., 2005) Background Main menu Equipments Briquette Fuels Products