CLIVE JAMES 2006

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A Decade of Biotech Crops, 1996 –2005 Global Status and Future Prospects by Clive James, Chair, ISAAA Board of Directors International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) http://www.isaaa.org

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Global population 6 billion in 2000 - 9 billion in 2050 Crops are principal source of food, feed and fiber – 6.5 billion MT/yr valued at $1.7 trillion Challenge - double crop production on same area of land in a sustainable agricultural system by 2050 to produce affordable food/feed A contribution (not solution) to alleviation of poverty (1.3 billion), and malnutrition (850mill) Global Food, Feed and Fiber Security and the Alleviation of Poverty, Hunger and Malnutrition Source: Clive James 2006

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Accumulated Global Area (Million Acres) of Biotech Crops, The First Decade - 1996 to 2005 Source: Clive James, 2005 1 Billion Acres = 404.7 Million Hectares

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Global Area of Biotech Crops, million hectares The First Decade - 1996 to 2005: Industrial and Developing Countries Source: Clive James, 2006

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One billionth acre, or 400 millionth hectare of a biotech crop planted in 2005, with 10% area stacked 90 m. has (10% stacked) in 21countries, up from 81 m has in 17 countries in 2004, with 4 new countries 8.5 mill. biotech farmers, of which 90% or 7.7 mill. are resource-poor farmers in developing countries Biotech Bt rice commercialized for first time in Iran 1996 – 2005, double digit growth every single year with 9 mill has more , eq. to 11% growth, in 2005 Source: Clive James 2006 2005 Highlights

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Global Area (Million Hectares) of Biotech Crops, 1996 to 2005, by Country Source: Clive James, 2006

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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Soybean Cotton Canola Maize Conventional Biotech 91 35 26 147 Global Adoption Rates (%) for Principal Biotech Crops (Million Hectares) Source: Clive James, 2006 60% 28% 18% 14%

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During 1996 to 2005, % of global area of biotech crops in developing countries increased every single year Biotech area in developing countries grew 6.3 million hectares, or 23% in 2005, compared with 2.7million hectares or 5 % in industrial countries The five lead biotech crop developing countries - China, India, Argentina, Brazil and South Africa, with a combined population of 2.6 billion (40% of global) grew 31.6 million hectares of biotech crops in 2005, equivalent to 35% of global total Developing countries record bigger gains in biotech area than industrial countries in 2005 Source; Clive James , 2006

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China 6.4m small farmers benefit from Bt cotton in 2005 $5 billion benefits projected for 2010 from rice & cotton India – adopted Bt cotton in 2002; x 3 fold increase to 1.3 mill has in 2005 benefiting 1 mill small farmers Argentina - #2 biotech country - 20% global area in 2005 Benefits ~ $2 billion/yr from biotech soy, maize & cotton Brazil – 9.4m has RR Soy - largest increase 4.4m in 2005 Pot. benefits of ~$1b/yr from soy, cotton & maize alone. South Africa – Lead biotech country in Africa – in 2005 biotech maize, white (food), yellow (feed), soy & cotton. Source :Clive James 2006 The five lead developing countries deploying biotech crops

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IMPROVED PRODUCTIVITY AND INCOME – Increased yields of 5 to 40%. Farm income gains of $6.5 billion in 2004 & $27 billion 1996-2004; biotech crop production value of $50+ billion in 2005 PROTECT BIODIVERSITY - Double crop production on same area of land - save the forests/biodiversity - 13m ha loss/year in DCs ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT - Reduce need for external inputs – saving of 172,000 MT a.i. from 1996 to –2004. The future - fertilizers - Conservation of soil & WATER = SUSTAINABILITY YIELD STABILITY - control of abiotic/biotic stresses – promising progress with drought tolerance – major cause of famines SOCIAL BENEFITS - Alleviation of poverty, improved environment & health- a time saving technology – more affordable food, feed and fiber Summary - Major Benefits of Biotech Crops Source; Compiled by Clive James , 2006

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Biotech Crops - Global Economic Benefits: 1996 to 2004, and 2004 ALL COUNTRIES USA Argentina China Brazil Canada India Others Source: Brookes 2005 1996-2004 2004 $ 27.0 billion $ 10.7 billion $ 10.1 billion $ 4.2 billion $ 0.8 billion $ 0.8 billion $ 0.1 billion $ 0.3 billion $6.5 billion

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Improved Communication with Society. Knowledge-based decisions re Biotech crops Challenges for the Future

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Philippines ISAAA’s Global KC Indonesia Malaysia Brazil Argentina *China India Egypt Kenya South Africa Thailand Vietnam *Costa Rica *Chile *Senegal *Nigeria Knowledge and Experience Sharing Mali *Bangladesh 18 Near-term nodes *Pakistan Mexico 4 Future nodes Russia Bulgaria ISAAA’s Global Knowledge Center (KC) on Crop Biotechnology & Network of Biotechnology Information Centers (BICs) Italy Global Knowledge Center (KC), based at ISAAA, S.E.Asia Center in the Philippines

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CropBiotech Update Subscribers, 2001-05 65 684 4084 15089 24931 35579 56718 71886 82161 181727 182762 185,580 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 200000 Jan '01 June '01 Dec '01 June '02 Dec '02 June '03 Dec '03 June '04 Dec '04 June '05 July '05 Aug '05 Includes recipients of Crop Biotech Update translations in Bahasa Indonesia, Bangla, French, Italian, Portuguese (Brazil), Thai, and Vietnamese Does not include subscribers to other list serves that pick up articles from the Crop Biotech Update; estimated at 30,000 Total No. of recipients = 185,580 Growing at approx. 1,500-2,000/month = thirst for knowledge

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No. of media articles >1000 No. of countries reached ~ 22 No. of people reached ~165 mill. No. of translations ~ 12 90% of articles= positive or neutral Annual Review – “Global Status of GM Crops: Preview 2003” Knowledge Sharing with Global Society Publications – Impact of ISAAA Annual Reviews

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Improved Communication with Society. Knowledge-based decisions re Biotech crops The Future of Biotech Crops ? Challenges for the Future

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Projections for the next decade,2006- 2015 # of Biotech Countries # of Farmers Planting Biotech Crops Global Biotech Area 2005 2015 21 8.5 million 90 mill. has (222 mill. acres) ~40 ~20 million ~200 mill. has (500 mill. acres) Source: Clive James, 2006

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Improved Communication with Society. Knowledge-based decisions re Biotech crops Increase in # of Biotech countries, farmers and area Ensure that developing countries have option to use biotech crops in conjunction with conventional technologies to CONTRIBUTE to a more Sustainable Agriculture, Global Food, Feed & Fiber Security, Alleviation of Poverty and a Safer Environment Source: Clive James 2006 Challenges for the Future