6 Water issues in the Asia Pacific region

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Slide1: 

Water Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region Katoomba V Meeting Tokyo, 5 November 2002 Wouter Lincklaen Arriëns Lead Water Resources Specialist Asian Development Bank

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Stark Realities 1 in 3 Asians does not have access to safe drinking water 1 in 2 Asians does not have adequate sanitation facilities

Slide3: 

A Water Crisis? Competition for scarce water Increasing water pollution More floods and droughts Degraded watersheds Depleted groundwater Disappearing ecosystems

Slide4: 

Will our rivers... keep flowing into the sea?

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Presentation Outline

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Policy and institutional framework Water as a resource Water as a service ADB’s Water Policy ‘Water for All’ Valuation of ecosystem services, watershed markets, and private sector participation Discussion

Slide7: 

Policy and Institutional Framework

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Stakeholder participation Water sector coordination Effective national water policy Updated water legislation National water action agenda Capable institutions

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Water as a Resource

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Decentralization to river basin Planning and management Water rights Water quality control Conserve watersheds and ecosystems Vulnerability to disasters

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Water as a Service

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Autonomous and accountable service providers Community and private sector participation Regulatory framework and cost recovery Public awareness

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To invest in better water management... focus on people and governance first!

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ADB’s Policy ‘Water for All’

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Socially vital economic good that needs careful management to sustain equitable economic growth and reduce poverty Participatory approach needed to meet the challenges of water conservation and protection Principles

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Focus Improve water governance Manage water resources Deliver water services Investing to

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Sector Approach Policy and institutional reform River basin management Improving water services Catalyzing investments Capacity building Regional cooperation

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Ecosystems, Markets, Private Sector

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Valuing Ecosystems Part of river basin approach to water resource management Lack of practical examples Muthurajawela wetlands in Sri Lanka Hai river basin study in PRC

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Watershed Management Investing in watershed management: India, PRC, Sri Lanka, Laos, Viet Nam Nam Ngum watershed in Laos: link to poverty reduction Cost sharing needed: by users downstream or from hydropower revenues

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Watershed Markets Downstream water users pay for watershed protection and land management upstream IIED study reviewed 61 efforts in 22 countries Intermediaries mostly NGOs and government, little PSP

Slide22: 

Watershed Market Study Watershed Markets – Linking Land Managers and Water Users to Raise Welfare Paper presented by Natasha Landell-Mills of IIED at the International Water Conference 14-16 October 2002 Hanoi, Viet Nam

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Private Sector Participation Concern: is water ‘privatized’? More $ and higher efficiencies Needs policy, regulation, cost recovery, and public awareness Roles: WRM versus WSD ‘Water for All’ needs better water governance

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www.adb.org/water