SLAC 02022005 AMvdB

Slide1: 

Neutrino Detection in Salt Domes under LOFAR Ad M. van den Berg Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI), Groningen, NL International Workshop on Saltdome Shower Array

Outline: 

Outline High-Energy  Program ZEchstein SAlt Neutrino Array (ZESANA) Directly linked to LOFAR and its CR program (KVI, Uni Nijmegen, ASTRON) development of next generation of radio and signal-processing techniques cross calibration with other experiments (PAO ?)

National APP topics in NL*: 

National APP topics in NL* Compact Objects (GRB’s, mergers, collapsers, magnetars, SNR’s) Dark Matter & Exotic Particles Fundamental Physics *Preliminary streamlining by “Comité Astrodeeltjesfysica Nederland” CAN

Messengers and Detectors: 

Messengers and Detectors Messengers Cosmic Rays and ’s Gravitational waves Detectors LOFAR/PAO/Extensions ANTARES/KM3NeT (deep-sea) (mini-Grail, LISA-p)

New site in the Netherlands: 

New site in the Netherlands

LOFAR: Low Frequency Array: 

LOFAR: Low Frequency Array interferometer in frequency range of 10 - 200 MHz array of 100 stations of 100 dipole antennas baselines of 10 m to 400 km fully digital: received waves are digitized and sent to a central super computer (IBM Blue Gene @ university of Groningen) Science: Cosmology: HI at z >10 (époque of re-ionization) Surveys: >108 new sources All-Sky monitor: transient events See http://www.lofar.org

LOFAR: a digital telescope: 

LOFAR: a digital telescope

LOFAR: a sensor network: 

LOFAR: a sensor network Courtesy: KNMI NL

LOFAR as CR or  detector: 

LOFAR as CR or  detector from: Heino Falcke Uni Nijmegen, ASTRON CR

CR coherent synchrotron radiation T. Huege and H. Falcke A&A 412 (2003) 19-34: 

CR coherent synchrotron radiation T. Huege and H. Falcke A&A 412 (2003) 19-34

LOPES @ Kascade (FZK): 

LOPES @ Kascade (FZK) LOPES (LOFAR Prototype Station, Heino Falcke et al*) First CR events recently detected *) H. Falcke and P. Gorham, Astropart. Phys., 19 (2002) 477-494 T. Huege, H. Falcke, A&A, 412 (2003) 19-34

First Results: 

First Results From: Heino Falcke, 2nd Symposium “Astroparticle Physics in the Netherlands” From: A. Bellétoile et al, SF2A 2004 CODALEMA @ Nançay France

High-energy CR spectrum: 

High-energy CR spectrum Bram Achterberg Colloquium Kapteyn 15 November 2004

Marginal explanation by conventional models : 

Marginal explanation by conventional models Bram Achterberg Colloquium Kapteyn 15 November 2004

Built a UHE  detector: 

Built a UHE  detector UHE ’s provide complementary information sources are transparent Universe is transparent no charge; no influence from EM fields velocity is known direct link between  and  spectrum

How (one option ...): 

How (one option ...) Detect UHE ’s using rock salt in Northern Europe (Groningen) Monitor UHE CR’s with LOFAR Develop: radar techniques for salt domes techniques to install antennas in salt domes understanding of UHE CR and  interactions with matter calibrate various detector systems (PAO  LOFAR)

Underground salt layers*: 

Underground salt layers* Zechstein salt salt pillars cavern * © TNO-NITG

Footprint of LOFAR: 

Footprint of LOFAR

Salt in Groningen: 

Salt in Groningen Veendam Assen Emmen Stadskanaal © TNO-NITG Onstwedde Zuidwending

Zuidwending salt dome: 

Zuidwending salt dome 3D model of the Zuidwending salt dome: view from the East. The active horizon is the top of the salt. Purple: Triassic; Dark green: Lower Cretaceous; Light green: Upper Cretaceous Orange: Lower Tertiary; Yellow: Miocene-Quaternary. © TNO-NITG 2,5 km 7,5 km

Zuidwending Dome ?: 

Zuidwending Dome ? Aardgasbuffer Zuidwending: a fast Compressed Natural Gas storage Gastransport Services, Akzo Nobel Salt, NUON (Energy Valley)

Salt domes under LOFAR: 

  LOFAR Salt domes under LOFAR CR

First preliminary results (Chiba): 

First preliminary results (Chiba)

R & D Needed: 

R & D Needed Radio attenuation length measurement Ultra-sensitive underground radar techniques (receiver antennas) Cross calibration with other experiments (PAO, acoustic, WSRT, ...?)

Conclusion: 

Conclusion Radio techniques for detection of UHE  are very promising and provide an important step for the next generation of  telescopes LOFAR, the largest radio telescope in the world, can be used for UHE CR and  detection; it can be complemented with ZESANA using ‘standard’ techniques LOFAR + PAO S/N ? & ZESANA PAO South & LOFAR