EEA Workshop Buhaug IMO index

Assessment of CO2 emission performance of individual ships: The IMO CO2 index: 

Assessment of CO2 emission performance of individual ships: The IMO CO2 index Øyvind Buhaug MARINTEK

Contents: 

Contents Why IMO developed the CO2 index A description of the CO2 index Trial results and interpretations Future developments Closing remarks

Why IMO developed the CO2 index: 

Why IMO developed the CO2 index (1997) MEPC invited to consider CO2 reduction strategies (2000) IMO study on GHG emissions from ships (2003) Assebly resolution A.963(23) urges MEPC to identify and develop the mechanism or mechanisms needed to achieve the limitation or reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from international shipping CO2 not part of MARPOL Annex VI

Basic concept of the environmental index: 

Basic concept of the environmental index

2005: Interim Guidelines for voluntary ship CO2 indexing for use in trials (MEPC circ. 471): 

2005: Interim Guidelines for voluntary ship CO2 indexing for use in trials (MEPC circ. 471)

Current status:: 

Current status: Guidelines for CO2 indexing are voluntary and temporary MEPC has invited the industry to use the guidelines and report experiences Based on reported experience, the interim guidelines will be discussed / developed further at MEPC 58, 2008

About the IMO index: 

About the IMO index

What to measure?: 

What to measure? Index (design) Promote better design Index (operation) Promote improved operation

Design index: 

Design index Theoretical design efficiency of containerships Source: MEPC 51/inf 2 (Germany)

Design index: 

Design index Developing a design index is complicated Risk of sub-optimisation, questions about cost-effectiveness Design element covered in an overall efficiency indicator

Efficiency indicator: What should be considered?: 

Efficiency indicator: What should be considered? And in addition: Measure good/bad? One per shiptype? how to verify?

CO2 index as per interim guidelines: 

CO2 index as per interim guidelines Total fuel consumption Distance travelled over ground Cargo mass or alternative cargo unit

Experience from trials using the IMO CO2 index: 

Experience from trials using the IMO CO2 index Results from Task 2: IMO CO2 index EU Tender No. ENV.C.1/SER/2005/0077

CO2 index Trial: Sources of data: 

CO2 index Trial: Sources of data Directly from ships (by excel form) Via ship owner databases

Trial results : 

Trial results

Trial results – single ship: 

Trial results – single ship

Reasons behind variation in index value: 

Reasons behind variation in index value ship size cargo requirements utilization of cargo space speed length of ballast (repositioning) voyages ship condition (engine condition, hull and propeller fouling, etc) weather and currents errors in measurement and registration

Reference level : 

Reference level Reference level (benchmark) is needed to evaluate performance Establishing benchmark is key challenge to make use of index Gap between performance and benchmark may be used for incentive schemes, to generate emission trade credits or other policy instruments

Trials: Recommendations on use: 

Trials: Recommendations on use Suitable for reporting specific emission levels (useful for cargo owners) Other indexes more practical to identify improvement areas in daily operation A reference level is needed to assess performance for use with incentive scemes, taxtation scemes etc. Performance must be judged on basis of performance of other ships carrying comparable goods on comparable routes A reference level must be regularily updated to stay relevant. By ship operators By autorites

Future developments: 

Future developments

IMO database for trial results: 

IMO database for trial results Web based reporting systems Scheduled to be in operation by end of October Data to be submitted by National administrations (or someone acting on their behalf) Database will be used to further develop the index and to identify baseline/benchmark values

IMO database for trial results (GISIS): 

IMO database for trial results (GISIS)

Closing remarks: 

Closing remarks The IMO CO2 index is an accurate measure of actual efficiency To reduce emissions, it must be implemented it in emission reduction schemes. This is possible only when reference levels are established The efficiency of a ship is constrained by external factors such as availability of goods Further development is needed to develop suitable reference levels that take external factors into account More data is needed to support development. The IMO database will support this activity, but ship owners and maritime administrations must cooperate to provide data

Thank you for your attention: 

Thank you for your attention