Greek Architecture: Greek Architecture By: Denise Zou


Classical Orders: Classical Orders Classical order-ancient style of building design. Three orders: -Doric -Ionic -Corinthian Ionic Corinthian


Doric Order: Doric Order Qualities -Simple design -Boldness


Metopes and Triglyphs: Metopes and Triglyphs Metope- block of space between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze. Triglyph- vertical tablet with three line pattern. Triglyph Metope


Doric Order cont.: Doric Order cont. Earliest example stone temple remains-7th cent. BC. Reached maturity-end of 6th cent. BC. Temple of Hera


Parthenon: Parthenon One of the most famous Doric buildings. Built between 227 and 432 BC. Famous for its legendary refinements. Digitally Reconstructed


Ionic Order: Ionic Order More decorative than Doric but less than Corinthian. Longer columns and taller shafts. Long and Lean Design


Frieze: Frieze Unlike Doric, Ionic has plain friezes w/o metopes. Frieze- horizontal band that runs below the cornice. Both pictures have plain spaces above the spiral volutes.


Volute: Volute Volute-a spiral scroll-like ornament in the capital of the Ionic column. Later found in Corinthian order.


Temple of Athena Nike: Temple of Athena Nike Small temple at the gateway of the Acropolis. One of the oldest examples of Ionic order.


Corinthian Order: Corinthian Order Most decorative out of all the three orders. Features: -Flat roof. -Symmetrical


Acanthus Leaves: Acanthus Leaves Carved into the capitals of Corinthian columns. Resembles thistle, poppy, and parsley leaves. The acanthus plant Acanthus on a capital


Corinthian Order cont.: Corinthian Order cont. Corinthian temples began being built at end of 5th cent. BC. The Temple of Apollo was one the earliest Corinthian temples.


Temple of Apollo: Temple of Apollo Located in Bassae, Greece. Built in 5th century BC-earliest Corinthian temple. This style was more commonly liked in Rome.


Sites: Sites Many temples have been rebuilt after they were taken apart by other countries during invasions.


Athens: Athens Has fine examples of Greek architecture. Acropolis -Parthenon -Propylaea -Statue of Athena -Temple of Athena Nike


Acropolis: Acropolis Other mentionable features of the Acropolis: - Bronze statue of Athena -The Erechiteion, -Old Temple of Athena


Delos: Delos Important place in mythology, history, and architecture. In mythology, is the birthplace of Apollo and Artemis.


Temple of the Delians: Temple of the Delians Built in 478 BC but never finished. It was the biggest out of the three temples dedicated to Apollo and it is a famous example of the Doric order.


Bassae: Bassae Famous archaeological site-the very first Greek site inscribed on the World Heritage List. Most famous for Temple of Apollo Epicurius.


Temple of Apollo Epicurius: Temple of Apollo Epicurius Built in mid-5th century BC. Famous for its unique features- has the oldest Corinthian capital yet found. Well preserved.


The Making of Buildings…: The Making of Buildings… After the Mycenaean period, the amount of prosperity in Greece dropped and it took a while for Greece to regain funds. Finally, in 7th century BC, Greece could fund extra ventures, like architecture, that were more for art than for survival. needed money! Modern Greek currency, the Euro.


Methods: Methods Wood supports. Unbaked brick, limestone, or marble used for wall material. Terracotta for roof making and bronze detailing. Terracotta


Marble: Marble Marble was used rarely, even with temples. It was very expensive and had to be imported which cost more. This is a caryatide, a marble statue of a woman in the place of a column.


Limestone: Limestone Limestone was more commonly used because: -cheaper -readily available -easier to cut Limestone gorgon from the Temple of Artemis.


Tufa: Tufa Tufa was even used in Greek architecture. Tufa- rough calcite rock that forms in water with calcium near.


Architects and Sculptors: Architects and Sculptors Phidias, Iktinos, and Kallikrates were known for the refined work they did on buildings such as the Parthenon and other parts of the Acropolis. Graphic reconstruction of Phidias’ statue of Athena.


Phidias: Phidias Supervised the construction of the Parthenon. Classic sculptor who made: -Statues of Athena -Statue of Zeus at Olympia Phidias Showing the Frieze of the Parthenon to his Friends (1868)


Iktinos: Iktinos Worked with Kallikrates under Phidias to build the Parthenon. Said to have built the Temple of Apollo at Bassae. The three architects together.


Kallikrates: Kallikrates Along with making the Parthenon, Kallikrates has been said to have made: -the Temple of Athena Nike -The Long Walls that connect Athens and Piraeus. The Long Walls were supposed to protect the Athenians from siege.


Thanks for Watching!: Thanks for Watching! I hope you enjoyed it!