childhoodobesity

Slide 1 :O B E S I T Y


New Improved Oreo’s :New Improved Oreo’s


Slide 4 :Changes in Prevalence of Adult Obesity >= 25% 20-24% 15-19% 10-14% <10% No data Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, based on self-reported weight and height via telephone interview. Obesity is defined as BMI >= 30.0. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, NCCDPHP, CDC. Obj. 19-2


Slide 5 :Man’s Fat is Man’s Fate


Slide 7 :Prevalence and Identification


Muffin :Muffin How long will you have to vacuum to to burn* 310 calories? 20 Years Ago Today 210 Calories 1.5 ounces How many calories are in today’s muffin? 500 calories 5 ounces Calorie Difference: 310 calories *Based on 150 pound person You will you have to vacuum 1 hour and 20 minutes to burn* 310 calories?


Coffee :Coffee 20 Years Ago (Coffee with milk) Today Cafe Latte (Coffee and milk) 45 Calories 8 ounces Calorie Difference: 305 calories How long will you have to walk briskly to to burn* 305 calories? How many calories are in today’s coffee? 350 calories 20 Ounces *Based on 150 pound person You will have to walk briskly for 1 hour and 10 minutes to to burn* 305 calories? Coffee


SODA :SODA 20 Years Ago Today 85 Calories 6 ½ ounces Calorie Difference: 165 calories How many calories are in this soda? 250 calories 20 ounces *Based on 160 pound person How long would you have to garden to burn 165 calories?. How to burn* 165 calories: Garden for 35 Minutes


FRENCH FRIES :FRENCH FRIES 20 Years Ago Today 210 Calories 2.4 ounces How many calories are in these fries? 610 calories 6.9 ounces Calorie Difference: 400 calories *Based on 160 pound person How long will you have to walk to burn* 400 calories? How to burn* 400 calories:  Walk leisurely for 1 hr 10 Minutes


Slide 12 :Chicken Stir Fry 20 Years Ago Today 435 calories 2 cups Calorie Difference: 430 calories How long will you have to do aerobic dance to burn* 430 calories? How many calories are in today’s chicken stir fry? 865 calories 4 ½ cups *Based on 150 pound person You will you have to do aerobic dance for 1 hour to burn* 430 calories?


Slide 13 :CHEESEBURGER 20 Years Ago Today 330 calories Calorie Difference: 257 calories How many calories are in this cheeseburger? 590 calories *Based on 130 pound person How long would you have to lift weights to burn up 257 calories? How to burn* 257 calories: Lift weights for 1 hour and 30 minutes


Popcorn (cooked in vegetable shortening, without extra butter) :Popcorn (cooked in vegetable shortening, without extra butter) 20 Years Ago Today 270 calories 5 cups Calorie Difference: 360 calories How to long do you have to do water aerobics to burn* 360 calories? How many calories are in today’s popcorn? 630 calories 11 cups *Based on 150 pound person You will have to do water aerobics for 1 hour and 20 minutes to burn* 360 calories.


Caesar Side Salad(romaine lettuce, croutons, dressing, and parmesan cheese) :Caesar Side Salad(romaine lettuce, croutons, dressing, and parmesan cheese) 20 Years Ago Today 140 calories 1 ½ cups Calorie Difference: 330 calories How long do you have to walk the dog to burn* 330 calories? How many calories are in today’s Caesar Side Salad? 470 calories 3 ½ cups *Based on 150 pound person To burn* 330 calories you must walk the dog for 1 hr and 35 minutes.


Percentage of Overweight Children and Teens :Source: Ogden et al. JAMA 2002;288(14):1728-32 Percent Boys 6-11 Girls 6-11 Male Teens 12-19 Female Teens 12-19 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Percentage of Overweight Children and Teens 14 16 1963–70 1971–74 1976–80 1988–94 1999–2000


Parents :Parents Have been responsible for their children’s nutritional intake during the first 4 or 5 years before beginning school & their physical activity, or lack thereof (too much TV, etc.) Buy foods that are in homes


BMI - Definition :BMI - Definition Measured by Body Mass Index (BMI) Calculated as follows: Weight in pounds divided by height in inches times 704.5 = BMI Can be misleading for very muscular people or lactating women


Slide 19 :Obesity in the US Nearly two thirds of US adults are overweight (BMI  25), and over 30% are obese (BMI  30) 400,000 deaths per year due to poor diet/inactivity $117 billion/year in economic costs (2000 data)


Slide 20 :Kidney disease 0 5 10 15 20 Tobacco Poor diet/Physical inactivity Alcohol consumption Microbial agents Toxic agents Firearms Sexual behavior Motor vehicles Illicit drug use Percentage (of all deaths) Heart Disease Cancer Chronic lower respiratory disease Unintentional Injuries Pneumonia/influenza Diabetes Alzheimer’s disease Stroke Percentage (of all deaths) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 * Miniño AM, Arias E, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Smith BL. Deaths: final data for 2000. National Vital Statistics Reports 2002; 50(15):1-120. † Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA. 2004;291(10):1238-1246. Actual Causes of Death† Causes of DeathUnited States, 2000 Leading Causes of Death*


Proportion of Diseases Attributable to Obesity (Men) :Proportion of Diseases Attributable to Obesity (Men) CHD 11% Congestive Heart Failure 11% Gallbladder disease 14% Type 2 Diabetes 21% Stroke 11% Hypertension 15% Osteoarthritis 18% Prostate Cancer 5% Colon Cancer 8% Various Cancers Gallbladder Ca 7% Lymphoma 8% Multiple Myeloma 8% Source: Wolf AM et al. Paper in progress


Proportion of Diseases Attributable to Obesity (Women) :Proportion of Diseases Attributable to Obesity (Women) CHD 9% Congestive Heart Failure 13% Gallbladder disease 17% Type 2 Diabetes 24% Hypertension 15% Breast Cancer 11% Endometrial Cancer 16% Colon Cancer 7% Various Cancers Gallbladder Ca 9% Lymphoma 8% Multiple Myeloma 8% Source: Wolf AM et al. Paper in progress Ovarian Cancer 5% Cervical Cancer 5%


The Cost of Obesity is Comparable to other Chronic Diseases :The Cost of Obesity is Comparable to other Chronic Diseases Billions, $ Obesity 1 75.0 Type 2 Diabetes* 2 73.7 Coronary heart disease 3 52.4 Hypertension 4 28.2 Arthritis 5 23.9 Breast Cancer 6 7.1 1 Finkelstein EA, Obes Res 2004;12 4. Hodgson TA et al. Med Care 2001;39:599 2 ADA Diabetes Care, 2003;26:917 5 Yelin & Callahan. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:1351 3 Hodgeson TA et al. Medical Care 1999:37:994. 5 Brown ML, et al. Medical Care; 2002;40(suppl): IV-104 Direct Cost of Chronic Diseases in the U.S. ($2003)


Obesity’s health care cost is comparable to or worse than aging, smoking and drinking :Obesity’s health care cost is comparable to or worse than aging, smoking and drinking Sturm R. Health Affairs 2002;21:245-253


Healthcare costs are increased among the obese AND increase with the degree of obesity :Services 30–34.9 35 Physician visits 14 25 Pharmacy 60 78 Laboratory 24 85 All outpatient services 21 37 All inpatient services 33 70 TOTAL 25 44 Healthcare costs are increased among the obese AND increase with the degree of obesity Quesenberry et al. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:466 Body mass index (kg/m2) Data from a 1993 health survey of members of a large HMO (n = 17,118) Percentage increase in costs comparing obese to nonobese (BMI < 25)


Slide 26 :Prevalence of Disease and Conditions Due to Obesity Sleep apnea5 Type 2 diabetes1 Gallbladder disease1 Asthma4 Hypertension2 Coronary heart disease (CHD)1 Osteoarthritis3 Breast cancer1 Uterine cancer1 Colon cancer1 95% 61% 30% 25–40% 25% 17% 14% 11% 11% 11% 1Wolf AM, Colditz GA. Obes Res. 1998;6:97. 2American Health Foundation Roundtable on Healthy Weight. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63(suppl):4095. 3Camargo CA Jr et al. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:2582. 4Gelber AC et al. Am J Med. 1999;107:542. 5Suratt PM, Findley LJ. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:881.


Virginia’s Adult Obesity Statistics :Virginia’s Adult Obesity Statistics The average American gained 10 pounds in the 1990’s 58% of adult Virginians were either overweight or obese in 2002 Of the Virginia State Employees that participated in the Common Health screening 64% were either overweight or obese


Trends in Child and Adolescent Overweight :Percent 1963-67 1971-74 1976-80 1988-94 Obj. 19-2 Percent Males 12-19 Females 12-19 Trends in Child and Adolescent Overweight Note: Overweight is defined as BMI >= gender- and weight-specific 95th percentile from the 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States. Source: National Health Examination Surveys II (ages 6-11) and III (ages 12-17), National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I, II, III and 1999-2000, NCHS, CDC. 1999-2000 1966-70 Females 6-11 Males 6-11


Virginia Physical Activity Statistics :Virginia Physical Activity Statistics 50.6% of Virginians reported not getting the daily allotment of recommended physical activity 22.1% of Virginians reported not getting any physical activity


Steps to a HealthierUS :Steps to a HealthierUS 75% of our nation’s health care $ are spent on chronic preventable diseases Priority issues: obesity, diabetes, and asthma Risk factors: poor nutrition, physical inactivity, and tobacco use