logging in or signing up ajw Davide Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 50 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: February 14, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript The LIS Foundations of IA: The LIS Foundations of IA A Presentation Made at the University of Arizona SIRLS Amy J. Warner, Ph.D.Who I Am: Who I Am Independent consultant in taxonomy & metadata design and information architecture Formerly Thesaurus Design Specialist with Argus Associates, Inc. Faculty member in library and information science at University of Wisconsin-Madison (1985-1988) and University of Michigan (1989-2000) Co-author of Information Retrieval Today Fortune 500 consulting Amy J. Warner, Ph.D. (warneramyj@yahoo.com)Outline: Outline What is IA? IA defined Why IA is important Basic concepts and building blocks of IA IA in context IA and users IA and business context Definition of IA: Definition of IA The art and science of structuring and organizing information systems to help people achieve their goals. The application of principles and methods of library and information science (LIS) to the design of corporate intranets and websites.Why Is IA Important: Why Is IA Important Costs To the user Finding information (time, # of clicks, frustration, precision) Not finding information (recall, frustration) To the organization (lost revenue, competition) Value of learning (related products, services, projects, people)Why Is IA Important: Why Is IA Important Wasted expense: most sites will waste between $1.5M and $2.1M on redesign next year Forfeited revenue: poorly architected retail sites are underselling by as much as 50% Lost customers: the sites we tested are driving away up to 40% of repeat traffic Eroded brand: people who have a bad experience typically tell 10 others Web Site Statistics Forrester Research Why Most Web Sites Fail (Sept. ‘96)Why Is IA Important: Why Is IA Important Employees spend 35% of productive time searching for information online (Working Council for Chief Information Officers) Managers spend 17% of their time (6 weeks a year) searching for information (Information Ecology, Thomas Davenport & Lawrence Prusack) Sun’s usability experts calculated that 21,000 employees were wasting an average of six minutes per day due to inconsistent intranet navigation structures. When lost time was multiplied by staff salaries, the estimated productivity loss exceeded $10M per year (Web Design and Development, Jakob Nielsen [Sept. 1997) Intranet StatisticsWhy IA Fails: Why IA Fails ‘Internet time’ Cultural issues--developers, librarians, managers Project management Underestimating the problem Thinking it’s easy Good IA is ‘invisible’Why IA Is Hard: Why IA Is Hard Expectations Underestimating time/cost Underestimating difficulty of task Diversity: goals, users, authors Heterogeneous content / objects Relevance is subjective and situational Organization & language are ambiguousMaking IA a Manageable Problem: Making IA a Manageable Problem Identify and address the major needs of major audiences Remove old, outdated content (ROT) Enable precision Design for the 80/20 ruleBasic Concepts/Components of IA: Basic Concepts/Components of IA Organization systems Navigation systems Labeling systems Searching systemsOrganization Systems: Organization Systems Organization scheme defines the shared characteristics of content items and influences the logical grouping of those items identify through content inventory types exact--divide information into well-defined and mutually exclusive groups (alphabetical, chronological, geographical) ambiguous--divide information into categories that are not exactly defined or necessarily mutually exclusive (topical, task-oriented, audience specific, metaphor drivenOrganization Scheme, cont.: Organization Scheme, cont. Organization structure defines the principle ways in which users can navigate often can be determined through user research models hierarchy--top down polyhierarchies depth vs. breadth hypertext--nonlinear chunking and linking databases--relationalNavigation Systems: Navigation Systems Hierarchical navigation systems--the information hierarchy is the primary navigation system Global navigation systems--often enables greater vertical and lateral navigation within a site Local navigation systems--often used for sub-sites Ad hoc navigation--relationships between individual content items or groups of content items; usually embedded within a page Mechanisms for producing navigation systems navigation bars frames pull-down menus tables of content, indexes, site map, guide pages Vanguard.com Navigation: Vanguard.com NavigationVanguard.com Navigation: Vanguard.com NavigationGlobalVolunteers.com Navigation: GlobalVolunteers.com NavigationLabeling Systems: Labeling Systems Synonymy and ambiguity Labels as links Labels and index/search terms Labels as headings on pages Sources for labeling systems other web sites controlled vocabularies outside, inside the organization content users and experts Subject/Contextual Clarification of Labels: Subject/Contextual Clarification of LabelsAmbiguity of Index Terms: Ambiguity of Index TermsSynonymy of Labels on Same Page: Synonymy of Labels on Same PageInconsistency of Labeling Across Pages: Inconsistency of Labeling Across PagesSearching Systems: Searching Systems Support different types of search comprehensiveness vs accuracy exploration existence Support different search mechanisms Natural language vs. controlled vocabulary Searching fields Retrieval models (boolean, statistical, etc.) Integrate search and browseIntegration of Search and Browse: Integration of Search and BrowseAmazon.com Advanced Search: Amazon.com Advanced SearchIA ‘Generations’: IA ‘Generations’ ‘Brochureware’ Pages served from database Metadata-driven website CMSAn Ecological Approach: An Ecological ApproachIA From Top to Bottom: IA From Top to Bottom Top-Down Bottom-Up portal sub-site strategy objects hierarchy metadata primary path multiple paths Object X Name: Product Category: Topic: Stale Date: Author: Security:Where Does IA Fit?: Where Does IA Fit? The Elements of User Experience Jesse James GarrettWhy Metadata-Driven Web Sites: Why Metadata-Driven Web Sites So Your Users Don’t Have To!Epicurious.com: Epicurious.comEpicurious.com Facets: Epicurious.com Facets Beans, Beef, Berries, Cheese, Chocolate, Citrus, Dairy, Eggs, Fish, Fruits, Garlic, Ginger, Grains, Greens, Herbs, Lamb, Mushrooms, Mustard, Nuts, Olives, Onions, Pasta, Peppers, Pork, Potatoes, Poultry, Rice, Shellfish, Tomatoes, Vegetables Main Ingredients African, American, Asian, Caribbean, Eastern European, French, Greek, Indian, Italian, Jewish, Mediterranean, Mexican, Middle Eastern, Scandinavian, Spanish Cuisine Advance, Bake, Broil, Fry, Grill, Marinade, Microwave, No Cook, Poach, Quick, Roast, Sauté, Slow Cook, Steam, Stir Fry Preparation Method Christmas, Easter, Fall, Fourth of July, Hanukkah, New Years, Picnics, Spring, Summer, Superbowl, Thanksgiving, Valentine's Day, Winter Season/Occasion Appetizers, Bread, Breakfast, Brunch, Condiments, Cookies, Desserts, Hors D'oeuvres, Main Dish, Salads, Sandwiches, Sauces, Side Dish, Snacks, Soup, Vegetables Course/DishEpicurious, First Facet: Epicurious, First Facet Browse > PicnicsEpicurious, Second Facet: Epicurious, Second Facet Browse > Picnics > PoultryBitpipe.com: Bitpipe.com Search Term Broader Term Narrower Terms Related TermsBitpipe’s CV: Bitpipe’s CV Web Application Software BT Internet Application Software NT eBusiness Software eCommerce Software Portal Applications Software RT Internet Web Applications Architectures Web Development Tools Webmaster Slide38: Contact: Amy J. Warner warneramyj@yahoo.com Questions?? You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
ajw Davide Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 50 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: February 14, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript The LIS Foundations of IA: The LIS Foundations of IA A Presentation Made at the University of Arizona SIRLS Amy J. Warner, Ph.D.Who I Am: Who I Am Independent consultant in taxonomy & metadata design and information architecture Formerly Thesaurus Design Specialist with Argus Associates, Inc. Faculty member in library and information science at University of Wisconsin-Madison (1985-1988) and University of Michigan (1989-2000) Co-author of Information Retrieval Today Fortune 500 consulting Amy J. Warner, Ph.D. (warneramyj@yahoo.com)Outline: Outline What is IA? IA defined Why IA is important Basic concepts and building blocks of IA IA in context IA and users IA and business context Definition of IA: Definition of IA The art and science of structuring and organizing information systems to help people achieve their goals. The application of principles and methods of library and information science (LIS) to the design of corporate intranets and websites.Why Is IA Important: Why Is IA Important Costs To the user Finding information (time, # of clicks, frustration, precision) Not finding information (recall, frustration) To the organization (lost revenue, competition) Value of learning (related products, services, projects, people)Why Is IA Important: Why Is IA Important Wasted expense: most sites will waste between $1.5M and $2.1M on redesign next year Forfeited revenue: poorly architected retail sites are underselling by as much as 50% Lost customers: the sites we tested are driving away up to 40% of repeat traffic Eroded brand: people who have a bad experience typically tell 10 others Web Site Statistics Forrester Research Why Most Web Sites Fail (Sept. ‘96)Why Is IA Important: Why Is IA Important Employees spend 35% of productive time searching for information online (Working Council for Chief Information Officers) Managers spend 17% of their time (6 weeks a year) searching for information (Information Ecology, Thomas Davenport & Lawrence Prusack) Sun’s usability experts calculated that 21,000 employees were wasting an average of six minutes per day due to inconsistent intranet navigation structures. When lost time was multiplied by staff salaries, the estimated productivity loss exceeded $10M per year (Web Design and Development, Jakob Nielsen [Sept. 1997) Intranet StatisticsWhy IA Fails: Why IA Fails ‘Internet time’ Cultural issues--developers, librarians, managers Project management Underestimating the problem Thinking it’s easy Good IA is ‘invisible’Why IA Is Hard: Why IA Is Hard Expectations Underestimating time/cost Underestimating difficulty of task Diversity: goals, users, authors Heterogeneous content / objects Relevance is subjective and situational Organization & language are ambiguousMaking IA a Manageable Problem: Making IA a Manageable Problem Identify and address the major needs of major audiences Remove old, outdated content (ROT) Enable precision Design for the 80/20 ruleBasic Concepts/Components of IA: Basic Concepts/Components of IA Organization systems Navigation systems Labeling systems Searching systemsOrganization Systems: Organization Systems Organization scheme defines the shared characteristics of content items and influences the logical grouping of those items identify through content inventory types exact--divide information into well-defined and mutually exclusive groups (alphabetical, chronological, geographical) ambiguous--divide information into categories that are not exactly defined or necessarily mutually exclusive (topical, task-oriented, audience specific, metaphor drivenOrganization Scheme, cont.: Organization Scheme, cont. Organization structure defines the principle ways in which users can navigate often can be determined through user research models hierarchy--top down polyhierarchies depth vs. breadth hypertext--nonlinear chunking and linking databases--relationalNavigation Systems: Navigation Systems Hierarchical navigation systems--the information hierarchy is the primary navigation system Global navigation systems--often enables greater vertical and lateral navigation within a site Local navigation systems--often used for sub-sites Ad hoc navigation--relationships between individual content items or groups of content items; usually embedded within a page Mechanisms for producing navigation systems navigation bars frames pull-down menus tables of content, indexes, site map, guide pages Vanguard.com Navigation: Vanguard.com NavigationVanguard.com Navigation: Vanguard.com NavigationGlobalVolunteers.com Navigation: GlobalVolunteers.com NavigationLabeling Systems: Labeling Systems Synonymy and ambiguity Labels as links Labels and index/search terms Labels as headings on pages Sources for labeling systems other web sites controlled vocabularies outside, inside the organization content users and experts Subject/Contextual Clarification of Labels: Subject/Contextual Clarification of LabelsAmbiguity of Index Terms: Ambiguity of Index TermsSynonymy of Labels on Same Page: Synonymy of Labels on Same PageInconsistency of Labeling Across Pages: Inconsistency of Labeling Across PagesSearching Systems: Searching Systems Support different types of search comprehensiveness vs accuracy exploration existence Support different search mechanisms Natural language vs. controlled vocabulary Searching fields Retrieval models (boolean, statistical, etc.) Integrate search and browseIntegration of Search and Browse: Integration of Search and BrowseAmazon.com Advanced Search: Amazon.com Advanced SearchIA ‘Generations’: IA ‘Generations’ ‘Brochureware’ Pages served from database Metadata-driven website CMSAn Ecological Approach: An Ecological ApproachIA From Top to Bottom: IA From Top to Bottom Top-Down Bottom-Up portal sub-site strategy objects hierarchy metadata primary path multiple paths Object X Name: Product Category: Topic: Stale Date: Author: Security:Where Does IA Fit?: Where Does IA Fit? The Elements of User Experience Jesse James GarrettWhy Metadata-Driven Web Sites: Why Metadata-Driven Web Sites So Your Users Don’t Have To!Epicurious.com: Epicurious.comEpicurious.com Facets: Epicurious.com Facets Beans, Beef, Berries, Cheese, Chocolate, Citrus, Dairy, Eggs, Fish, Fruits, Garlic, Ginger, Grains, Greens, Herbs, Lamb, Mushrooms, Mustard, Nuts, Olives, Onions, Pasta, Peppers, Pork, Potatoes, Poultry, Rice, Shellfish, Tomatoes, Vegetables Main Ingredients African, American, Asian, Caribbean, Eastern European, French, Greek, Indian, Italian, Jewish, Mediterranean, Mexican, Middle Eastern, Scandinavian, Spanish Cuisine Advance, Bake, Broil, Fry, Grill, Marinade, Microwave, No Cook, Poach, Quick, Roast, Sauté, Slow Cook, Steam, Stir Fry Preparation Method Christmas, Easter, Fall, Fourth of July, Hanukkah, New Years, Picnics, Spring, Summer, Superbowl, Thanksgiving, Valentine's Day, Winter Season/Occasion Appetizers, Bread, Breakfast, Brunch, Condiments, Cookies, Desserts, Hors D'oeuvres, Main Dish, Salads, Sandwiches, Sauces, Side Dish, Snacks, Soup, Vegetables Course/DishEpicurious, First Facet: Epicurious, First Facet Browse > PicnicsEpicurious, Second Facet: Epicurious, Second Facet Browse > Picnics > PoultryBitpipe.com: Bitpipe.com Search Term Broader Term Narrower Terms Related TermsBitpipe’s CV: Bitpipe’s CV Web Application Software BT Internet Application Software NT eBusiness Software eCommerce Software Portal Applications Software RT Internet Web Applications Architectures Web Development Tools Webmaster Slide38: Contact: Amy J. Warner warneramyj@yahoo.com Questions??