healthyLungs

Slide1: 

Developed by the American College of Chest Physicians With Support from the Cook County Illinois Division of Tobacco Control Department of Public Health Healthy Lungs for African Americans 1

American College of Chest Physicians: 

American College of Chest Physicians A 15,000 member organization of physicians, scientists, and other health professionals specializing in treating diseases of the chest. 2

Your Lungs Provide the Breath of Life: 

Your Lungs Provide the Breath of Life Your lungs bring air into the body– Providing oxygen to the blood. Your lungs breathe air out of the body– Taking carbon dioxide away from the blood as waste gas. 3

Your Airways : 

Your Airways Breathing tubes carry air in and out of your lungs. 4

Your Air Sacs: 

Your Air Sacs The breathing tubes end in air sacs called alveoli. The air sacs enable the blood to take in the oxygen and get rid of the carbon dioxide. 5

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways: 

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways Asthma Chronic Bronchitis Lung Cancer 6

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways: 

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways Asthma Airways narrow with: Swelling of airway walls. Tightening of airway muscles. Mucus. 7

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways: 

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways Chronic bronchitis Airways narrow with: Swelling of airway walls. Mucus. 8

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways: 

Lung Diseases That Narrow The Airways Lung cancer Airways narrow with cancer growth. 9

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs : 

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs Emphysema Lung Cancer Sacoidosis 10

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs : 

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs Emphysema Walls of the small air sacs break down. 11

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs : 

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs Lung cancer Air sacs are blocked and squeezed by cancer growth. 12

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs : 

Lung Diseases That Damage The Air Sacs Sarcoidosis Air sacs and lung tissue become inflamed or swollen, then stiff. 13

Lung Diseases Caused by Infections: 

Lung Diseases Caused by Infections Flu—airways are infected, inflamed. Pneumonia—air sacs become infected, inflamed, and fill with fluid. 14

Signs of Lung Trouble: 

Signs of Lung Trouble Dry cough or coughing up phlegm for a month or longer. Chest colds occur two or more times a year. Coughing up blood. Shortness of breath or trouble breathing. Chest tightness or wheezing. 15

How the Doctor Learns What the Problem Is: 

How the Doctor Learns What the Problem Is Asks what symptoms you have, when you have them, and where. Listens to your breathing. Does a physical exam. The visit may also include: Lung function testing (you blow into a tube), chest x-ray, or blood tests. 16

List and Then Share With Your Doctor: 

List and Then Share With Your Doctor What you would like to get from your visit or why you decided to see the doctor. When and where you had your symptoms. Your concerns about the symptoms. The questions you want answered. 17

When to See a Lung Specialist: 

When to See a Lung Specialist A diagnosis is complicated by other diseases or problems. The disease is badly affecting the person’s life. Person is not responding to standard treatment. Specialists can give short-term help to your doctor or take over your treatment. Ask your doctor for a referral to a lung specialist. 18

You Can Protect Your Lungs: 

You Can Protect Your Lungs If you smoke, quit for yourself and others. Stay away from others’ cigarette smoke. Do not inhale harmful airborne particles or chemicals at work or home. Get flu and pneumonia shots September to mid November if you are 65 years or older or your doctor believes you are high risk. Get early treatment for lung symptoms. 19

Good News: Fewer African American Youth Smoke: 

Good News: Fewer African American Youth Smoke Information is from the CDC 1999 youth behavior surveillance system 20 19.7% of African American youths smoke 32.7% of Hispanic American youths smoke 38.6% of White American youths smoke % That Smoke

Slide21: 

The decline of smoking among African American youths during the 1970’s and 1980’s was widely viewed as an excellent public health success. Unfortunately, recent national surveys have shown that African American high school students are starting to increase their smoking rates, although their rates are still lower than those for other students. Tobacco companies continue to target African American communities. African American Youth Smoking Trends 21

U.S. Adult Cigarette Smoking, 1999: 

U.S. Adult Cigarette Smoking, 1999 CDC 1999 Surveillance system 22 % of Smokers

1998 Age and Race Adjusted Death Rates for Cancer: 

1998 Age and Race Adjusted Death Rates for Cancer Data from NCI surveillance, epidemiology & end result program 2001 23 # of Deaths per Thousand

Think About When You Will Quit Smoking: 

Think About When You Will Quit Smoking Most smokers quit smoking sooner or later. Most smokers either decide the benefits of quitting are great or they quit because they get sick. Most smokers try a number of times before they learn to live without cigarettes. Think about the benefits of quitting each day and set a quit date. Keep trying! 24

Ways Thousands of Smokers Learned to Quit Smoking: Suggestions for You: 

Ways Thousands of Smokers Learned to Quit Smoking: Suggestions for You Obtain nicotine gum or patches. Ask your doctor about other medicines that can help. Clear away reminders to smoke, like matches, cigarettes, and lighters. Plan to do something else when you feel like smoking—walk around, sip water. Stay away from tempting places or people. Reward yourself for not smoking each day. 25

Effects of Secondhand Smoke on Nonsmoking Adults : 

Effects of Secondhand Smoke on Nonsmoking Adults Significantly increases the chances of getting lung cancer. Reduces lung function and increases symptoms like cough and sore throat. 26

Effects of Secondhand Smoke on Children: 

Effects of Secondhand Smoke on Children Causes increased coughing and wheezing and reduced lung function. Increases the chances of earaches, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Increases the number and severity of asthma symptoms and attacks in children with asthma. Increases the chances children who do not have asthma will get it. 27

Growing Healthy Lungs During Pregnancy: Do Not Smoke: 

Growing Healthy Lungs During Pregnancy: Do Not Smoke The lungs grow during pregnancy and until at least 18 years of age. Smoking during pregnancy and in the home of infants and children has the most negative effect on lung growth. Do not smoke during pregnancy or in the home of children. 28

The Flu: 

The Flu Caused by a virus in the lungs. Flu lasts 1-2 weeks. There is no cure; antibiotics do not help. Symptoms include head and body ache, fever, weakness, sneezing, cough, running nose. 29

Pneumonia: 

Pneumonia Infection or inflammation of the lungs, usually caused by bacteria or viruses. Lungs’ air sacs fill with fluid. Length of illness depends on the patient, the infection, and how early treatment is given. Symptoms include cough, fever, chest pain, trouble breathing, headache, and weakness. 30

People Who Need to Get Annual Flu Shots: 

People Who Need to Get Annual Flu Shots People 65 years and older. People with long term diseases of the heart, lung, or kidney. People with diabetes, immunosuppression, or severe anemia. Women who will be in their fourth to ninth month of pregnancy from November to April. 31

Why African Americans 65 and Older Need Flu and Pneumonia Shots: 

Why African Americans 65 and Older Need Flu and Pneumonia Shots Flu and Pneumonia Deaths Per 100,000 African Americans 2000 CDC Statistics 32

Flu Shots Work: 

Flu Shots Work Flu shots prevent the flu or lessen how bad the flu is. Flu shots must be obtained each year because the flu virus changes all the time. 70 to 90 percent of the illness and deaths caused by the flu could be prevented if people 65 and older and others get their shots each year. 33

More African Americans 65 and Over Need Flu and Pneumonia Shots : 

More African Americans 65 and Over Need Flu and Pneumonia Shots 2000 Data from the CDC 34

Get a Flu Shot Each Year Between September and November: 

Get a Flu Shot Each Year Between September and November * Get a pneumonia shot if you have never had one. If you do not get a flu shot before flu season, you can get one during flu season. Get Flu Shot* September October November Flu Season November December January February March April 35

There Are Few Good Excuses for Not Getting a Flu Shot: 

There Are Few Good Excuses for Not Getting a Flu Shot No side effects occur in most people who get a flu shot (Some get a sore arm. A few get headaches and low fever for one day.) The shot cannot cause the flu because the virus used in the shot has been killed. The vaccine has been improved since the 1940s and 1960s, so there are fewer side effects. Medicare pays for flu and pneumonia shots with no deductible. (Must be 65+) 36

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Refers to a number of long-term lung problems including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Disease of people 40 years and older. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and other signs of breathing problems. 37

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care: 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care Stop smoking. Get a flu shot each year. Exercise regularly and lose weight. Cough up phlegm. Stay away from airborne dust, smoke, or other things in the air. 38

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care (cont.): 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care (cont.) Take the medicines your doctor tells you: Medicines to open the airways. Medicines to reduce inflammation. Antibiotics to treat infections early. Oxygen. 39

Asthma: 

Asthma Walls of the airways are inflamed or swollen all the time. Smoke, dust, pollens, or other things can make airways narrow. Symptoms tend to come and go, but asthma does not go away. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath. 40

Asthma Care: 

Care must be long term; there is no cure. See a doctor at least every 6 months. Take daily medicines to treat inflammation, as your doctor tells you. Add short-term treatment when symptoms start. Stay away from things that make your asthma worse. Asthma Care 41

What to Expect from Asthma Care: 

What to Expect from Asthma Care Attend school and work without time off. Little need for emergency room or hospital visits. No symptoms during the day or night. Minimal or no side effects from medicines. Ask your doctor to change or increase treatment if these goals are not met. 42

Sarcoidosis: 

Sarcoidosis Causes inflammation and small lumps in any body organ, but usually starts in the lung. The lumps are not cancer. There is no known cause. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, skin rash, weight loss, watery or reddened eyes, or feeling tired and ill. Sometimes there are no symptoms. 43

People Who Have Higher Rates of Sarcoidosis: 

People Who Have Higher Rates of Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis mainly affects 20-to 40-year old people in the following ethnic groups: African Americans Puerto Ricans Scandinavians Germans Irish 44

Sarcoidosis Care: 

Sarcoidosis Care Eighty percent of cases need no treatment. The disease goes away by itself. Treatment lessens the effects of the disease on the person’s life. No cure exists. Steroids by mouth are the main treatment. This reduces inflammation and the forming of lumps. Treatment lasts as long as needed. 45

African Americans Have Twice the Rate of SIDS as the U.S. Population: 

African Americans Have Twice the Rate of SIDS as the U.S. Population SIDS, or Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, refers to the death of a baby less than 1 year old who dies without a clear cause. SIDS usually happens while the baby is sleeping. We do not know what causes SIDS, but we know ways to make it less likely. 46

Ways to Lower the Chances of SIDS: 

Ways to Lower the Chances of SIDS Place your baby on his or her back, face up, when you put the baby down to sleep. Place your baby on a firm, flat mattress. Do not cover your baby’s face with blankets or anything. Do not let anything block your baby’s face or mouth. 47

Ways to Lower the Chances of SIDS (cont.): 

Ways to Lower the Chances of SIDS (cont.) Keep all soft and fluffy bedding, all pillows, and all stuffed toys out of your baby’s sleeping place. Keep your baby as warm as you like to be warm, not hot. Do not smoke or let others smoke in your house. 48