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Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide2: Basics of Lasers and Laser Light Laser Beam Injuries Laser Hazard Classes Laser Safety Standards Laser Control Measures Laser-Professionals.com Slide3: L ight A mplification by S timulated E mission of R adiation Laser-Professionals.com BASICS OF LASERS AND LASER LIGHTSlide4: WAVE NATURE OF LIGHT Light is an electromagnetic wave. Different wavelengths in the visible spectrum are seen by the eye as different colors. Laser-Professionals.com Slide5: Radio Long Wavelength Short Wavelength Gamma Ray X-ray Ultraviolet Infrared Microwaves Visible ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Lasers operate in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared. Radio Laser-Professionals.com Slide6: STIMULATED EMISSION Incident Photon Excited Atom Laser-Professionals.com Stimulated Photon same wavelength same direction in phase Incident PhotonSlide7: CHARACTERISTICS OF LASER LIGHT The combination of these three properties makes laser light focus 100 times better than ordinary light Laser-Professionals.com Slide8: LASER COMPONENTS Laser-Professionals.com Slide9: HELIUM-NEON GAS LASER Laser-Professionals.com Courtesy of Metrologic, Inc.Slide10: Courtesy of Los Alamos National Laboratory NEODYMIUM YAG LASER Laser-Professionals.com Slide11: LASER SPECTRUM 10-13 10-12 10-11 10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 1 10 102 LASERS 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 10600 Ultraviolet Visible Near Infrared Far Infrared Gamma Rays X-Rays Ultra- Visible Infrared Micro- Radar TV Radio violet waves waves waves waves Wavelength (m) Wavelength (nm) Nd:YAG 1064 GaAs 905 HeNe 633 Ar 488/515 CO2 10600 XeCl 308 KrF 248 2w Nd:YAG 532 Retinal Hazard Region ArF 193 Communication Diode 1550 Ruby 694 Laser-Professionals.com Alexandrite 755Slide12: Laser-Professionals.com LASER BEAM INJURIES High power lasers can cause skin burns. Lasers can cause severe eye injuries resulting in permanent vision loss.Slide13: SKIN BURN FROM CO2 LASER EXPOSURE Accidental exposure to partial reflection of 2000 W CO2 laser beam from metal surface during cutting Laser-Professionals.com Slide14: TYPES OF LASER EYE EXPOSURE Laser-Professionals.com Slide15: HUMAN EYE Laser-Professionals.com Slide16: Photo courtesy of U S Air Force THERMAL BURNS ON PRIMATE RETINA Laser-Professionals.com Slide17: MULTIPLE PULSE RETINAL INJURY Laser-Professionals.com Slide18: Photo courtesy of U S Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine EYE INJURY BY Q-SWITCHED LASER Retinal Injury produced by four pulses from a Nd:YAG laser range finder. Laser-Professionals.com Slide19: CAUSES OF LASER ACCIDENTS Studies of laser accidents have shown that there are usually several contributing factors. The following are common causes of laser injuries: Inadequate training of laser personnel Alignment performed without adequate procedures Failure to block beams or stray reflections Failure to wear eye protection in hazardous situations Failure to follow approved standard operating procedures or safe work practices Laser-Professionals.com Slide20: NON-BEAM HAZARDS Electrical Hazards Smoke & Fumes Mechanical Hazards Process Radiation Flashlamp Light Chemical Hazards Laser-Professionals.com Slide21: Laser-Professionals.com Lasers are classified according to the level of laser radiation that is accessible during normal operation.Slide22: CLASS 1 CLASS I Laser Product Label not required May be higher class during maintenance or service Nd:YAG Laser Marker Laser-Professionals.com Slide23: CLASS 2 Laser Scanners Laser-Professionals.com Slide24: CLASS 3a Small Beam Expanded Beam CLASS IIIa Laser Product LASER RADIATION- AVOID DIRECT EYE EXPOSURE ND:YAG 532nm 5 milliwatts max/CW Laser Pointers Laser-Professionals.com Slide25: CLASS 3b Courtesy of Sam’s Laser FAQ, www.repairfaq.org/sam/lasersam.htm, © 1994-2004 DPSS Laser with cover removed Laser-Professionals.com Slide26: CLASS 4 Photo: Keith Hunt - www.keithhunt.co.uk Copyright: University of Sussex, Brighton (UK) Laser-Professionals.com Slide27: The Federal Laser Product Performance Standard (FLPPS) of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) This is federal law and applies to the manufacture of lasers. The American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers (ANSI Z136.1) This is a VOLUNTARY Standard that applies to the use of lasers. It is “recognized by” : The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) IEC 60825 International Standard Laser-Professionals.com Slide28: FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 LASER SYSTEMS WITH ENCLOSED CLASS 3b AND 4 LASERS Protective Housing prevents access to laser radiation above safe level. Safety Interlocks terminate laser beam if protective housing in opened. Only authorized personnel may operate laser with interlocks defeated. Warning Labels alert personnel if opening the housing might expose a laser hazard. Viewing Windows and Optics limit laser and collateral radiation to safe levels. Laser-Professionals.com Slide29: CDRH CLASS WARNING LABELS Laser-Professionals.com Slide30: INTERNATIONAL LASER WARNING LABELS Symbol and Border: Black Background: Yellow Legend and Border: Black Background: Yellow Laser-Professionals.com Slide31: OVERVIEW OF ANSI Z136.1 1. MANAGEMENT APPOINTS LASER SAFETY OFFICER 2. LSO VERIFIES LASER CLASSIFICATION 3. LSO EVALUATES LASER HAZARDS 4. LSO SPECIFIES CONTROL MEASURES ENGINEERING CONTROLS ENCLOSURES INTERLOCKS WARNING SYSTEMS ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL CONTROLS AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE TRAINING PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT EYEWEAR BARRIERS Laser-Professionals.com Slide32: LASER CONTROL MEASURES Laser-Professionals.com ANSI Section 4.1 “Control Measures shall be devised to reduce the possibility of exposure of the eye and skin to hazardous levels of laser radiation.” Types of Control Measures Engineering Administrative ProceduralSlide33: Section 4.3.1.1 Laser Controlled Area Eye Protection Barriers, Shrouds, Beam Stops, etc. Administrative and Procedural Controls Education and Training Laser-Professionals.com CONTROL MEASURES FOR OPEN BEAM LASERSSlide34: CLASS 4 LASER ND:YAG 1064 nm 100 Watts Max. Average Power VISIBLE and/ or INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION-AVOID EYE OR SKIN EXPOSURE TO DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION. Controlled Area Warning Sign Laser-Professionals.com Slide35: LASER SAFETY EYEWEAR Laser-Professionals.com Slide36: EYEWEAR LABELS All eyewear must be labeled with wavelength and optical density. Laser-Professionals.com Slide37: LASER PROTECTIVE BARRIER Photo courtesy of Laser-Professionals.com Slide38: Laser-Professionals.com The person operating the laser always has the primary responsibility for all hazards associated with laser use. WHO HAS PRIMARY RESPONSIBLITY FOR LASER SAFETY ANY TIME A CLASS 4 LASER IS OPERATED?Slide39: Most beam injuries occur during alignment. Only trained personnel may align class 3B or class 4 lasers (NO EXCEPTIONS!) Laser safety eyewear is required for class 3B and class 4 beam alignment. ANSI REQUIRES approved, written alignment procedures for ALL class 4 laser alignment activities and recommends them for class 3B. SAFE BEAM ALIGNMENT Laser-Professionals.com Slide40: SAFE WORK PRACTICES Laser-Professionals.com Slide41: Thank you for promoting laser safety in your workplace. We hope you will consider us for your laser safety training needs. Check out our FREE laser hazard analysis software at www.Laser-Professionals.com Johnny Jones, President Laser-Professionals Inc. where the laser user comes first Laser-Professionals.com You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
LS MICROCOURSE SLIDES Dario Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 57 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 18, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide2: Basics of Lasers and Laser Light Laser Beam Injuries Laser Hazard Classes Laser Safety Standards Laser Control Measures Laser-Professionals.com Slide3: L ight A mplification by S timulated E mission of R adiation Laser-Professionals.com BASICS OF LASERS AND LASER LIGHTSlide4: WAVE NATURE OF LIGHT Light is an electromagnetic wave. Different wavelengths in the visible spectrum are seen by the eye as different colors. Laser-Professionals.com Slide5: Radio Long Wavelength Short Wavelength Gamma Ray X-ray Ultraviolet Infrared Microwaves Visible ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Lasers operate in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared. Radio Laser-Professionals.com Slide6: STIMULATED EMISSION Incident Photon Excited Atom Laser-Professionals.com Stimulated Photon same wavelength same direction in phase Incident PhotonSlide7: CHARACTERISTICS OF LASER LIGHT The combination of these three properties makes laser light focus 100 times better than ordinary light Laser-Professionals.com Slide8: LASER COMPONENTS Laser-Professionals.com Slide9: HELIUM-NEON GAS LASER Laser-Professionals.com Courtesy of Metrologic, Inc.Slide10: Courtesy of Los Alamos National Laboratory NEODYMIUM YAG LASER Laser-Professionals.com Slide11: LASER SPECTRUM 10-13 10-12 10-11 10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 1 10 102 LASERS 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 10600 Ultraviolet Visible Near Infrared Far Infrared Gamma Rays X-Rays Ultra- Visible Infrared Micro- Radar TV Radio violet waves waves waves waves Wavelength (m) Wavelength (nm) Nd:YAG 1064 GaAs 905 HeNe 633 Ar 488/515 CO2 10600 XeCl 308 KrF 248 2w Nd:YAG 532 Retinal Hazard Region ArF 193 Communication Diode 1550 Ruby 694 Laser-Professionals.com Alexandrite 755Slide12: Laser-Professionals.com LASER BEAM INJURIES High power lasers can cause skin burns. Lasers can cause severe eye injuries resulting in permanent vision loss.Slide13: SKIN BURN FROM CO2 LASER EXPOSURE Accidental exposure to partial reflection of 2000 W CO2 laser beam from metal surface during cutting Laser-Professionals.com Slide14: TYPES OF LASER EYE EXPOSURE Laser-Professionals.com Slide15: HUMAN EYE Laser-Professionals.com Slide16: Photo courtesy of U S Air Force THERMAL BURNS ON PRIMATE RETINA Laser-Professionals.com Slide17: MULTIPLE PULSE RETINAL INJURY Laser-Professionals.com Slide18: Photo courtesy of U S Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine EYE INJURY BY Q-SWITCHED LASER Retinal Injury produced by four pulses from a Nd:YAG laser range finder. Laser-Professionals.com Slide19: CAUSES OF LASER ACCIDENTS Studies of laser accidents have shown that there are usually several contributing factors. The following are common causes of laser injuries: Inadequate training of laser personnel Alignment performed without adequate procedures Failure to block beams or stray reflections Failure to wear eye protection in hazardous situations Failure to follow approved standard operating procedures or safe work practices Laser-Professionals.com Slide20: NON-BEAM HAZARDS Electrical Hazards Smoke & Fumes Mechanical Hazards Process Radiation Flashlamp Light Chemical Hazards Laser-Professionals.com Slide21: Laser-Professionals.com Lasers are classified according to the level of laser radiation that is accessible during normal operation.Slide22: CLASS 1 CLASS I Laser Product Label not required May be higher class during maintenance or service Nd:YAG Laser Marker Laser-Professionals.com Slide23: CLASS 2 Laser Scanners Laser-Professionals.com Slide24: CLASS 3a Small Beam Expanded Beam CLASS IIIa Laser Product LASER RADIATION- AVOID DIRECT EYE EXPOSURE ND:YAG 532nm 5 milliwatts max/CW Laser Pointers Laser-Professionals.com Slide25: CLASS 3b Courtesy of Sam’s Laser FAQ, www.repairfaq.org/sam/lasersam.htm, © 1994-2004 DPSS Laser with cover removed Laser-Professionals.com Slide26: CLASS 4 Photo: Keith Hunt - www.keithhunt.co.uk Copyright: University of Sussex, Brighton (UK) Laser-Professionals.com Slide27: The Federal Laser Product Performance Standard (FLPPS) of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) This is federal law and applies to the manufacture of lasers. The American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers (ANSI Z136.1) This is a VOLUNTARY Standard that applies to the use of lasers. It is “recognized by” : The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) IEC 60825 International Standard Laser-Professionals.com Slide28: FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 LASER SYSTEMS WITH ENCLOSED CLASS 3b AND 4 LASERS Protective Housing prevents access to laser radiation above safe level. Safety Interlocks terminate laser beam if protective housing in opened. Only authorized personnel may operate laser with interlocks defeated. Warning Labels alert personnel if opening the housing might expose a laser hazard. Viewing Windows and Optics limit laser and collateral radiation to safe levels. Laser-Professionals.com Slide29: CDRH CLASS WARNING LABELS Laser-Professionals.com Slide30: INTERNATIONAL LASER WARNING LABELS Symbol and Border: Black Background: Yellow Legend and Border: Black Background: Yellow Laser-Professionals.com Slide31: OVERVIEW OF ANSI Z136.1 1. MANAGEMENT APPOINTS LASER SAFETY OFFICER 2. LSO VERIFIES LASER CLASSIFICATION 3. LSO EVALUATES LASER HAZARDS 4. LSO SPECIFIES CONTROL MEASURES ENGINEERING CONTROLS ENCLOSURES INTERLOCKS WARNING SYSTEMS ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL CONTROLS AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE TRAINING PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT EYEWEAR BARRIERS Laser-Professionals.com Slide32: LASER CONTROL MEASURES Laser-Professionals.com ANSI Section 4.1 “Control Measures shall be devised to reduce the possibility of exposure of the eye and skin to hazardous levels of laser radiation.” Types of Control Measures Engineering Administrative ProceduralSlide33: Section 4.3.1.1 Laser Controlled Area Eye Protection Barriers, Shrouds, Beam Stops, etc. Administrative and Procedural Controls Education and Training Laser-Professionals.com CONTROL MEASURES FOR OPEN BEAM LASERSSlide34: CLASS 4 LASER ND:YAG 1064 nm 100 Watts Max. Average Power VISIBLE and/ or INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION-AVOID EYE OR SKIN EXPOSURE TO DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION. Controlled Area Warning Sign Laser-Professionals.com Slide35: LASER SAFETY EYEWEAR Laser-Professionals.com Slide36: EYEWEAR LABELS All eyewear must be labeled with wavelength and optical density. Laser-Professionals.com Slide37: LASER PROTECTIVE BARRIER Photo courtesy of Laser-Professionals.com Slide38: Laser-Professionals.com The person operating the laser always has the primary responsibility for all hazards associated with laser use. WHO HAS PRIMARY RESPONSIBLITY FOR LASER SAFETY ANY TIME A CLASS 4 LASER IS OPERATED?Slide39: Most beam injuries occur during alignment. Only trained personnel may align class 3B or class 4 lasers (NO EXCEPTIONS!) Laser safety eyewear is required for class 3B and class 4 beam alignment. ANSI REQUIRES approved, written alignment procedures for ALL class 4 laser alignment activities and recommends them for class 3B. SAFE BEAM ALIGNMENT Laser-Professionals.com Slide40: SAFE WORK PRACTICES Laser-Professionals.com Slide41: Thank you for promoting laser safety in your workplace. We hope you will consider us for your laser safety training needs. Check out our FREE laser hazard analysis software at www.Laser-Professionals.com Johnny Jones, President Laser-Professionals Inc. where the laser user comes first Laser-Professionals.com