Presentation Transcript
Use of Biomass in Industrial Boilers: Use of Biomass in Industrial Boilers Yoshio HIRAYAMA
TechnoSoft Co.,Ltd.
Function of Boiler and Required Conditions : Function of Boiler and Required Conditions
Classification of Boilers (1): Classification of Boilers (1) Boiler Special Boiler Water Tube Boiler Fire Tube Boiler
(Cylindrical Boiler) Cast-iron Boiler Steel Boiler Through Flow Forced Circulation Bent Tube Straight Tube Natural Circulation External-combustion Internal-combustion Longitudinal Tube Transversal Tube Indirect Heating Special Fuel Waste Heat
Classification of Boilers (2): Classification of Boilers (2)
Classification of Boilers (3): Classification of Boilers (3) * Some boilers can use more than one type of fuel. ** Water-tube boilers are more amenable to solid fuels like coal and wood waste than fire-tube boilers.
Fire-tube and Water-tube: Fire-tube and Water-tube Combustion Gas Water
Fire-tube and Water-tube: Fire-tube and Water-tube Fire-Tube Water-Tube
Straight and Bent Tube Boiler (Water Tube) : Straight and Bent Tube Boiler (Water Tube) Bent Tube Type Straight Tube Type Steam Drum Super Heater Gas Exhaust Steam Inlet Water Drum Burner Burners Vaporizer Blower Water Chamber Burner Water Tube Water Chamber
Advantage and Disadvantage of Straight Tube Boiler: Advantage and Disadvantage of Straight Tube Boiler
Type and Feature of Incinerator (Boiler): Type and Feature of Incinerator (Boiler)
Combustion Facilities of Moving Bed Type: Combustion Facilities of Moving Bed Type Loading Conveyer Automatic Discharging Silo Feeding Conveyer Softening Facilities Water Tank Chemical Pump Feed Pump Air Heater Safety Valve Steam Chimney Induced Fan Dust Collector Forced Fan Ignition Burner Adjusting Silo Oil Pressure Cylinder LP Stoker Ash Banker Ash Pit Ash Conveyer Sand Injector Biomass Feeder Ash Treatment
Fluidized Bed Boiler: Fluidized Bed Boiler Steam Drum Flue Gas Tube Bank Water Chamber Air Super Heater Outlet Manifold Super Heater Furnace Wall Tube Coal Feeder Bed Material Feeder Bed Material Discharge
Rotary Kiln Boiler: Rotary Kiln Boiler 1st Stage Combustion Air Flue Gas Rotary Kiln Driving Machinery Solid Fuel 2nd Stage Combustion Air Ignition Burner 2nd Stage Fire Box Stoker Ash Discharging Conveyer Ash
Heating Value of Typical Biomass Fuels : Heating Value of Typical Biomass Fuels
Bagasse: Bagasse
Bark and Wood Waste: Bark and Wood Waste
Palm Waste: Palm Waste
Corn Waste: Corn Waste Fluidized bed type Incineration
Rice Husk: Rice Husk Fluidized bed type Incineration
How to use Woody Biomass 1)　Wood chip as Alternative for Heavy Oil: How to use Woody Biomass 1)　Wood chip as Alternative for Heavy Oil Wood chip is used as the fuel of boilers in wood work factories for drying woods and space heating.
Fuel price of wood chip is cheaper than heavy oil.
Biomass boilers are more expensive than heavy oil boilers. ( 2-5 times)
Cheaper and automatic-controllable biomass boilers are expected.
How to use Woody Biomass 2) Pellet Fuel as Alternative of Kerosene: How to use Woody Biomass 2) Pellet Fuel as Alternative of Kerosene Wood pellet for boiler fuel is small and uniform. Accordingly it is suitable for controlling room temperature and automatic operation of boilers for home use.
Cost down and good distribution system of wood pellets,and development of low price biomass boiler (heater) will expand use of pellet fuel.
How to use Woody Biomass 3)　Bio Ethanol etc. as Alternatives of Gasoline: How to use Woody Biomass 3)　Bio Ethanol etc. as Alternatives of Gasoline Cellulose, main component of woody biomass, is consist of glucose. It is useful as a raw material of bio ethanol by cracking with sulfuric acid.
Bio ethanol can be used as an automobile fuel.
Recently development of bio ethanol has started in many countries.
Liquid fuel is made from thermal cracked gas of woody biomass.
How to use Woody Biomass 4)　Generation using Woody Biomass: How to use Woody Biomass 4)　Generation using Woody Biomass Biomass electricity generation from woody biomass is popular in the North Europe.
There are some biomass generation systems.
Steam turbine
Gasification engine
Starling engine
Small size generation systems are less profitable than large systems. Cogeneration system is preferable.
RDF and RPF: RDF and RPF RDF: Refuse Derived Fuel
4,000～5,000 kcal/kg
RPF: Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel A kind of RDF. It is made from
waste plastics and waste paper. 6,000～8,000 kcal/kg
Shape and Bulk of Biomass Energy: Shape and Bulk of Biomass Energy Wooden Chip Sugarcane Rice Husk Corn Waste Palm Waste Wooden Chip Wooden Pellet Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)
Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF): Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Biomass Crasher Dryer Wind Sorting Machine Compression Molding Machine RDF Inflammable Sorting Machine Inflammable
Molding machine of RDF and RPF: Molding machine of RDF and RPF Flat dies type Screw dies type Ring dies type
Characteristics of RPF: Characteristics of RPF Quality is stable.
Calorie control is possible.
Higher calorie than RDF.
Easy handling
Easy countermeasure to exhaust emission
Economical fuel
Price is 1/4 - 1/3 of coal.
Ash is ½ of coal.
7. Contributes to global warming prevention (Reduction of GHG)
Raw material of RPF and Heat quantity: Raw material of RPF and Heat quantity